Izinkondlo izifundo. Kuyini ODE?

IGrisi yasendulo yaziwa sezincwadi enkulu yayo, ubungcweti, ebaziwe nezinye izinhlobo zobuciko. Kusukela Ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu banikeza omkhulu okuthandayo ngenxa isosha esihlatshelelwayo, okuyinto zivame ukuhambisana umculo. Namuhla, ngamunye wethu uyazi ukuthi ODE, kodwa ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa sezwa onesizotha ElikaDavide ethandwa abalobi. Ngo lasendulo izincwadi uhlobo isosha esihlatshelelwayo wayelihlonipha futhi wabheka esivelele art. Ukuze bendawo kwaba choral ODE ingoma naye evamile grandiloquence, solemnity. Kaningi ungezwa ku imincintiswano, isibonelo, behlonipha onqobile.

KumaRoma umlobi odumile kakhulu kwaba Horace. Yena bale midlalo waveza yonke imizwa nemizwelo, kanye esetshenziswa emisebenzini yakhe tincenye tesakhiwo senkondlo: aeolian. Umlobi idale iqoqo izinkondlo, ngaleso sikhathi lalibizwa ngokuthi "izingoma." Horace ngobuciko ingashintshwa yonke imisebenzi yakhe ukuba Latin futhi wasebenzisa Alcaic. Yingakho i ODE, ingoma abantu kwadingeka cishe kwenani elifanayo. Kamuva, ngo- kwenkathi Baroque, babizwa ngokuthi "ukwakheka lyrical", okuyinto zadalwa ngesitayela okusezingeni eliphezulu nge izigaba Antique.

Umsebenzi wobuciko eRussia

Ivesi (ODE) ayebhekwa ekudalweni ewumbukwane. Ezinsukwini zokuqala kwezincwadi isiRashiya, abalobi abaningi baye bazama okulenza lifike. Lezi zihlanganisa MV Lomonosov, NJENGOBA Pushkin, Nekrasov nabanye abaningi. Kwakumelwe ikakhulukazi izinkondlo elalinikezelwe indlovukazi, umthandi ekuphileni. On umbuzo lokho ODE, kukhona impendulo isobala: omuhle wobuciko, izinkondlo ngohlobo, inkondlo onesizotha okuyinto ozinikele umuntu noma umcimbi. isitayela namanothi kakhulu, sajabula kakhulu, ujabule.

Umlando ukuthuthukiswa kwe-ODE

Kukholakala ukuthi engavamile zemibhalo uvele 500 BC. Ngokokuqala ngqá umsebenzi onjalo eyalotshwa yaseGrisi yasendulo Pindar. Khona-ke akabange esaba naso umqondo ukuthi ODE enjalo, futhi nje wahlabelela amakhosi, aristocrats, onkulunkulu. Kuphela obhekwe classicism European incazelo nkondlo kweqiniso ludaluliwe. Umsunguli uhlobo lyric ubhekwa F. Malebr. Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe, wadumisa neziphathimandla eFrance. Umsebenzi wakhe baqhubeka odumile zh. zh. Russo. ERussia, yileyo ODE, kuqala VA Trediakovskii.

izinhlobo inkondlo

Kakhulu ngokuvamile, le nkondlo ibe onesizotha uhlobo, kodwa kukhona moralizing, elingokomoya nothando iculo. Ngamunye wabo okungukuthi letentelwe kuphumelelisa ethile yalokho, okungukuthi, umfundi noma isilaleli kumele uzizwe ezinye imizwelo. Ngakho imbongi njengoba eqondisa umuntu indlela efanele, noma uzama ukuba iyomtshela imizwa yami. Ngesinye isikhathi ibhekwa njengeBhayibheli ODE ethandwa kakhulu othandekayo wakhe. Yiqiniso, la mavesi babedalelwe ukuncika kuphela eyodwa isilaleli (umfundi) - The Chosen One, le ntokazi zenhliziyo. Yalotshwa nemizwa enjalo, nothando, kwathiwa Kusolwa ungase Ncibilikisa eqhweni komphefumulo womuntu, noma ukumphoqa ukuba ungithethelele zonke izenzo ezimbi. Namuhla izinkondlo zingatholakala kakhulu akuvamile, kodwa they are eqinisweni njengoba abalulekile. Yiqiniso, le nkondlo ngu BC, iyamangalisa futhi eyingqayizivele, kodwa izincwadi ezintsha futhi igcwele lezimanga.