Kuyini cross-imvumelwano? Cross, umusi, imvumelwano okuvalelwe

Bhala izinkondlo ebusheni bakhe ezama eziningi. Abanye baze siqhubeke 'sihlupheke "lokhu waze waba mdala, zicabanga yena nomunye umuntu owayephila Pushkin - imbongi abanamakhono futhi consummate. Kodwa, ngeshwa, hhayi njalo into livela ngothi okuyigugu kungenziwa ngokuthi izinkondlo kweqiniso. Ngisho noma singenayo acabangele okuqukethwe amavesi, ukukhanya izithombe olusankondlo, ngokuvamile ohlangothini lwezobuchwepheshe umkhiqizo ayiyinhle.

amasu versification

izimo Okubalulekile prosody art kukhona ubukhulu (isilinganiso) nemvumelwano. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi namuhla kwakukhona mass nemikhutshana kuleso, okuhlangana khona imizila leyo ayishiye ngokuphelele ngisho abaphumeleli ngokusishaya indiva imilolotelo kulinganiswa ijubane futhi isigqi lapho versification. Isibonelo salokhu namuhla imfashini intsha ukunyakaza ngokuthi rap: intsha ibheka izindlela zabo yokukhuluma zomhlaba kwangaphakathi. Futhi labo ukuthuthukisa izitayela ezintsha in ubuciko izinkondlo, kanye nalabo fan of zakudala isiqondiso izinkondlo namuhla kubaluleke kangaka ukuba bazi yiziphi imilolotelo ngolimi Russian.

cross-imvumelwano

izinkondlo Iningi kulotshiwe ngendlela ukuthi ahambisana ngababili, le emgqeni wokuqala nowesithathu, kanye lesibili nelesine. Uma yokwehlukanisa esigaba lwesikhathi ukuxhuma amazwi, imilolotelo, bese umxhwele iqiniso ezilandelayo: arc aphambana, njengokungathi wakha esiphambanweni. Yingakho lesi simanga ibizwa ngokuthi "isiphambano-imvumelwano." Ivesi enesihloko esithi "Ukucabanga lolwandle" ukusiza isibonelo ucabangisise kahle le ndlela ka versification.

Ukucabanga lolwandle

Angithembi - ukuthi ama-gull okhalayo,

Futhi thina ngivalelise kulo wamuka ehlobo,

Hhayi igama lami ikhanya ...

Sea sear kubo izimpendulo

On umbuzo: "kanjani uhlala ku?

Kanjani ukusinda ukuba into ukubuyisa?

Kanjani ukuba ubone wonke amanga nobuzenzisi?

Ukuze uqonde inhliziyo ngithuka

Lumber ubuhlungu, intukuthelo futhi ukungabaza?

Indlela yokulawula ukugwema amaphutha

Futhi amakhulu ezinkulungwane resheny

Abathembekile ukuthola impendulo ngqo? "

Kodwa, ukhathele ukukhala, buthule

Ama-seagull. Sea latshona ubuthongo.

Futhi izimpendulo njengoba hay izinaliti,

Hhayi ukuthola, kusukela hhayi isihe sikaNkulunkulu.

Abesilisa, abesifazane, futhi giperdaktilicheskaya imvumelwano dactylic: ulwazi olujwayelekile

Lapha, e quatrain ngamunye (vesi, ehlanganisa imigqa emine) esetshenziswa cross-imvumelwano. Ngokuvamile, ngakho bonke quatrains kwelinye lokubhala ethile senkondlo, usebenzisa eyodwa eziningana izindlela imvumelwano: kuphakathi kokuthi yonke imigqa iphele amaqoqo ucindezelekile (imvumelwano wesilisa) noma yonke imigqa imvumelwano njengabesifazane, uma ukucindezeleka ewela ilunga penultimate, noma omunye ngazimbili rhymed Stitch has a imvumelwano wesilisa, kanye nezinye pair - zesifazane. Kancane kancane ezivamile imvumelwano dactylic lapho string iphela amaqoqo amabili unstressed, okuyinto basuke beqale ngokukipita kubika iKickOff.com ngoLwesithathu. Futhi kakhulu kuyaqabukela uphathe ukuhlangabezana giperdaktilicheskuyu (amane noma pentasyllabic) imvumelwano, lapho isilebhuli wagcizelela kulandele amaqoqo amathathu noma unstressed ngaphezulu. Sebenzisa kwelinye inkondlo ngemigudu ngesikhathi esisodwa - into ezingavamile.

Abesilisa, abesifazane, futhi giperdaktilicheskaya imvumelwano dactylic: ukuhlaziywa isibonelo

Kusibonelo ngaphambilini kuboniswe nje wazilandela ngokunembile amadoda, abesifazane dactylic imvumelwano isiphambano njengophawu indlela samuntu prosody. Ngokwesibonelo, quatrains nesibongo kukhona ukusetshenziswa okukhethekile imilolotelo isifazane, futhi esigaba komugqa wokuqala nowesithathu yesibili uxhuma imvumelwano isifazane, futhi eyesibili neyesithathu - dactylic. I quatrain lwesithathu yisibonelo usebenzisa inhlanganisela imvumelwano zesifazane-wesilisa. Empeleni, lapha esiphambanweni imvumelwano isikimu uzwakalise Ababa, lapho bofeleba limelela imvumelwano isifazane, nabancane - besilisa.

imvumelwano okuvalelwe

Kwenzeka kaningi njengokuthanda imvumelwano engu- ozungeza imvumelwano imigqa. Kule ndlela, izinkondlo lokuqala ngokuhlanganiswa umugqa wesine, kanti eyesibili - eyesithathu. Njengoba isibonelo, Belting, kanti kwesinye - indandatho imvumelwano, ingasetshenziswa nansi ivesi "Oh umama" izinkondlo:

Yini mina? Vele ukuthi kancane:

Kiss ezandleni esishwabene ...

Ingabe abazi isithukuthezi,

Amandla bangabeki kubo akukho ukukhetha.

Njengoba singabona esibonelweni lapha imvumelwano kuyofikwa ku imigqa yokuqala neyesine (nobuncane - kwesobunxele), kanye wesibili nowesithathu (izandla - isithukuthezi).

Njengoba cross, imvumelwano okuvalelwe Kungenzeka kuningi ongakwenza ukuze amadoda, abesifazane, futhi giperdaktilicheskoy dactylic, futhi inhlanganisela yawo. Ngokuvamile lolu hlobo izinkondlo isetshenziswa sonnets, futhi cishe akasoze - ngesiRashiya Folk izinkondlo. Ngokokuqala ngqá lapho livela khona ngekhulu le-18, ekupheleni kwenkathi versification syllabic. Ibuke kungenzeka ukuba u-Antiochus Kantemir e yakhe "Incwadi II izinkondlo zakhe."

Intuthu izinkondlo imvumelwano yezingane

Ukuphikisana ngendlela kwalokho zezinkondlo, ingasaphathwa imvumelwano umusi. Njengoba esiyingini cross, umusi imvumelwano kwenzeka kaningi izinkondlo Russian. Lena ifomu elula kakhulu, kuyaqondakala futhi kufinyeleleke zezinkondlo, yingakho kuba ngale ndlela iningi izinkondlo ezibhalwe izingane. Lokhu kuhlanganisa patters futhi Counting, nezimfumbe eziningi.

Ngokwesibonelo, nezimfumbe enjalo evesini eyabhalwa imvumelwano pair:

Yena - isikebhe ashisayo zintanta ndaba.

Futhi kuye lokhu surface bushelelezi - akukho imibimbi ngeke bakwazi ukubona!

noma:

izindlebe Long, umsila futhi esifushane,

Kuseli, uyaphila, Fluffy, futhi unamahloni.

Inkondlo owaziwa mayelana uTanya, uphonse emfuleni ibhola, eyayizonikezwa Agniya Barto, nje ubonisa ukusetshenziswa imvumelwano pair. Futhi nezinye izinkondlo, isibonelo, mayelana inkunzi, okuyinto phezu flank siyolala ebhokisini, bear ukuwozela, ulogshegosya embhedeni, futhi mayelana indlovu ongafuni ukulala, nodding ekhanda lakhe uthumela imikhonzo yakhe eya indlovu.

esigaba Onegin

Ngokuvamile, yonke imisebenzi imbongi ubhala kwelinye, indlela yakhe ekhethiweyo, usebenzisa noma indandatho noma pair noma cross-imvumelwano. Kodwa Pushkinym Aleksandrom Sergeevichem wethulwa emhlabeni inguqulo yasekuqaleni, okuyinto yokumbonga yabizwa ngokuthi "Ivesi Onegin," njengoba uvele imigqa yokuqala kule noveli "Eugene Onegin". esigaba Onegin siqukethe quatrains amathathu couplet sokugcina. Lapha, kwelinye izinkondlo zakhe zitholakala indandatho ngokushesha imvumelwano, ikamelo umusi, esiphambanweni. Le ndlela usaphila kuze kube yilolu suku, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ababhali imisebenzi olusankondlo usibize ukuze kukhanye ukuveza imizwa yabo nemicabango.

Njengoba isibonelo sikwazi ukuthatha vesi inkulumo ethi "O mama" ngokuphelele eyodwa quatrain okuyinto sesivele wahlola njengesibonelo ozungeza imvumelwano.

mayelana nomama

Angikhohlwa kungani Ngisekhaya,

Ungakhohlwa iphunga unina.

Umama, ngathenga wena rose!

Umama, Ngiyaxolisa, kudaleke umonakalo ...

Yini mina? Vele ukuthi kancane:

Kiss ezandleni esishwabene ...

Ingabe abazi isithukuthezi,

Amandla bangabeki kubo akukho ukukhetha.

Amehlo akhe, kanye bright blue,

Buka isithombe - bloklo blue ...

Izinwele, langa, amahle,

Thinned, baba grey ...

Ungene ngilindelwe lapha embundwini -

Kuphela kancane ngasekupheleni ngi ...

Yokwehlukanisa quatrain lokuqala, kusobala ukuthi abathintekayo ubhala umusi imvumelwano. Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kukhona esetshenziswa assonansnaya imvumelwano lapho ungwaqa kuphela unkamisa umsindo, kodwa bengavumelani.

Empeleni, igama elithi "ikhaya" kanye "bomdabu" Uma unganakile, kunzima ngempela ukubiza imvumelwano. Kodwa elithi 'ikhaya' onkamisa yokugcina unstressed basebuhlotsheni isikhundla ababuthakathaka II, ngakho akunika eyehlisiweyo umsindo "b". Igama elithi "bomdabu" kwenza umsindo efanayo incwadi "o" isikhundla zaudarnoy. Ngokufanayo, ungakwazi ukwenza ukuthi igama elithi "ama-rose" futhi "sekwephuzile". Nokho, lokhu imvumelwano luphakanyiswa lefundziwe "z".

I quatrain yesibili sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi yithi ngenhla: kungashiwo ibhande noma imvumelwano okuvalelwe kuyofikwa. Esikhathini quatrain lwesithathu esetshenziswa cross-imvumelwano. Futhi kokuqeda esigaba Onegin, njengoba kudingwa yi-akhethiwe isitayela couplet.

Lapha kuba into eziyinkimbinkimbi - ukubhala izinkondlo. Kodwa nokho ukufunda ukukhetha imvumelwano kwesokudla, ukhethe indlela zezinkondlo, iphethini Rhythmic bangase bazibone ngisho irobhothi. Kodwa ukutshala engxenyeni umkhiqizo umphefumulo wakhe - kuba ehlombe alulona olwawo wonke umuntu.