IbhizinisiUmkhakha

Kama Automobile Plant, Chelny: umlando, imikhiqizo, izinkomba

Kama imoto eziyinkimbinkimbi itholakala emzini Chelny. Lesi sitshalo ukhiqiza imishini esindayo futhi ingenye yezinkampani ezinkulu ezikhethekile emhlabeni. Le nkampani iveza imikhiqizo ngaphansi brand common "KamAZ". Indawo lapho Kama Automobile Plant? - lokhu cluster yezimoto nge basaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda.

Plant umnotho kazwelonke

Ukulungiswa ku ukwakhiwa zalesi sihlahla yanyatheliswa ngo-1969. Indawo endaweni likhethiwe edolobheni elincane Chelny eMfuleni Kama. Dislocation selitholakele ikhumbula umthamo Logistics for the kwezidingo kanye Dispatch kwezimpahla. Leli dolobha cishe maphakathi ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union, ukuthatha indawo eduze komfula iVolga kanye Kama avunyelwe ezokuthutha amanzi ukuletha zokwakha ukwakhiwa kanye nemishini ye izitolo. Inzuzo kwaba ukuthuthukiswa inethiwekhi nojantshi kanye nemigwaqo.

Esikhathini esizayo, indawo kanye nengqalasizinda axazulula inkinga ekuthumeleni imikhiqizo isitshalo ukuze abathengi. umsebenzi wokwakha amasayithi ukukhiqizwa futhi ukwakhiwa kwezindlu enziwa "Kamgesenergostroy" inhlangano. Ukwakhiwa yayigubha futhi zamazwe ngamazwe, ekufezeni oda esizayo zalesi sihlahla ababehilelekile ezingaphezu kuka 2 izinkulungwane ezinhlangano zonke zezinkonzo wase-USSR.

kuqale ukwakhiwa

Kama Automobile Plant kwaba ifakwe okungcono izinto, ubuchwepheshe kanye nemishini. Isisetshenziswa olunikezwe yi zombili izinkampani zasekhaya kanye namafemu bezinye izizwe, njenge "Hitachi", "Renault", "Liebherr" nokunye. Sekukonke, ukudiliva eyenziwa izinkampani zakwamanye amazwe ezingaba ngu-700.

umsebenzi Laqala ukwakhiwa ngo-ebusika 1969. Kuhlelwe ukukhiqizwa umthamo kwakufanele aqiniseke ukukhululwa kwe amayunithi 150,000 amaloli esindayo, kanye ukunikeza umhlangano ayizinkulungwane 250 izinjini ngokuhamba konyaka. Yonke ukukhiqizwa eziyinkimbinkimbi ihlanganisa 57 amakhilomitha square komhlaba phezu loMfula Kama.

Indlela eqotho

Kama Automobile Plant - ukwakha ibhizinisi. Kanye izakhiwo esakhiwe izakhiwo zokuhlala kanye nengqalasizinda zasemadolobheni. Abasebenzi ukuthola indawo yokuhlala ukhululekile, akha izikole, izibhedlela, izinkulisa, enikela inkonzo yomphakathi, ezemidlalo kanye izakhiwo namasiko. Minyaka yonke edolobheni wayeza Ochwepheshe ayizinkulungwane 40. Ngesikhathi besanda kuqala sabantu ayizinkulungwane 27, namuhla leli dolobha iyikhaya abakhileyo abangaphezu kwengxenye yesigidi.

Imoto yokuqala iphuma out izitolo ezintsha ngo-February 1976. Kuze kube manje, inani okukhipha ibalwa izigidi. Phakathi nomsebenzi we Kama Automobile Plant eqoqwe izimoto ezingaphezu kuka-2 million, kanti abacishe babe izigidi 3 izinjini. Export wenziwa emazweni angaphezu kuka ayisishiyagalombili emhlabeni wonke, zonke iloli yesithathu nge high umthamo umthwalo aphethe umqondo CIS amazwe kungokwalabo umndeni ka KamAZ.

izigaba yentuthuko

Cishe zonke izindawo emnothweni abathintekayo izimoto ukuthi ukhiqiza Kama Automobile Plant. umlando sitshalo uyazi ube nezikhathi ezinzima nezimnandi, kodwa okukhiphayo is akazange ayeke. Isigaba sokuqala umthamo ukukhiqizwa eyalwa ngoDisemba 1976. Ngesikhathi yethulwa, inkampani okungcono izimali, kabili amazinga aphakeme automaker Vaz.

Tilinganiso zokukhiqiza kanye ukunwetshwa ukwakhiwa babe irekhodi embonini:

  • Ukukhululwa yokuqala yonyaka we plan (1977) laqedwa ngo-October, ne Inkomba izimoto ayizinkulungwane 15. Lwathi luphela izinga ngonyaka zaguqulwa ayizinkulungwane 7.
  • ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu KamAZ off the line ngo-June 1979.
  • Sigaba umthamo ukukhiqizwa yesibili isifakwe ku ukusebenza ngo-1981.
  • Kama Automobile Plant ngo-1983 wasungula inkampani "FC KamAZavtotsentr Chelny", e kwenkululeko ezazihlanganisa yesiqinisekiso ekhishwa imishini, ukugcinwa kwepaki izingxenye ezisele. Ngasekuqaleni '90s, inkampani 210 service izikhungo lapho.
  • Ngo-1987, umthamo ukwenziwa "Oka" brand elincane izimoto babegijima efektri. Kusukela ngo-1994, ukukhiqizwa wathola isikhundla esihlukile zalesi sihlahla, ogama izindawo zenzelwe ukuthi ikhiqiza iziqhumane izimoto 75,000.
  • Ngo-1988, iqembu yamahhashi abasebenzi "KAMAZ" isitshalo (Kama Automobile Plant) yasungulwa nge igama "KAMAZ-master", kamuva izindondo eziningi emihlanganweni ezifuywayo international.

ukuzinza

Kama Automobile Plant (Chelny), ngo-1990 wathuthela isimo inkampani. Entwasahlobo ka-1993 kwaba khona umlilo emikhulu, owabhubhisa cishe zonke esiyingqayizivele izimpahla ezibizayo futhi izindawo ngesikhathi isitshalo isakhiwo izinjini zezimboni. izinyathelo yokutakula Benziwe cishe ngokushesha nje ngemva impendulo inhlekelele. Ngo-December walowo nyaka ofanayo esitolo futhi baqala ukunyathelisa izinjini.

Ngo-1996, "Kamaz" JSC wayiswa isimo esisha, abe inkampani yomphakathi. Ngawo lowo nyaka inkampani sidalwe prototype elisha base imodeli iloli KamAZ-6520, okwakunginika uhlelo kokuqala of imishini emisha. ekukhiqizweni waqala ngo-1998.

ezenziwa ngokuhlanganyela

Ekhulwini entsha, inkampani liye langena nge izinhlelo olusha futhi ithuthukiswe imodeli ibhasi NefAZ-5299 ngamathuluzi ayisisekelo KamAZ-5297. Ngo-2003 inkampani wethule ukukhiqizwa imoto KamAZ-4308, yenzelwe ingqalasizinda ezisemadolobheni.

Ngo-November 2005, ifektri yamemezela ubambisane - the automaker German ZF Friedrichshafen AG futhi OJSC "KAMAZ", isakhiwo libizwa OOO "ZF Kama".

Ehlobo, emigqeni kokuvula ukukhiqizwa e Kazakhstan (Kokshetau) kanye kudalwa Russian-Kazakh ubambisane igama "Cummins Kama". Esikhathini esizayo, ngokubambisana neNhlangano abalingani European futhi kazwelonke uye kancane kancane anda. Kwakukhona ezenziwa ngokubambisana nezinkampani kusuka USA, eJalimane, India, e-Austria nakwamanye amazwe.

yesimanjemanje

WeJubili ezimbili sesigidi KamAZ wakhululwa iphayiphi main ngo-February 2012. Ngonyaka olandelayo, waqala ukukhiqizwa serial ibanga elisha amaloli - KAMAZ-5490 (eside hola ugandaganda). Eminyakeni elandelayo, kube wethulwa uchungechunge imodeli tractor KAMAZ-65206 futhi KAMAZ flatbed imoto isiqu-65207.

umkhiqizo okusha ngo-2015, steel ibhasi kagesi bazalelwa ngenxa nokubambisana ngeDrayivu Electro (Russia). izilingo Test yayiqhutshelwa emkhakheni amadolobha futhi wabonisa yi egculisayo. Ngawo lowo nyaka inkampani waqala ukuhlola imoto unmanned zasemoyeni, eyakhululwa ngo-ibhizinisi.

Ngo-2016 inkampani ifakwe ku kotorgo izindawo uyoveza imoto ozimele kumakhabheni ngoba amaloli K5-isizukulwane imoto, owawungumnyaka iphrojekthi ngobukhulu kusukela ukwakhiwa "KAMAZ" isitshalo uqobo.

Kama Automobile Plant 2017, esihleliwe ekupheleni umhlangano line injini inhlangano yabantwana uhlobo olusha - P6 eziyisithupha-irowu. Kuze kube manje, kuphelile futhi wamukela yiKhomishana nemisebenzi yokwakhiwa, ukufakwa imishini Kwenziwa inkampani "Hekkert" (Germany). Kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka ezingamakhulu amabili izinjini prototype sihlelelwe ukuqoqa amasampula umugqa omusha.

imikhiqizo

Omunye futhi imidondoshiya emhlabeni waseRussia ngobukhulu yezimoto iyona Kama Automobile Plant. hhayi kuphela izikhala bomdabu evulekile, kodwa futhi emazweni angaphandle Isifinyezo KamAZ waziwa. Le nkampani inyathelisa yokusungula enkulu izimoto, imishini, izinjini, iveza imisebenzi ahlobene, inikeza ngamasevisi.

Kama Automobile Plant imikhiqizo:

  • izimoto Production (kogandaganda, emalolini izindiza esindayo, alahle amaloli, amabhasi kanye CMU).
  • Spetsavtotekhnika (Cranes, amaloli, amaloli, iqhwa izimpimpi, uzi lwefilakisi elingabhuliwe, imishini yokumba nokunye.).
  • Negesi ibhodlela motor-imoto (amabhasi, amaloli, Cranes, amaloli, landscape imishini nokunye.).
  • Amabhasi (zasemadolobheni, suburban, ahamba, ibhasi kagesi).
  • Trailers (trailer flatbed futhi semitrailers, iziqukathi, trailer semitrailers - amathangi, njll).
  • izingxenye ezisele for izimoto ezikhiqizwa nobuchwepheshe.
  • Ubuchwepheshe ehlobene (izitshalo amandla mini-ezishisayo, amasethi odala, kamateynery, izinjini, amandla amayunithi nokunye.).

ukukhiqizwa ehlobene kanye nezinsizakalo

Kama auto giant kuhlanganisa inqwaba izitshalo, okuyinto, ekubeni yingxenye yalo lonke ibhizinisi, ukuthengisa imikhiqizo yawo siqu.

izitshalo Iqembu "KamAZ" kanye nemikhiqizo:

  • Automobile isitshalo (igiya ngokushayela amabhuloho ibhuloho for izimoto, balancer ukumiswa ukulungisa kits, izinkundla sisemoyeni nokunye.).
  • Ekwakheni isitshalo (crankshafts, iziyisikhombisa, amagiya, eziqondisa avuvukele, ngezibhakela Ukunwetshwa, Izikhumulo, Flanges nokunye.).
  • Foundry (inkatho yensimbi, steel, umbala, okungenxa yezimo ezikhethekile, izesekeli imishini umsebenzi Foundry).
  • Cindezela bese Wokushaya isitshalo (yokuhlanza kanye cutting metal, Umbala imikhiqizo metal, ekukhiqizeni ngamanani amancane olubunjiwe izihloko, izingxenye ashiselwe, izingxenye kanye nokunye.).
  • Ukulungisa isitshalo zezimboni (ukuthuthukiswa kanye womshini ukusika, ukulinganisa, amathuluzi asizayo, amathuluzi akhethekile, ukwakhiwa nokudayiswa izingxenye ezisele for the kwemishini, imishini service kulungiswe, umi ngomumo elungele futhi kuthuthukiswe amathuluzi ubudala, ukufakwa izinhlelo CNC nokunye.).
  • Plant izinjini (izinjini imishini ngokuvumelana nezifiso ikhasimende, ukudayiswa izingxenye injini, izingxenye Electroplating, ukwelashwa ukushisa izingxenye, machining njll).
  • Metrology (Samandla nesilinganiso izindlela, ukuhlolwa kusho umkhawulo test, i-laboratory amasevisi metrological nokunye.).
  • Service kwamakhasimende (izikhungo eqinisekisiwe KamAZ, ukugcinwa, izingxenye ezisele for yonke imigqa umkhiqizo ezivezwa izimoto izimoto, isevisi yesiqinisekiso).

ukusebenza sekukonke for 2016 (IFRS)

Phakathi 2016 izimali waqinisa zaba ruble ayizigidi ezingu 133.540, futhi ingaphezulu ngonyaka odlule ngo-37%. Le nkampani ikholelwa ukuthi ngcono izinkomba zezimali ngenxa ukuhoxiswa emakethe ibanga elisha esindayo-brand "KamAZ". Indima ebalulekile imigomo qualitative ambalwa, kudlalwa ukuqaliswa kazwelonke zohlelo ukungenisa esikhundleni, kukhuphuke ukukhiqiza, ukusebenza kahle ukuphathwa, ukwethulwa ubuchwepheshe eziphambili.

Kama Automobile Plant zemisebenzi ngo-2016:

  • ngenzuzo Consolidated - 133 izigidi ezingu-540 ruble.
  • Ukuqaphela - 34.432 amaloli (ngcono kusukela odlule ngonyaka 16%).
  • Ukwandisa isabelo khona emakethe yasekhaya - 56% (2015 babengamaphesenti 51%).
  • inzuzo Net - ruble ayizigidi ezingu 656. (2015 - ukulahlekelwa ruble ayizigidi ezingu 2.38.).
  • Inzuzo (inkomba EBITDA) - 4,6% (ngo-2015 godu - 2.6%).

Izinkomba e 2017

Ngokusho imiphumela 1st ikota yemali engenayo wezimali kusuka yokuthengisa ebonisa ukwenyuka uma kuqhathaniswa nenani lesikhathi esifanayo ngo-2016 futhi kufana ruble 26.4 billion (ngo-2016 -. Ruble 17.2 billion). Engenayo Ubude zaba ruble 34,4 billion ( ngo-2016 ekulahlekelweni zaba ruble 2.2 bhiliyoni.).

Ngo-2017, ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo ukuchitha ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-20. Ezibalulekile - utshalomali ekwakhiweni zalesi sihlahla baqala ukunyathelisa ifreyimu imoto, ukungenisa esikhundleni, inhlangano ye ukukhiqizwa eziyisithupha cylinder izinjini (isizukulwane esisha), ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto yesimanje. Kuhleliwe Khipha ithrekhi isitokwe zezimoto kuyinto amayunithi ayizinkulungwane 36.

ezokuvakasha zezimboni

amabhizinisi amaningi amakhulu ziqondiswa izinkambo, enye yazo Kama Automobile Plant. Izithombe izindawo zezimboni, izindaba mayelana izinqubo, umlando sitshalo nethuba lokuqala ukubona isizukulwane esisha izimoto ukuze abe sibonga ngokoqobo emigomweni sokukhululeka. Ukuze uvakashele isitolo, kudinga ukubhaliswa kwangaphambilini. Izinkambo Ukuqondiswa ayatholakala amaqembu iqhaza 3 kuya ku-20 ezihlonishwayo travel ejensi.

Imizila ephakanyisiwe:

  • Automobile Plant.
  • Foundry.
  • injini isitshalo
  • Cindezela bese Wokushaya Plant.
  • Seen izitshalo ezimbili (izinjini kanye ngezimoto).

Izinkambo Ukuqondiswa ayatholakala phakathi nesonto umsebenzi.

ulwazi oluwusizo

"KAMAZ" isitshalo rankings emhlabeni e zibalwa lesishiyagalolunye phakathi izimboni imoto. Le nkampani iqasha abantu 52.000. Amakhasimende main futhi abathengi Ministry of Izimo eziphuthumayo, eMnyango Wezokuvikela, "TNK", "Gazprom". Imikhiqizo lithunyelwa India, China, CIS amazwe, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Panama nakwamanye amazwe.

Uma unentshisekelo lapho Kama Automobile Plant, bambize kanje: Republic Tatarstan, emzini Chelny, Avtozavodskaya Avenue, Ukwakha 2.

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