Izinyathelo Old ubude nesisindo

Ezikhathini zasendulo, ngezinga elithile isisindo futhi ubude Abantu bamkhonza, okusho isisindo - kangakanani uzokwazi sithathe emahlombe akhe, ubude - kude kangakanani ezama.

izinyathelo Vintage obuphelele banikezwe uhlelo, okubandakanya imiqondo ezifana amamayela, izinyawo eziyisikhombisa, ngamamitha, intshi, intshi indololwane.

Ngakho, sicabanga imigomo eyisisekelo. Arshin - elithile obuphelele ukuthi kulingana 0,7112m (ngokuya yesimanje). Ukuze egcekeni sathathwa ukuthatha lesikali, ayeba ama zibekwe vershoks division.

izinyathelo Old ubude babe izinguqulo ezihlukene ukuthi ivelaphi. Incazelo yokuqala egcekeni - ubude isinyathelo womuntu bezihambela sezwe flat ngejubane elilingene (mayelana ayisikhombisa amasentimitha). Lenchazelo efanayo sithathwa isithenjwa Inani akhombise emagama lafana versta nesikhombisa izinyawo. Ngisho nalapho ucabangela isakhiwo igama elithi "egcekeni" Ungabona ukuthi impande yawo "ar" ngolimi lasendulo lisho "ubuso bomhlaba" noma "umhlaba", okuyinto kuqinisekisa umbono zezilimi ukuthi ngesilinganiso esidala Russian ubude esetshenziswa ekunqumeni ibanga ukuhamba ngezinyawo.

Kwakukhona futhi elinye igama le ngesilinganiso - "isitebhisi", okusho I-Akhawunti luzakwenziwa ngezinyathelo omdala ( "kungamafathomu encane" futhi "kungamafathomu kahulumeni").

Starorusskaya esemzileni elithile obuphelele - versta olukhombisa ibanga esiye basukile omunye komunye ukujikeleza igeja ngesikhathi sokulima. In parallel emagama lafanako ka 'ensimini' lezi imiqondo emibili isikhathi eside yasetshenziswa njengoba esilinganisweni obuphelele lasendulo. Phakathi nokubusa uPeter Omkhulu, imayela elilodwa of kulinganiswa amayadi angu 500 (1066.8 amamitha ngokuya yesimanje). Ngo-1649 amukela le "mezhevaya imayela" ilingana ayinkulungwane kungamafathomu. Ngandlela-thile kamuva (XVIII leminyaka) aseqalile ukusebenzisa into efana esemzileni verst (pyatisotnaya versta).

Ngenxa izinyathelo elincane obuphelele eRussia njengoba lisisakhiwo wasebenzisa "span", okuyinto kusukela ekhulwini XVII, njengokuthi "egcekeni ikota." Ngenxa yalokho, kunokuhlukana kudingeka kuthathwe izinyathelo ezingaka obuphelele kwamagilebhisi ezimbili amayintshi (one-half intshi) kanye ngamasentimitha (kwengxenye yesine intshi).

Omunye izinyathelo ezivamile ubude eRussia lezwakala "fm" ukuxabana ezithile, nezinye izinjongo, futhi ezidlula. Kube bekuya umehluko eziyishumi. Ngokwesibonelo, "Fathom centrifugal" kuyinto ibanga phakathi imikhawulo iminwe esilinganayo kabanzi omdala isandla besilisa. Futhi elithi "sazhen etshekile" kunqunywa ibanga ukusuka uzwane senyawo kwesokunxele kuya kwesokudla umunwe phakathi wavuswa.

Ihlangana ngisho incazelo obuphelele eRussia lasendulo, njengoba "indololwane", okuyinto zazilingana ubude bengalo kusukela kalula bafike endololwaneni. Inani layo, ngokusho emithonjeni ehlukahlukene, ezisukela 38 kuya 47 cm. Nokho, kusukela ngekhulu XVI, igama elithi iye lwaludlula ukuthini igama elithi "egcekeni".

isilinganiso ezindala isisindo wabhaliswa eRussia emelelwa nemigomo elandelayo:

- ingxenyenamba (0.044 g);

- slide (4.27 g);

- iphawundi (Hryvnia) ezilingana 96 spools (0.41 kg);

- Pud kufakwe amakhilogremu 40 (16.38 kg).

Lokubiza Russian wayeneminyaka iyunithi kulencane uyaca elilingana 1/96 kanye spool nesilinganiso. Spool yena, zazilingana 1/96 lomdumbula futhi luchazwa ngegama Uhlamvu lwegolide.

Pound sasifanekisela nesilinganiso esithile isisindo, kanye iyunithi yemali. Leli gama lisetshenziswa njalo uma izama isisindo lo mkhakha. Sasisetshenziselwa enesisindo of amatshe ayigugu (zegolide nezesiliva).

Pud zifinyelela ku esingamakhilogremu amane.

Kukhona isilinganiso ezinjalo isisindo, njengoba "berkovets" lisetshenziswe uhwebo lwezitolo ekufuneni enesisindo lemiqulu emikhulu kwezimpahla (isibonelo, wax noma uju). ERussia, leli gama elamukelwa isisindo omina * abayishumi, okuyinto ilingana nenqwaba imiphongolo wax Rolls oyedwa ngesikebhe abathengisi. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala Berkovtsy nazo imithombo eyaqala ngekhulu XII (nezimvume abathengisi Novgorod ePrince Vsevolod Gabriel Mstislavovich).