Kanjani ukwenza ukuhlaziya amagama Ukwakheka

Ukuhlaziywa sokuqanjwa kwamagama (noma morphemic - igama elithi "morpheme" elikhombisa ubuncane ingxenye enkulu izwi) - uhlobo ekucwaningweni kolimi. Inhloso yayo - ukunquma Ukwakheka isakhi uphawu. Okungukuthi, ukwenza ukuhlaziywa lesifanele of the ukwakheka amazwi, udinga ukuthola bese ukhetha zonke izingxenye zazo eyakhelwe uhlobo oluthile izwi. azihlole (akumelwe kudidaniswe morphological, lapho izwi kubhekwa ngokuya ubulungu ingxenye ethile yokukhuluma) wabiza morphemic.

Kudluliswa amazwi ukubunjwa kumele kuqale nge liqine imingcele morpheme ngamunye, ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuze kahle ukunquma Isiqalo, impande, isijobelelo, isisekelo langesikhatheso ngoKukhulamungu. Kodwa kuwufanele ukukhumbula ukuthi akuzona zonke ifomu elithi kufanele iqukathe zonke morpheme ekhona: isib, "isikole" ivela impande (-shkol-), isijobelelo (-n-) futhi ekupheleni (-S). Kodwa, esikhundleni salokho, (futhi akuyona into engavamile ukuba yolimi lwanamuhla Russian), kukhona amagama zihlanganisa eziningana lwemisuka, ticalo netijobelelo noma. Ngakho, "ngesitimu" elisuka ezimbili (-par- futhi -hod-) isijobelelo (-n-) ziphethe (-S). A "Zomlaleli" yakhiwa impande (-slush-) netijobelelo ezimbili (-a- futhi -tel-), kodwa akukho isiqalo ekupheleni leligama kuyoba zero (ngokomthetho uzwakalise ngokubhala izincwadi).

Ngakho, ukwenza ukuhlaziywa of the ukwakheka mazwi ukuthi ayiqiniso, kubalulekile ukuba sikhumbule kwencazelo ubuncane eziyisisekelo amayunithi okunenjongo kolimi. Ikhaya morpheme okuyinto linencazelo lucebe (ie siveza incazelo) futhi kuyinto evamile ingxenye amazwi owodwa impande - impande.

Ngokwesibonelo, njengoba ukuthi yochungechunge esilandelayo "amanzi" ezihlobene, "zamanzi ',' ngwenya", "Vodicka" - kuyoba -water. Amagama ngaphandle izimpande ngolimi Russian alikho. Futhi lapha yakhiwa kuphela ke - eningi "egijima", "cinema", "kakhulu", "ihhashi", "ikhaya."

Morpheme ebanjwa yayo izwi phambi impande, ngokuthi sicalo ukuma ngemva kwakhe - the Isijobelelo. Kucacile ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba beveza uphawu, elizoquketha kuphela isiqalo efanayo noma isijobelelo kuphela.

Kuyadingeka ukuba ucabangele inqubo sokunquma morphemes okwenza ukuhlaziywa morphemic of amagama kwengoma. Umsuka, isiqalo nesijobelelo ososayensi-zezilimi ubheke morphemes derivational. Lokho, okuzofakwa kuyo amagama amasha ngolimi izithombe. Ngaphezu kwalokho derivational, ekubumbeni angawodwa. Zikhona ukuze yakha ezihlukahlukene amafomu ngaphakathi Ngokufanayo, futhi ukubonakaliswa incazelo nokusetshenziswa kolimi. Ukuze lolu hlobo morphemes kuthiwa ophela futhi abanye tijobelelo.

Ukuphela - .. Ingabe uhlobo morpheme, okuyinto yakha izindlela ezihlukene zokubiza igama elifanayo, kanye nokuba kube inkomba yokuthi ubulili kolimi, inombolo, icala, isikhathi, njll Ungakhetha kuphela ezingxenyeni variable yokukhuluma.

Nokho, kumelwe ukuhlukanisa phakathi amagama akudingeki eziyimpumelelo, kanye null-inqanyulwe. Njengoba sekushiwo, ayinayo amafomu izwi ukuthi musa ukushintsha - esithi tandziso, isandiso, indeclinable kahle emabito, tiphawulo, emi degree yokuqhathanisa. A zero isiphetho - it is hhayi ngokusemthethweni akhethiwe inkomba izwi variable incazelo nokusetshenziswa kolimi. Izibonelo ukwakha -l- tijobelelo ingasetshenziswa ukwakha lesengcile tento (go-Th + Isijobelelo -n) -e-, lapho kukhona eyakheke lamadigri ukuqhathanisa e iziphawulo nezandiso (elikhulu - emsindweni).

Ekugcineni, igama elithi has a base - zonke izingxenye zalo okungenasiphelo. Eqele ngalé lwezifundo zesikole, kungenzeka ukunquma base njengengxenye amathokheni akuzona kuphela ngaphandle ekupheleni kodwa futhi ngaphandle Isijobelelo okwakhayo.

Kuyadingeka ukuba ucabangele inqubo sokunquma morphemes, okwenza ukuhlaziya amagama kwengoma. Izibonelo ukuhlaziywa morphemic:

"IZihlobo Zasehlathini"

1. Ukuphela - "th"
2. Base - the "ihlathi"
3. Umsuka - "ihlathi"
4. Isijobelelo - the "n"

"Abasebenzi"

1. Ukuphela - "futhi"
2. Isisekelo - "isisebenzi"
3. Umsuka - "labour"
4. Console - "nge"
5. I isijobelelo - "nick"

Ngakho, lapho ifingqa imiphumela ku "amazwi yokwehlukanisa ukubunjwa", kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kuphela ngokulandela umyalelo ethile: thola ukuphela (uma ikhona), ukuqoka isisekelo, ukusungula lapho impande (by Ukukhetha yamagama eyodwa impande), khetha isijobelelo, Isiqalo (uma ikhona), ungakwazi ugweme amaphutha.