Izinkanyezi ezimbili elikhanyayo umlaza Orion: igama. Izinkanyezi enhle kakhulu e umlaza ka Orion

Umlaza i-Orion - ingenye enhle kunazo esibhakabhakeni ebusuku. Kuyinto ejwayelekile ukuthi abaningi kusukela eseyingane: kunzima ukuziba, njengoba izinkanyezi azibonayo kakhulu futhi izinto ezingcwele e umlaza ka Orion kungabonakala Umhlaba ngeso lenyama. Lezi zihlanganisa izibani, ezintweni eziningi nemingcele odlulele ilanga enhle Omkhulu Nebula-M42. Izinkanyezi ezimbili elikhanyayo umlaza Orion, Rigel futhi Betelgeuse, Kulula ukuthola esibhakabhakeni. Bona lula ukuthola tincenye letisele umlaza.

incazelo

Orion - uhlamvu lasendulo wasenganekwaneni, onekhono umzingeli, umngane nesithandwa lika-Arthemisi. Izinganekwane mayelana umlaza Orion bathi ubonakala intando ezulwini unkulunkulukazi disconsolate ababulala umzingeli ngenxa namaqhinga umfowabo nomona Apollo. U-Arthemisi wabase-ke ethembisile ukukhumbula ethandekayo njalo awubeka esibhakabhakeni.

Ilungiselelo lokuhlukaniswa izakhi Kulula ukuqagela ngalé kwezindaba umzingeli. Wama esibhakabhakeni ngesagila ephakanyiswe, inkemba ibhande lakhe isihlangu esandleni. Imininingwane umlaza kuthiwa asterism ezaziwayo. Isithungu yakha ukuma sici. ibhande Orion sika yakhiwa izinkanyezi ezintathu ezibonakala kakhulu, etholakala emgceni locondzile. Kutholwe ngaphansi nje asterism Enkembeni Orion, kuhlanganise izinkanyezi ezimbili futhi phakathi kwazo uma liqhathaniswa nendawo ezingacacile M42 esigaxeni. Ziyisivikelo ukuphela eningizimu-mpumalanga yesifundazwe umugqa likhombisa Sirius kanye enyakatho-ntshonalanga - ku Aldebaran.

Umxhwele Inkanyezi ngayinye bhá e umlaza i-Orion. Constellation bazungeza, ukulahlekelwa e ubuhle kungenxa ukuntuleka zalelo nani elikhulu izakhi umxhwele likhanya ngendlela efanayo.

lezimbali

Phakathi kwakho konke lokhu ubukhazikhazi ivelele pair lwemidondoshiya. Igama zomlando izinkanyezi ezimbili bhá e umlaza Orion - Rigel futhi Betelgeuse. notation kwawo kwezesayensi - Beta futhi Alpha Orionis, ngokulandelana. Bobabili giant, njengoba sekushiwo, iyabonakala kahle ukusuka eMhlabeni. Singasho ukuthi they ncintisana ngaphakathi kuwo isihloko izinkanyezi zokuqala kule sibalo yasezulwini. Betelgeuse is eyabizwa ngokuthi i-Alpha, kodwa ngandlela-thile licace Rigel.

Qamba izinkanyezi ezimbili bhá e umlaza Orion kuyinto asuka kuyisi-Arabhu. Rigel kusho "unyawo", futhi Betelgeuse - ". Ikhwapha" Amagama izinkanyezi, ngakho ukunikeza ukuqonda olunzima lapho lezi zinkanyiso. Alpha-Orion esisogwini ikhwapha kwesokudla umzingeli, ne-Beta - ngomlenze wakhe.

obomvu supergiant

Betelgeuse ngezindlela eziningi angabhekwa inkanyiso enkulu kakhulu Orion. Lokhu supergiant ebomvu ephathelene inkanyezi variable semiregular: ucwebezela ngendlela ekhangayo yayo kuhluka 0.2 1.2 ezidlula. Kulokhu, lo ezincane luminosity umkhawulo idlula izinga lokhu ipharamitha elangeni ngezikhathi ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalombili. Ukwehlukanisa inkanyezi Nomhlaba ibanga ngokwesilinganiso kulinganiselwa khona ukuthi iminyaka ukukhanya 570 (ukubaluleka esiqondile ipharamitha ayaziwa).

Ubukhulu Betelgeuse kungaqondakala ngokuziqhathanisa nalokho ubukhulu uzungeza amaplanethi yesimiso sonozungezilanga. Usayizi ubuncane inkanyezi, uma ngiyibeke esizeni inkanyezi yethu, ozofika zonke isikhala emzileni Mars. Maximum - kuyohambisana emzileni Jupiter. Isisindo Betelgeuse solar ngaphezulu izikhathi 13-17.

cwaningo yenkinga

Alpha Orionis ku ivolumu eyizigidi ezingama-300 izikhathi mkhulu kunezinhliziyo ilanga. Nse ubukhulu bayo kunzima ukukala, ngoba ibanga ukusuka maphakathi inkanyezi kancane kunciphisa ukukhanya yayo. Kukholakala ukuthi uma ibanga Betelgeuse ukuthatha light-years phezu 650, ukubaluleka ubukhulu bayo zokhahlamba kusuka 500 kuya ku-800 elihambisana kwemigomo inkanyezi yethu.

Betelgeuse - ngowokuqala emva ilanga lakhanya okuyiwona Space Telescope bakwazi ukuthola umfanekiso disk. Esikhathini isithombe ethumba emkhathini inkanyezi nge ultraviolet indawo ukukhanya phakathi nendawo. Ubukhulu balo idlule izikhathi nedlanzana ezimbalwa ububanzi bomhlaba. I lokushisa kule ndawo itsatfwa kunelawo lonke umzimba ebusweni elingaphandle. Umsuka wegama indawo ayikaziwa. Kukholakala ukuthi umphumela umthelela umoya inkanyezi into entsha ngokomzimba.

umlenze Orion

Rigel - inkanyezi bhá e umlaza i-Orion. Hare umlaza Eridanus futhi eduze kwesithombe yasezulwini hunter wasenganekwaneni, ngokuvamile utholakala esibhakabhakeni ukusondela yabo ibhawudo. Beta Orionis, sibonga ukukhanya yayo, ukhonza njengomPristi ireferensi izingqapheli.

Rigel - esiluhlaza-white supergiant inkanyezi nge ezidlula ezibukwayo - 0.12. Ibanga eLangeni ukuze inkanyezi imayelana 860 light-years. Ububanzi Beta Orion unika ipharamitha ezifanayo Betelgeuse. Kulokhu, luminosity ka-Rigel kunangendlela ukuthi star yethu, izikhathi eziyinkulungwane 130. Ngalokhu ipharamitha kuba ngaphambi Alpha Orionis.

Njengoba Betelgeuse, Rigel - inkanyezi onhlobonhlobo. It libhekene engaphumi njalo umjikelezo value izinguquko zalo kusuka 0.3 kuya 0.03 nenkathi cishe 24 izinsuku. Rigel is ngokwesiko kubhekwe ukuba kathathu inkanyezi uhlelo. Ngezinye izikhathi wayephuma udumo kwelifa loonyana ingxenye yesine. Nokho, ubufakazi obucacile bokuthi lineminyaka ongakabi wathola.

umakhelwane

Nge-Beta Orionis exhunywe Witch Shona Nebula. ezakheke kakhulu efana ikhanda uyathakatha sika isigqoko ezicijile ngempela. Lokhu esigaxeni reflection, sibonga akhazimula kuya endaweni ne-Rigel. INhloko izithombe Witch has tinge bluish, njengoba izinhlayiya ngothuli cosmic e indlela yokwakheka esigaxeni ukucabanga kangcono ukukhanya blue, yena Rigel eliluhlazi ingxenye bohlu.

kwemvelo

Izinkanyezi ezimbili elikhanyayo umlaza Orion kuyoba njalo. Bobabili izinqubo zangaphakathi, manje noma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuzoholela evuthayo fuel futhi mhlawumbe umlilo omkhulu - Ubukhulu umxhwele akuzona kunikela okusinda eside. Nokho, ngalesi mdala ngokunembile ngokwanele. Ngokwalokho okubikezelwa ka Betelgeuse ababeyokhanya iminyaka eyinkulungwane okungenani ezimbili. Wabe ziyowa futhi ukuqhuma. Kulokhu, ukukhanya kwalo kuba ifaniswe ukukhanya ingxenye noma ngisho inyanga egcwele. Kwesinye simo Betelgeuse "buthule" iphenduke umboniso wezinsiza. Kunoma ikuphi, ekupheleni inqubo ye eliwumhlaba ingqapheli ihlombe Orion siyocinywa.

Rigel nayo elinde isiphetho kukhanye esibhakabhakeni isikhathi esifushane kuqhuma elikhulu kwamandla. Ngaphansi ezizathwini lokufutheka kwakhe kuyoba ifaniswe ikota zenyanga.

nezinye izinkanyiso

Izinkanyezi ezimbili elikhanyayo umlaza Orion - akukuphela izinto kahle imakwe walesi sifanekiso wasezulwini. Hunter Belt lakhiwe ngemalunga lamatsatfu kuyabonakala ngokukhanya Earth. It Mintaka (Delta Orionis), Alnitak (Zeta) kanye Alnilam (Epsilon). Ehlombe kwesokunxele Umzingeli Bellatrix (Gamma Orionis), eyesithathu iphuzu bhá e umlaza. likhanya ngendlela efanayo mkhulu kunezinhliziyo elanga 4000 futhi. Phakathi izinkanyezi Ukwethwasa ngeso lenyama, Bellatrix labelwe Ukushisa abalulekile ebusweni. lokushisa yayo balinganiselwa ku 21 500º C.

Nebula futhi ukuhlelwa kwesikhala sezinhlamvu

ngaphezulu Izinkanyezi ezimbili elikhanyayo umlaza Orion itholakala ngezansi nje okhalweni futhi umzingeli Sword. Lokhu Theta futhi Iota Orionis. Therebetween into yesithathu okuqaphelekayo, okuyinto engazi futhi kukhonjwe inani lezinkanyezi. Nokho, lena Nebula Olukhulu Orion, okubonakala kusukela Earth kweso kancane. Kukhona njalo abasafufusa inkanyezi entsha. Khona-ke mhlawumbe kuba esiseduzane Umhlaba ukuhlelwa kwesikhala sezinhlamvu mass bebakhulu ilanga izikhathi 100.

Hhayi ngaphansi kuka-M42, le Ithoshi adumile kanye esigaxeni kanye Horsehead Nebula, nayo etholakala umlaza ka-Orion. Okokuqala ubukeka ngempela ezifana nezilimi, ezikhipha phezu komlilo, okuyiwona wathola igama lakhe. Horsehead Nebula futhi ifomu olungisisa igama. Ngal izithombe ihhashi kungabonwa kahle. Kubonakala sengathi imayelana agabadvula ku. Horsehead libhekisela esigaxeni wokuzindla: ngokwalo engenzi ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana zokukhanya. Lokhu kusinikeza ithuba ubunyoninco umsebenzi ngemuva esigaxeni IC 434. It likhanyisa umakhelwane amnyama.

On izithombe eziningi izibonakude ngokuvamile kubonakala umlaza ka-Orion. izinto ezithakazelisayo: izinkanyezi, mafu, namafu igesi nothuli cosmic - bazongena esitelekeni ubuhle babo ezithombeni. Nokho, ngisho ne-Earth ngalé umzingeli kubonakala kungekho kancane umxhwele. nensada okunjalo egqamile futhi ibonakale nqunu into iso akuyona ejwayelekile, mhlawumbe, izithombe eside kungekho yasezulwini.

Wishes ukubona bonke ubuhle efihla umzingeli wasenganekwaneni ingakwazi izinsiza eziningi ngokufundwa kwezinkanyezi nomkhathi ukuthi ukuphenya kuhlanganise umlaza Orion: "Astrogalaktika" ibalazwe isibhakabhaka -Google Sky, isevisi "-Google Earth".