Izinhlobo ze-high blood pressure, izimbangela

Ngenxa yocwaningo olude, ososayensi baye badala izigaba eziningana zezifo eziphezulu , ngokuya ngesimo sendlela.

Ukubukeka kwesiguli

UDudgard udokotela waseJalimane emisebenzini ka-1913-1920. Uhlukanise lesi sifo ezinhlotsheni ezinjalo ze-hypertension:

• I-hypertension ebomvu ibonakala ngokubuyisa ubuso, amabala, okukhombisa ukukhuliswa kwama-capillary;
• I-pale idala isikhala se-capillaries, isikhumba esilahlekile bese sibanda. Okufanayo kusebenza kumalungu.

Ngokwemvelaphi

Izinhlobo ze-hypertension kuye ngokuthi imvelaphi:

• Okuyinhloko (ngaphandle kwalokho kubalulekile, idiopathic) ukucindezeleka okukhulu;
• Ukunyuka okuphawulekayo kwegazi.

Isizathu sezinhlobo eziyinhloko asikacaci ngokugcwele. Kungenzeka ukuthi izici ezihlukahlukene zithonya: izifo ezibhekene ne-pituitary, i-cortex ye-adrenal, izinguquko ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi nabanye.

Ukucindezela okukhudlwana ngokuvamile kubangela isifo sezinso. I- hypertension yama- renal ngokuvamile ihambisana ne- hypertrophy ye-ventricle engakwesokunxele futhi kunzima ukuyiphatha.

Isifo somfutho wegazi ophezulu noma wesibalo sichazwa kuphela ku-10% weziguli. Isizathu salokhu kwanda kwengcindezi kuba khona kwezifo ezingapheli noma imithi engathinta ingcindezi.

Izinhlobo zomshukela ophezulu ngokwemvelo yokuvuza

UDkt. GF Lang ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engu-30 waqaphela izinhlobo ezinjalo zezifo:

• Ukuqhubeka kancane noma "ukushisa" kwesifo somfutho;
• Ukuqhubeka ngokusheshisa noma "okunonya" kwegazi.

Ngokuhamba kancane, kunezigaba ezintathu zalesi sifo, ezihlukaniswe yimingcele yokuzinza kokunyuka kwengcindezi, kanye nokuqina kwezinqubo zokugulisa izifo ezingxenyeni ezibhekiswe kuzo.

I-hypertension eyingozi iqala ezincane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ebuntwaneni, kunzima futhi i-endocrine.

Ngezinga locindezelo

Emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezinjalo zokucindezeleka, okusetshenziselwa ukuxilongwa kwesifo:

• I-"mild" ye-hypertension - ephansi (kufika ku-140 mm Hg), ukwanda okusheshayo kokucindezela kwegazi, okungadingi ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa;
• "Ukuzivocavoca" okujwayelekile "kubhekisela esigabeni 1-2 ukuthuthukiswa kwefomu" elibi ", ingcindezi ayikho ngaphezu kwe-180/10;
• Ifomu "elisindayo" liyi "elibi" noma esigabeni sesithathu, liqhubeka nezinkinga ezinkulu futhi alungiswa kahle yizidakamizwa.

Ngezinga lokulimala

Isimo sesiguli asikwahlulelwa ngezinga legazi, kodwa ngesimo sezinhlaka ezinegazi lokuphazamiseka kwegazi.

Izinhlobo ze-high blood pressure ezigabeni zesifo:

• Isigaba sokuqala sihambisana nokunyuka okuncane emfuthweni wegazi ku-range - systolic 140-160, ngokucindezela kwe-diastolic ku-95-100 mm Hg. Unomlingiswa wesikhathi esifushane, uhambisana nezinhlungu ezibuhlungu, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, futhi kunciphise ukusebenza kwengqondo. Izitho ezihlosiwe azilimazanga ngalesi sigaba.
• Isigaba sesibili sihambisana nokucindezela okukhulu okuqinile, okwandiswa ngisho nokuphumula futhi yi-160-180 systolic, kanye nama-100-110 - ama-indices we-diastolic pressure. Eyaziwa yizibonakaliso ezilandelayo zomtholampilo wokulimala komzimba: i-hypertrophy ye-ventricle engakwesobunxele, ukunciphisa imithwalo yegazi, ukutholakala kwamapulethi angenayo i-atherosclerotic, ukulimala kwezinso.
• Isigaba sesithathu somfutho wegazi yisilinganiso sokucindezela sika 220-230 / 115-130. Izilonda zezitho: i-angina pectoris, ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo; Ukwakhiwa kwezindonga ze-aorta ye-vascular, ukufakwa kwamathambo; Ukuhluleka kwezinso; Ukuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni, ukushaya isifo; Ukushisa ngokwegazi ku- fundus.

Ifolated ifomu

I-hypertension ye-systolic ehlukanisiwe ibonakala ngokunyuka kwengcindezi ye-systolic ngenkathi igcina ukucindezeleka kwe-diastolic ngaphakathi kwemingcele evamile. Loluhlobo lwe-hypertension lubonakala kwisiguli sesithathu seziguli ezikhulile. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthuthukiswa kwalesi simo yizinga elincane lezitsha ezinkulu. Lesi sifo singabangela i-infarction ye-myocardial, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo ye-congestive ne-hypertrophy ye-ventricular.