Kungani isibankwa isikhumba akakwazi ukuphefumula? isikhumba isibankwa. Izici izibankwa

Lizard - a izilwane phansi ezisekelwe nongenanembeza isidumbu ingashintshwa ukuze yokuphila ezweni elomile. Uhlala emahlathini, emathafeni, izingwadule, izintaba. Umzimba encane usinamathelise ngaphandle imbozwe izibankwa eziningi izikali Horny, emishinini yokuphefumula kuphela yamaphaphu. Iya ngosizo izinyawo ngokuthinta umsila phansi nomzimba (groveling). Kungani isibankwa isikhumba akakwazi ukuphefumula? Phendula lo mbuzo kuzosiza ekutadisheni izici kwesakhiwo nendlela yokuphila omunye abameleli evamile ekilasini ezihuquzelayo.

Lizard emincanyana

Ngo ilanga okugcwele, utshani amahlumela awo phezu kwala matshe efudumele zingatholakala isilwane esincane ngomusa. Lokhu emincanyana kanye isibankwa ezivamile. Ubude bayo umzimba usinamathelise ifinyelela 15-20 cm (kuhlanganise nomsila). Umbala - umbala ogqamile brown namabala amnyama ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Olwelwesini okuhlala isikhathi eside isikhumba esomile - uqweqwe cornified ngesimo ishq wonke umzimba futhi enezinto ekhanda. Asesandleni abo babe izimpiko, bona Lizard linamathela ukuze amagxolo ezihlahla, amatshe tekucanca. ikhava okukaliwe ivikela umzimba kusuka iphele ukuphuma futhi umonakalo. Umoya akusho ukungena kukho, yingakho isibankwa akakwazi ukuphefumula, ukujabulela kuphela ukukhanya isikhumba. Laba balimi bafakela umzimba nomoya-mpilo, esidingeka omzimba amandla. Phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo, isibankwa sisitshela ngokusondelana okwakuphakathi izikhathi ezimbalwa. Scale kuvimbela ukukhula sesilwane, kodwa corneum stratum ehlutshiwe off kanye nezimagqabhagqabha ezintsha.

Isakhiwo isibankwa

Torso esonta kanye isibankwa ngokuvamile nabo phansi. Lokhu ukuhamba wakhala igama ekilasini kwezilwane - ezihuquzelayo, noma ezihuquzelayo. Leli qembu lihlanganisa lamabutho ka zibe maholoholo, suborder yezibankwa. abameleli eziningi izici ezivamile evumela ukuhlanganisa kubo ku neqembu elilodwa. Cabanga Sakhiwo sangaphandle isibankwa:

• umzimba siqukethe ikhanda, umzimba, umsila omude, nemilenze emine;
• pointy ikhanda ihhovisi phambi uthuthela emfushane intamo obukhulu;
• amehlo avikelekile nezinkophe engenhla nengezansi, bahlale ezimanzi ngenxa ayevumela nictitating ulwelwesi - ngekhulu lesithathu;
• ekhanda, i-pair of the ikhala, lapho umoya sihamba;
• kuvulwa yangaphandle isitho sokuzwa, embozwe ulwelwesi tympanic, itholakala emva iso;
• uhlaka touch - ulimi eside, olunjengemfoloko ekupheleni;
• nemilenze yakhiwa izigaba zezizwe ezintathu, ngezinyawo zakhe - iminwe emihlanu, akukho yilena ehlala ezingutsheni eziqinile phakathi kwazo.

Izici izibankwa

Awezinyoka - nzima ahlelwe nezilwane zasezweni, ezinye zazo ingashintshwa ukuze i siklanyelwe ukuphila emanzini. Zikhona izici zangaphandle ukuthi ukuhlukanisa izibankwa of izilwane zasemhlabeni:

• intamo phakathi ikhanda futhi umzimba;
• kungekho ukubhukuda ulwelwesi phezu iminwe imilenze iDemo - izimpiko;
• isikhumba esomile ngekhava uphondo;
• ijwabu leso lwesithathu.

Ebusuku, isibankwa ecasha Burrows, ngaphansi amadwala noma iziphunzi, ekwindla ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa elithokomele, befana yokucashisa. Amphibians negesi lokushintshisana kule nkathi uyaqhubeka edabula isihenqo ezondile emzimbeni. Kungani isikhumba isibankwa akakwazi ukuphefumula, efana frog? Awezinyoka baye baphelelwa amandla negesi lokushintshisana ngokusebenzisa isikhumba inqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Nokho, lokugayeka kokudla emzimbeni ezihuquzelayo kancane kunalokho salezi zinyoni. Phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo, isibankwa ephathekayo, kuzingelwa inyamazane, lapho kubanda iba ucobekile, odla kancane.

ukuphefumula izibankwa

Wamabele kwesigaba isibankwa umzimba anamekwe emaphethelweni emgogodleni, ukuvikela inhliziyo namaphaphu ekulimaleni. Emoyeni ngokusebenzisa ukuvuleka acinene engena ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo, owawuse-umphimbo kanye kuqhoqhoqho, bese - ku bronchi. isibankwa Khanyisa like izikhwama ukuphefumula Frog, kodwa akheke eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lapho ekwandiseni umoya thorax is ukusivumela, futhi ukuvaleka - okhishwa ngamakhala kwenzeka. Lezi izimo abathintekayo intercostal nemisipha besisu. Umoya igcwalisa iphaphu amaseli, ahlukaniswa ngodonga, ama-capillary ezinabantu kwakwande. Kungani isikhumba isibankwa akakwazi ukuphefumula, efana frog? Amphibians nqunu isikhumba ezimanzi - i eyengeziwe isitho zokuphefumula, kudingeka ngokukhethekile silele. Ngemva-mpilo integument kusukela emoyeni ingena isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi, nesikhutha ludlulele ngaphakathi imvelo. reptilian ikhava umzimba izikali Horny, ezithinta imithambo yegazi. Ngakho-ke, isikhumba ukuphefumula isibankwa ulahlekile.

Ikhono sikhiqize

umzimba isibankwa sika uzimisele uma ebheka usebenzisa izimpiko ukunamathela bokungafani kancane phansi noma amagxolo. Isilwane Ungakwazi ukukhuphuka isiqu sesihlahla, ku eyehlelayo enamadwala. Ngaphezu ukuthi lingakanani ijubane lokuya, kukhona enamathela ovikelayo, ngokuvumelana olwenzeka endaweni yemvelo. Ezinye izinhlobo zawo unekhono ukushintsha kwesikhumba amathoni, nezinye shweza esongelayo, scaring off uma ibona izilwane eziyingozi. Ukuqina, umsila kwemisipha kusiza uma uvakasha futhi ivikela ekuhlaseleni. Kukhona impahla ezithakazelisayo ukuthi ifa isibankwa. Lapho Stalker eyohlasela aqhamuke ngemuva bese ubamba umsila, kalula ephula off futhi uyaqhubeka squirm isikhashana. Umhlaseli lona udlule umxhwele Umsunguli wale nhlangano, futhi isibankwa ubalekela ehlathini noma utshani emgodini. Esikhundleni walahlekelwa isilwane uyalulama (ubuyisela) nomsila entsha, isikhathi esifitjhani begodu mkhulu kuneyokuqala.

suborder yezibankwa

Amalungu leli qembu taxonomic ingatholakala zonke izindawo sezulu ngaphandle emathafeni futhi zingwadule ezineqhwa. Emhlabeni kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka 5900 zilwane, munye emndenini. Ngu agamidae ezingaba yezibankwa, okuholela ekuphileni arboreal noma eliwumhlaba. Abanye bayakwazi ehuquzelayo indiza (uhlobo lwe-Draco). Umndeni elikhulu izibankwa - Komodo (3 m).

Abamele ozala Unwabu ukushintsha umbala lomzimba wakhe. Abesilisa abe ezisabekayo Basilisk emikhulu kanye ameva kanye ngemuva. Lezi izibankwa kukhona ayizingcweti zokubhukuda kanye ingaqalisa ku amanzi, nibambe ubuso bayo ngenxa umthelela izinyawo ezinolwebu. Igama uhlobo lwe sivela zifana kuya wasenganekwaneni Basilisk silo. Iguanas - abameleli enkulu suborder yezibankwa. Ngakho, iguanas obuphelele abavamile -. 1.9-2 m Paws geckos amancane Agam embozwe protuberances eziningi ezincane ezikhanyayo ezisiza adhesion ezibushelelezi ezahlukene, ngisho ingilazi. Ngo izibankwa legless ngokuphelele beba yizingini, kodwa ihluke izinyoka nezinkophe ezithathekayo iso futhi khona ibhande ehlombe kule skeleton.

Abamele yonke imindeni izibankwa abonise lithathelwe ephelele ukuze izindawo ezithile. thermoregulation babengaphelele isinxephezelo yokuthi ukufihla ezindaweni zokukhosela kusuka hypothermia kanye okweqile. Ukuwela kulala kwasebusika, izibankwa ibalekela amakhaza asebusika ehlane ashisayo - ukuya ukuphila ebusuku.