Izingxenye Inkulumo ngesiRashiya

Abafundi bavame ukubuza umbuzo: ". Mangaki titfo tenkhulumo ngolimi Russian" Phendula ngokucacile kungenzeka neze: kukhona izikole ezahlukene ukuthi zisekelwe izindlela ezihlukahlukene, ukwaba inombolo ehlukile salezi zigaba. Ngokwesibonelo, indlela morphological AK Polivanova - NN Durnovo ikuvumela ukuba igama eziyisithupha. AM Peshkovski inike ingqikithi ezinhlanu.

Ngokuvamile, lezi zazi zolimi bakholelwa ukuthi umbuzo inani titfo tenkhulumo umi phakade. Lapho ososayensi befunda okwengeziwe afakwa ekufundeni ulimi, kaningi bayazibuza lo mbuzo: "? Hlobo luni izimpawu kufanele kuyisisekelo ngezigaba salezi zigaba". Kunemibono eminingi, kodwa nokho alukho uhlobo oluthile.

Okuvame kakhulu iyona ngezigaba, esekelwe nemingcele morphological kanye syntactic. It samukelwa njengesisekelo esikoleni ajwayelane ulimi. I-Faculty of kolimi cwaningo zonke izindlela ukuba lo mbuzo, simazi kangcono yonke imisebenzi ngokolimi esizinikezele kuye. Ikharikhulamu kwenkulumo ngolimi Russian zinqunywa esekelwe morphological, kolimi, izindima zabo syntactic. Kuyinto lezi nemingcele bese ziyisisekelo ngezigaba.

Zonke izingxenye tenkhulumo isiRashiya zihlukaniswe amakilasi. avelele:

• emangalisayo (ezimele) titfo tenkhulumo ;

• service;

• utibone.

Independent (bebizwa esinikelweko) titfo tenkhulumo ngolimi Russian libhekene Inani lalo, njalo / iyashintsha izici nokusetshenziswa kolimi. They phendula imibuzo eqondile yekuchumana umthwalo t. E. Ingabe esetshenziswa ukudlulisa ulwazi. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa yonke titfo tenkhulumo, ngaphandle amazwi umsebenzi futhi utibone.

Ukuze ehhovisi lawomagama ukuthi ungenalo amagugu nominative akuzona ngekutimela imigomo lucebe. Umsebenti wabo - ukuveza ubuhlobo semantic futhi syntactic phakathi kwamagama esinikelweko, amalungu noma izingxenye umusho. Lezi lwetakhi telulwimi ulimi izindlela zihlanganisa Izinyunyana, bondzaweni, izinhlayiya. Lesi sakamuva kuyadingeka ukushintsha ithoni umlayezo, noma ukwakheka amaningi izinhlobo igama.

Izinsiza (neznamenatelnye) titfo tenkhulumo ngolimi Russian asetshenziswa abalulekile ngokuvamile okuningi, ngoba mancane kakhulu.

Ekugcineni, kukhona utibone. Basuke kuphela esetshenziswa ukuveza imizwa yakho noma imizwa zingezokunikeza sifutamsindvo, abanalo izimpawu zabo noma azibone ebalulekile. Hlukanisa ngokwayo utibone (Oh! Oh! Oh! Opa!) Slovopodrazhaniya (Hhu-hhu! Iqhude!), Substantivized (ababevela kwezinye izindawo) igama noma inamba izinkulumo (Wow! Wah! Nightmare Baba!).

izingxenye ezibalulekile inkulumo ngolimi Russian zihlukaniswe okuzisholo nangamazwi.

kubhaliswe:

• Ibizo. (Umama, ubaba, krovinushka orgy, eziningi, ethule, pr.). Izici njalo uhlanga, Nokwehla yakhe engcono Animate / nezinto ezingaphili. Ukuze izici ze-non-unomphela zihlanganisa: Inombolo (ubunye, plural), ikhono ukushintsha izimo.

• Tiphawulo (obomvu, eqinile, enesibindi, njll). Khomba izibonakaliso, kukhona isici unomphela kuphela: kungaba qualitative noma isihlobo, noma unesikhwele.

• I inani. Ikhomba inombolo noma akhawunti inombolo. Kuye lokhu kungase kube ambalwa (ezinhlanu, amakhulu amathathu namashumi amane) noma ukulandelana (yesibili eziyisishiyagalombili wokuhamba).

• Isandiso. Kubalulekile ukudluliselwa isici noma isimo isenzo (kude isikhathi eside, pr.). Akukona izici engazinzile aliguquki.

• I isabizwana. UQobo akunandaba, kodwa ingasetshenziswa esikhundleni yiliphi igama (tenkhulumo, it is okhonjiswe). (Mina, ngandlela-thile, umuntu, umuntu, noma ubani, njll). Esithweni tabito kukhona njalo.

Izazi zolimi bakholelwa ukuthi ingxenye ngomlomo inkulumo ngolimi Russian kungaba zithunyelwe ngqo tento kanye namafomu abo: esithi, gerund. Ezinye izikole philological cabangela lezi zigaba ezizimele (ezimele) titfo tenkhulumo, abanye njengesivikelo ahlukene, isenzo kwetinhlobo letikhetsekile.

• libhekisela esimweni isenzo isenzo (ugijima, ukucula, upende). izimpawu zayo unomphela - ifomu (Sing-sing) Ukuphinda (wageza-wageza), ushintsho (ikhono / ukungakwazi okuhlangana ngayo ibizo e le umenziwa wesenzo) conjugation.

• iSidlo. Kungaba noma evumelekile (Run, ukuba ngesineke, upende), noma ngumuntu yokwenziwa (kukhokhelwe, wamemezela).

• gerundive. Lokhu kuwuphawu izimpawu. Engashintshwa, njalo iphathelene umenziwa ngoba limelela isenzo eyengeziwe kuyinto (noma isihloko). (Ngiya, ukucula. Wayelethwa egijima, bagxume).