"Kabusha Kosygin" - nomlando

Alekseya Kosygina kubhekwe hhayi kuphela imenenja abanolwazi kanye onekhono, umhleli esinomdlandla, kodwa futhi uMongameli uhlakaniphe ngempela futhi abahlakaniphile Uhulumeni phakathi naso sonke isikhathi post-yimpi-USSR.

Lokhu kwasiza kakhulu futhi "kabusha Kosygin" - lo wokuqala selokhu kwaphela impi ngomzamo ukumaketha endizeni ukwedlulela emnothweni Soviet. Ligcwale hhayi kuphela zonke amagatsha umkhakha nezolimo, kodwa futhi cishe yonke imikhakha yempilo.

"Kabusha Kosygin" yayihloselwe okwandisa kokuvusayo kwezomnotho kanye ukuzimela kwenkampani. Ngokusho isinqumo we Plenum we CPSU ngo-1965, kwanqunywa wokuguqula wonke amabhizinisi ezimbonini. Injongo eyinhloko lesi sinqumo ekugcineni ukwandisa nekusebenta umsebenzi wabo.

Kuncike ekutheni, ngaphezu Gross, ngenisa umcondvo wekubhalwa izindleko yokuthengisa, ukudalwa seminikelo we iholo, isamba eyodwa dolobha ukutshalwa kwezimali. Ukuze sikhuthaze umsebenzi we amabhizinisi yemali wawanakekela ukushiya.

"Kabusha Kosygin" kwadingeka Izinjongo eziningana: ukuqinisa izimvu ezibuthaka, mpo kwamandla, ukubuyisela zezinkonzo ephakathi ye umkhakha, ukuqedwa emikhandlu kwezomnotho.

Reform waqalwa ngo 1965 kakade ne uNobhala Jikelele leonid uBrezhnev. Futhi uma abantu baphoqwa ukuba ayeke izinguquko ligcina uthi lokuphotha luzungeza umkhankaso ngisho ngaphansi eyandulela wakhe - Khrushchev, Kosygin kabusha umnotho cishe ingadlulela. Nakuba kungekho shintsho kwamandla, akukho "esigodlweni" Icebo lika asikwazanga ukukhansela isikhathi samanje lapho nezidingo zomnotho.

Ngaphambi ukwamukelwa kabusha ngaso sonke isikhathi ebhizinisini collective ukuthi ezilungisiwe kufike emniningwaneni wokugcina, ke ivinjiwe noma imiphi imizamo at aqondisa kwezomnotho. Ezweni lonke, eziqhutshwa wezempi abasebenzi uhlelo nge isiqubulo salo evelele: "ngasiphi intengo ukunikeza icebo."

Izwe "kabusha Kosygin" kwamhlangabeza ambiguously. abaqondisi abaningi ibhizinisi bekubona njengethuba elihle ukuthola imali eyengeziwe, abanye wabikezela umnotho wokugoqa sokugcina.

Izinkampani bakwazi babe kwezomnotho oludonsa, ngakho ngifuna amathuba ukuze kwandiswe inzuzo yabo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwathatha inzuzo zagxila izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali kuleli zwe.

Nokho, ngokuvumelana osomnotho abaningi, phakathi "kabusha Kosygin" ekusebenzeni umnotho kanye nezimpilo zabantu wawumuhle kunayo yonke e yonke le minyaka, ngemva kwempi.

Nokho, izinguquko yayingaphelelanga: kuba iqoqo izixazululo zabo ziyaphikisana futhi disparate, njengoba ukunwetshwa yokuzimela wamabhizinisi kuhlangene ekuqiniseni amandla zezinkonzo.

Lonke Iphuzu laliba ukuthi zisebenzise ngabanye nabalawuli emakethe non-emakethe uhlelo umyalo-zokuphatha, "Kosygin kabusha" enganikanga ebaluleke kakhulu emnothweni emakethe - Khululeka intengo ngokomthetho. Futhi lokhu, esikhundleni salokho, kungagcini isenzo iziyisikhombisa ukushayela njengoba nenzuzo kanye inzuzo. Ngenxa yalokho, izwe uqalile a izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali ezifihliwe, inzuzo hhayi okwandisa nekusebenta ukukhiqizwa, kodwa ngenxa amanani eyayenziwe okusezingeni eliphezulu, nezinye izinkinga eziningi eziyingozi.

Yingakho maduzane lo ubuholi beqembu phezulu nomuzwa wokuthi ngaso amandla abo ngokuphelele waqala kuwusongo olukhulu. Futhi by the kabusha maphakathi nawo-70s ukuthi aphazamisa, futhi injongo yakhe kwakungenziwanga izuzwe.

BeziNguquko, kuhlanganise yena Kosygin, bayaqonda ukuthi kubalulekile wokuguqula umnotho, hhayi eSoviet Union, futhi izisekelo kohlelo nomphakathi, indlela yokuphila yezwe. Nokho, abazange amelela indlela ngalo kufanele sigcwaliswe, nakuba bazi ukuthi "ingane" adalwe kubo, kungenzeka ukuthi empeleni ukubhodloza izisekelo isimo futhi zingaphazamisa ukuzinza yezwe.