Krakow, Poland. Izikhangibavakashi nezithombe zezivakashi

Iminyuziyamu, amatshe ezikhumbuzo yezakhiwo kanye izakhiwo zenkolo akuzona kuphela ulwazi engqondweni yethu kuphela, futhi enze umsebenzi kwezokuzijabulisa. Okunengi Ngohlelo kulezi zici ezimbili uyazi Krakow. Poland - ezweni lapho eminyakeni yamuva, ezokuvakasha wafika ezingeni elisha lonke.

Ukuzalwa legends engavamile

Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala nezinsuku muzi ngonyaka 966. Khona-ke ikhomba yachazwa njengetshe elincane yimpumelelo Sekutsenga ngaphansi kokubusa amaCzech namaRomany. Kamuva, insimu wafika ngaphansi kobuholi izikhulu Polish. Ngokuhamba izenzakalo Kazimir Veliky wasusa inhloko-dolobha yakhe ukuba Krakow.

Settlement waqala ngenkuthalo akhule. Phakathi nale nkathi, kwakunoFakazi inqwaba izinganekwane ezithakazelisayo mayelana ngomsuka wayo. Labe ozalwa nganekwane odumile mayelana nendlela Krakow yasungulwa. City kubikwa indaba, zabahlupha udrako okubi ukuthi wahlala emhumeni.

Ngaleso sikhathi, izwe okungewakho isikhulu Krak (egameni edolobheni kwenzeke). Babusi wayenamadodana amabili nendodakazi enhle. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, inkosi yathumela abantwana bakhe lesi silo. Kwaphela isikhathi eside le nsizwa bazama ukunqoba udrako. Futhi kuphela ke sabona ukuthi impumelelo kungaba ukuhlakanipha. Izikhulu abasha Ugcwalise ezisebenzi inkomo ushevu. izinyoka thusa okuxekethile, kugwinywe lolo futhi wayesaphefumula. Kodwa ngemva kokunqoba guys wayengazi ukuthi ukwabelana enkazimulweni, kungani baqale ukulwa. Ngo kusinda eyodwa kuphela. INdodana, wabuya, lied ukuthi ezinye owabulawa ngezidladla silo.

izinhlamvu Abathathu indaba eyodwa

Zonke emadolobheni asePoland zimbozwe izinganekwane eziningi. Ayikho ngaphandle futhi Krakow. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, Udrako wasinika emhlatshelweni zamantombazane. Lapho ubukhulu kwaba kuphela indodakazi umbusi, inkosi yamemezela ukuthi uyonikeza ashade naye kulowo obuyokutholela silo esisabekayo. inyoka ngobuqili wakunqoba wezicathulo okuthiwa Scuba Dratevka. Wafaka isilwane eyayigcwele nesibabule, nodrako kugwinywe Ubuthi, wafikelwa umuzwa evutha esiswini. Izinyoka landizela emfuleni futhi angiphuzanga manzi kuze kube yilapho liqhume. Kamuva lo mfana bathunga yesikhumba silo izicathulo. A Krak wasigcwalisa isithembiso sakhe.

Kukhona inguqulo, owawuthi inkosi wamhlula nodrako.

Kunoma ikuphi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuwina bani lesi silo, kuze kube manje lezi zinganekwane uphila. Amandla kusiza alondoloze isiko labantu bakubo.

izindunduma izikhulu

Kunenye indaba mayelana indodakazi isikhulu sika. Owesifazane wayefuna uyobanika baphoqeleka ukuba ayoshada nendoda abakuthandi. Ukuze ugweme bamba, Pannochka siphonswa emfuleni.

Lezi zinganekwane of Krakow iminyuziyamu ungatsheli. Kodwa emaphethelweni ngesiduli umbhoshongo ezimbili yokufakelwa, ogama lakhe behlonipha iNkosi indodakazi yakhe uWanda. Eyokuqala itholakala esifundeni Nowa Huta, kwesibili - edolobheni elidala. Usuku ukwakhiwa lezi zintaba ezimbili akuyona ngokuqondile eyaziwa, kodwa ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ethuneni yenkosi Yakhiwa ngonyaka 500. Ngesiduli for ladies eyakhelwe ezimbili noma ezintathu ngemva kwamakhulu amaningi eminyaka, endaweni lapho athola isidumbu sakhe.

Labo vakashela uWanda iNdunduma Novemba 4 futhi Februwari 2, uzokwazi ukubuka isithombe emangalisayo. Ilanga liyashesha ukushona ncamashi phezu kwentaba Prince. Futhi uma sima ithuna i umbusi Meyi noma 10 Agasti 2 lasendulo, ukukhanya makehle ngesiduli okuyithuna indodakazi yakhe.

izwe nokuziqhenya

Wawel castle eziyinkimbinkimbi - i gem yezakhiwo komuzi. It ngonyaka izinkulungwane zabantu izivakashi Krakow. Poland namanje uyaziqhenya leli bhuloho elihle.

Kuleli zwe, abantu esakhiwa ekhulwini XI. Kuze 1300 enqabeni eyayibekwe phezu kwegquma eliphakeme, futhi kamuva Korol Kazimir III kabusha futhi yakhelwe aliqinise isitayela Gothic. Umuzi ngokwawo uye savela kusukela isimo Polish ezamenyezelwa ngekhulu leshumi.

Yokujama tsi kwenchubekelembili waqala lapho edala Rzeczpospolita. Ngakho-ke, le nto onqenqemeni ezweni elikhulu. indawo okungekuhle kuye kwasho ukuthi inhlokodolobha washukumiseleka ukuba Warsaw. Nakuba isikhathi eside enqabeni lalilokhu yokuhlala kubabusi, kodwa imililo eminingi nokuhlasela ngesihluku wamqhuba ubala.

Kodwa kusukela ngo-1900, lesi sakhiwo baqala ukubuyisela. Namuhla zonke izinkambo e Krakow ukunikela ukuvakashela emangalisayo nokuzwa yezakhiwo.

Uhlela amaqhawe esizwe

Abaningi ukwaziswa okuthakazelisayo nokuwusizo ongamtshela Wawel. Uyakhonza izivakashi esifanekisweni of hero kazwelonke Tadeusha Kostyushko. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lesikhumbuzo lifana ncamashi. I okokuqala seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili wabhubhisa amaJalimane. Pedestal abuyiselwe ngo-1960. abacwaningi abaningi bathi umgibeli - ikhophi yokuqala, kodwa ihhashi salandelwa umbala khuluphele. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lesikhumbuzo efanayo isethwe e Denver, USA. Iqiniso lokuthi Kosciuszko balwa Olusheshayo uthi.

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, Wawel eside ngeminyaka engu-500, nje kuphela ngokuthi maphakathi Krakow, kodwa futhi njengoba inhlokodolobha yase-Poland. Yingakho lo muzi mass kanzulu lezinto uyakufanelekela ukunakwa zezivakashi.

Sekungamakhulu amaningi eminyaka castle lalilokhu yokuhlala kubabusi. It hhayi kuphela abangabodwa ababehlala ababusi, kodwa naye wafa. Lapha bangcwatshwe izibalo ezidumile yezwe. Phakathi kwabo kukhona uMongameli Leh Kachinsky nomkakhe uMaria, eziye zafa kabuhlungu kuphahlazeka indiza eduze Smolensk mhlaka-10 Ephreli 2010. Ukuphumula ndawo lombhishobhi Krakow Fortress, okuyinto engekude ithuna Yuzefa Pilsudskogo, sikahulumeni Polish. sarcophagus yabo yavalwa nge setshe itshe enesisindo esingaba amakhilogremu angu-400, lapho aqoshiwe amagama umongameli nomkakhe, kanye esiphambanweni. Futhi eseduze has a ekhethekile uqweqwe.

dragon isiko

Krakow izakhamizi uzoqhubeka legends yabo. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba bangene ekhaya ithambo ethempelini ukulengiswa. Namuhla yaziwa - kuyinto amathambo endoda woolly. Kodwa kwadlula isikhathi eside, abantu bacabanga ukuthi kwase izinsalela dragon. Eqinisweni, ezikhathini zasendulo kulo mhlaba sikholelwa ukuthi lokhu njengentelezi kuzoletha ukuthula nokuchuma. talismans ezinjalo ezingokomfanekiso unezinye izindawo ePoland.

Umjikelezo ezinganekwaneni mayelana inyoka okubi siyaqhubeka emhumeni, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi esisogwini Insimu Wawel Castle. Zikholelwa ukuthi kulo wahlala monster esabekayo. Okwesikhathi esithile khona ihholo elikhulu emhumeni wayaziwa njengomuntu ophansi yokucima ukoma ngoba abacebile. Kamuva, wonke amasango kukho bekukhuphula immured. Kodwa ngemva ukuzimela, kule ndawo isibe futhi afeze indima yayo eyinhloko - mangaza izivakashi.

Indawo intandokazi yokugogobala izivakashi baba Cherven Boulevard, ilele phansi izindonga inqaba. Kukhona efakwe isikhumbuzo nodrako. Isikhumbuzo njalo ngemizuzu emihlanu ekhipha ilangabi. Umbhali Bronislav Hromy. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi imbangela yomlilo, ungasebenzisa imilayezo ye-SMS inombolo ethile ne smok umbhalo.

simangalele bokwakha

Abaningi edolobheni isimanga. Ilingane 25 zezindela 7 emasinagogeni bese usetha amahora. Ngo uchungechunge ahlukene wobulawa amasonto ekhatsi Krakow. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-40 Wonke umuntu ufanelwe ukunakwa zezivakashi. Kodwa sekuyisikhathi eside bokuthi wakhuthaza iSonto kweNyuka Blessed Virgin Mary.

Itshe lokuqala kulendlu sabekwa 1200s. Izikhathi eziningana ithempeli amalangabi, abhubhise amabutho esitha noma ukuzamazama komhlaba. Kodwa shrine kabusha nentofontofo kakhudlwana. ukubukeka isonto lawo lanamuhla awuthola ekupheleni kwekhulu XIV.

Isici nobuntu zakhiwo kwemibhoshongo ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Kusengenzeka akunakwenzeka ukuthola ukuthi yini ukuhlela enjalo ixhunyiwe. Lokhu ehilelekile yezakhiwo uchaza indaba lendawo. Ngokusho yetinsita umbhoshongo yakhiwa abazalwane ababili. Lapho omunye waphawula ukuthi yesibili enza ngokushesha umsebenzi, mina-ke wambulala. Kamuva, asikwazanga athwale wahlushwa unembeza, dushegubets agxume esuka ophahleni phansi iphahlazeka.

Ukubukeka esontweni - into nje ukuthi angaletha Krakow. WasePoland wayehlale ezinakekela izi- intuthuko engokomoya, ngakho wezangaphakathi isonto futhi lihlaba umxhwele. Okwavelela kwaba Altarpiece of Vita Stvosha, elihlanganisa Gothic kanye Renaissance izitayela.

imibono fresh

Isimo okhethekile edolobheni Uthole Museum. Kulesi endaweni engaphezu kwamashumi amabili. Ngamunye wabo Kuyathakazelisa futhi eyingqayizivele. inzuzo yabo eyinhloko - sokuhamba imithetho nokhahlo.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe lwamaJuda elingaphezu kwelivamile "Galicia". Lapho, izivakashi ngeke nje ufunde mayelana namasiko yalesi sizwe, kodwa futhi ulalele amakhonsathi, avamise eyenziwa kulezi izindonga.

Isimanga izivakashi zobuciko Modern Art Gallery. Ibonisa zokugcina engamashumi amabili, izinhlelo zemfundo, izincwadi zesayensi, umtapo futhi esitolo sezincwadi - ukuthi kufanele anikele e Krakow. Poland uye wahlanganyela ngenkuthalo ekudalweni nokuvulwa kulesi sikhungo. Namuhla, kuyinto amakhophi engcono izitayela entsha.

Iphuzu esivelele ekhaya we-Japanese art nobuchwepheshe Manggha. umsebenzi Its main - hhayi nje ukukhuluma mayelana ezweni elikude yomuntu yokuphila, kodwa futhi ukuhlela master emakilasini, izinkulumo futhi bahlele izifundo ku art.

Kulo muzi Umdwebo edumile emhlabeni uLeonardo da Vinci sika "Lady nge Ermine." It has nelungelo lokumelela wobuciko we Czartoryski Museum.

izinganekwane idolobha

Izivakashi bakhangwa intengo yokuhlala, ezishibhile, ukudla okumnandi futhi uhlelo ocebile ukuzijabulisa. Kulomuzi, wonke umuntu uzothola i uhambo angayithandi.

Ngaphezu amasonto eziningi futhi iminyuziyamu ukunikela izivakashi nokuzijabulisa kwesimanje. Wonke umuntu oza edolobheni, ungavakashela imigoqo, amaqembu, zokudlela kanye ngisho epaki amanzi. Krakow - inhlokodolobha yamasiko-Europe. Minyaka yonke lapha uhlala izivakashi zakwamanye amazwe cishe izigidi ezingu-2.

Cishe zonke lesikhumbuzo ligubuzelwe legend ezithakazelisayo futhi okungavamile. Nakuba abagxeki abaningi bathi zonke lezi izinganekwane yasungulwa izingane, namanje nabo izinkambo kwezinkolo ezazikulo muzi ethakazelisa kakhulu.

Nokho, kuze kube yilolo Krakow akunjalo spoilt yizivakashi njengoba ezinye izihloko European, ngakho wayelokhu kube amandla isici nobuhle.