Kwezinye izimo, imithi ngokweqile zifana nokuthela enqunyiwe ingane? Imithi elwa namagciwane izingane ezingaphansi konyaka: ethile yokwelashwa

Nezinye izifo of umzimba wengane akakwazi ukubhekana ngaphandle kosizo izidakamizwa ezinamandla. Nokho, abazali abaningi bakhathazekile sokupha ingane yakho imithi elwa namagciwane ebekwe udokotela. Eqinisweni, uma isetshenziswe ngendlela efanele, ngeke okuhle okuningi kunasesimweni umonakalo, futhi kuzoba nomthelela kwelulama ingane.

Imithi elwa namagciwane: definition

Imithi elwa namagciwane ngokuthi izinto eziphilayo imvelaphi semisynthetic noma yemvelo ukuthi unekhono ukubhubhisa amagciwane noma ukuvimbela ukukhula kwabo. Enza abathile befa-bacterium, kuyilapho ezinye akunangozi ngokuphelele. Nomkhakha we isinyathelo incike ukuzwela eziphilayo.

Injongo yokwamukela

Umthelela kwamaphilisi okuhlose ulwe pathologies ezithathelwanayo kanye virus. Endabeni ngayinye, lezi izidakamizwa kumele akhethwe udokotela ngokuvumelana nobudala ngezimo zesiguli. imithi enjalo ingase nemiphumela engemihle ngesimo dysbiosis zokukhukhumala, iziyaluyalu esithinta izinzwa, nokungezwani komzimba nezinto. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokuvamile iningi non-ukuhambisana nokushintsha kokudla nokufakwa zemithi kanye nemithi isikhathi eside.

Abazali abaningi bacabanga ukuthi nhloboni-antibiotic ukunikeza ingane nge nezifo ezithelelwanayo angase azithole. Ukuzithiba medicate kulokhu akuvunyelwe. Phela amalungiselelo esekelwe tetracyclines kanye sulfonamides practice ezingane alisetshenziswa, kanye nezinye iqembu kwamaphilisi ezinqunyiwe ngaphansi izinkomba esiqinile.

Lapho imithi ngokweqile zifana nokuthela kudingeka izingane?

Imithi ngokweqile zifana nokuthela enqunyiwe ingane uma etiology webhaktheriya lesi sifo, futhi umzimba wehluleka ukubhekana pathogen wedwa. Ukwelashwa ezinye izifo ezingathi sína kwababhemayo eyenziwa ikumodi umile, njalo sigcina ukusabela umzimba wengane ayisiwo umuthi. Iziguli (ikhaya) imvelo imithi elwa namagciwane ekwelapheni izifo "ukukhanya".

Ezinsukwini zokuqala zesifo kuyadingeka ukuze bagcine isimo ingane iphinde ivumele uhlelo umzimba izithathe ukuze ixazulule leyo isifo bebodwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, alikho ikhambi antibiotic iqondiswa. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi imfiva, ukukhwehlela futhi amakhala yisisu akuzona isizathu ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinjalo. Njengoba esungulwe ubunjalo Amagciwane, ungaqala ukwelashwa.

Kuphoqelekile amiswe antibiotic ingane ngoba lezi zifo ezilandelayo:

• Isifo samaphaphu.
• abezindaba otitis olunamandla (kuhlanganise nezingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwezinyanga ezingu-6).
• namathansela ubovu.
• Olunamandla (ubovu) futhi sinusitis ezingamahlalakhona.
• Paratonzillit.
• esithathelwanayo uhlelo urinary.
• ukuvuvukala emaphashini.

Ukucinana kwemigudu yomoya emaphashini Neutral iphathwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane is hhayi Kunconywa. Kuphela emva isiqinisekiso webhaktheriya udokotela isifo omsakazo ukukhethela ofiselekayo iqembu amalungiselelo futhi linikeza umthamo lwemithi.

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa acute izifo zokuphefumula egazini izingane ngezilapha magciwane

izifo sibi zokuphefumula ezibangelwa ama-virus, ayikwazi ziphathwe elwa namagciwane. Lokhu ukwelashwa ngeke nje kusilimaze umzimba ezincane. Lena esiphethweni abelaphi emsebenzini. Ngeshwa, abazali abaningi musa ulalele umbono wezazi abafanelekayo futhi ufunde nabangani, okuyinto imithi elwa namagciwane ingaba izingane umkhuhlane.

Ukulwa namagciwane imithi elwa namagciwane abanamandla nje Awukajoyini amagciwane. Kuyinto kunalokho kunzima ukunquma, Ngakho-ke, kudingeka ukuba ziqashwe phakathi lesi sifo ngokudipha wezingane. Uma ingane ubuyela lokushisa eliphezulu, kukhuphuke ukukhwehlela, kukhona foci yokugula okungapheli (namathansela, pyelonephritis), angagcina izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ku isizinda acute nezifo zokuphefumula.

Abazali abakungabazayo ukuthi ukunikeza le antibiotic ingane ngisho nangemva kokuba udokotela enquma kufanele baqaphele ukuthi kwezinye izimo lezi imithi ebalulekile ekunciphiseni izimpawu zesifo kanye okusheshayo yokutakula ingane. Ngemva isifo ezithuthukisiwe nge eziyingozi.

Ukuphumelela kwamaphilisi yezifo engenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula

Esengumntwana webhaktheriya engenhla izifo zokuphefumula zivamile futhi ngokuvamile endaweni ethile ezithweni eziseduze. Lokhu kunengxenye ekwenzeni indawo yabo yokwakheka. Ngokuvamile ezinganeni izimpawu obusobala angina, sinusitis, pharyngitis kanye nabezindaba otitis. Njengoba kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini, udokotela kufanele antibiotic ingane kuye ukubekezelelana ngabanye kanye nobudala lesiguli. imithi kusukela iqembu evame ukusetshenziswa cephalosporins ( "Cefotaxime" "Supraks"), penicillins ( "Flemoxin Solutab", "Augmentin"), macrolides ( "Sumamed", "Vilprafen").

ukusetshenziswa eside izidakamizwa kubangele ukuba umlutha (ukumelana), nokuzwela ke uzonyamalala amagciwane. Ngakho-ke, inani eliphezulu ezingu-14 yokwelashwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane akuvunyelwe kwenziwe. Uma umphumela zokwelapha ayibonakali ngemva kwamahora angu-48, esikhundleni ngomunye imithi, ucabangela ukuhambisana owedlule.

Ukwelapha izifo emathunjini ezinganeni ngezilapha magciwane

Izingane ngokushesha sithathe ezihlukahlukene izifo emathunjini, okungabangela nje amagciwane kuphela kodwa futhi amagciwane. Lapho kubalulekile ukuba aphathe isifo esibangelwe igciwane, ngakho ama-antibiotic asetshenziselwa: "Amoxicillin", "Cephalexin". Basuke ebekiwe kuncike hlobo lwegciwane. Futhi usebenzisa ama-antibiotic enteroseptiki "Enterofuril", "nifuratel".

Imithi elwa namagciwane ukuze izinsana

Amasosha omzimba ngayo lapho usana akakwazi ukubonisa "kuhlasela" kwamagciwane. It sinikeza ukuvikelwa ngokukhethekile kwezindawo ibele, kodwa uma umntwana namanje wacosha isifo esibangelwe igciwane, ungudokotela yezingane kumele antibiotic. Izingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa kuvame anqunyiwe izidakamizwa uma ukuphathwa akukuniki imiphumela emihle 3-5 izinsuku, kodwa uma izifo ezingathi sína kwababhemayo (ukutheleleka meningococcal, ubovu namathansela, izifo ezingelapheki) kudinga ingayala ukusetshenziswa kwabo).

Ukulimaza noma bazuze?

izidakamizwa banamuhla bangasebenzisa balwe nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye umonakalo okungenani emzimbeni kancane. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ungakwazi "uma kwenzeka nje" ukunikeza imithi elwa namagciwane ukuze izingane. Singakwazi yini ukuphila ngaphandle le mithi? Impendulo kuyadida, njengoba abanye ochwepheshe zinombono ukuthi imithi kufanele kwenziwe ngaphandle grudnichka antibiotic. Abazali kudingeka ziqonde ukuthi kuleli cala, angagcina nemiphumela emibi ngendlela efanayo ukuthi eminye ukulimaza impilo womntwana. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba ngokwanele ukuhlola isimo futhi awuvezi ingane yakho engozini.

Dedela amafomu kwamaphilisi

Kuye engu-abasha imithi elwa namagciwane nesineke kungenzeka esinikezwa ukumiswa (isiraphu), amaphilisi, noma imijovo. Inketho yokugcina isetshenziswa ngaphansi izifo ezinzima endaweni esibhedlela. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu i isiraphu. Okufakwe ne ibhodlela njalo yokulinganisa spoon, okufaneleyo ukubala umthamo izidakamizwa futhi ukunikeza ingane. Ngokuba ukulungiswa ukumiswa esetshenziswa powder okuyinto buhlanjululwe ngamanzi ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.

Nomaphi lapho ifomu zomuthi engakaze esimisiwe ukukhululwa, kubalulekile ukuba banamathele ngokuqinile izincomo udokotela yezingane futhi athobele umthamo kanye isikhathi sokwelashwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane. Phazamisa imithi akuvunyelwe. Kuyadingeka ukuba bacedzela ngalokucwebe tifundvo kwamaphilisi uzophulukiswa ephelele ukutheleleka.

Ikhala lehla ngemithi elwa namagciwane

Popular baleli qembu yilabo antibiotic amathonsi "Izofra" futhi "Polydex". Akunjalo neze kugomela izicelo zabo nge rhinitis elula, njengoba abanye abazali. rhinitis okunobuthi asilapheki zindlela. ENT kufanele uchaze lapho kubalulekile sebenzisa antibiotic ezinganeni.

Lokwelapha izingane ezinezimo amathonsi izingxenye elwa namagciwane ulungisiswa kuphela uma rhinitis ubovu, okuyinto eyenzeka ngo-izingane awavamile. Ngezinye izikhathi ingasatshenziswa ekwelapheni otitis, sinusitis, sinusitis. "Polydex" ayingxenye ye isakhi hormone, ngakho yokunika leli imithi kungaba udokotela. "Izofra" buyisidakamizwa ephephile, polymer-based, ingasetshenziswa ukwelapha izingane ngisho esanda kwenziwa.

Kanjani ukunikeza imithi elwa namagciwane ukuze izingane?

Okokuqala, kufanele aphathwe ngokuvumelana udokotela womntwana sika. Imithi elwa namagciwane ingane ngaphansi kweso okuqinile omdala. Ngeke esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umuthi ukuthi selaphe ngempumelelo izingane kwabangane nezihlobo zakho. Zonke izingane ahlukile, futhi lesi sifo angase abe omsakazo ezahlukene. isiqinisekiso of lwegciwane webhaktheriya noma fungal kuphela uqoke lezi zimali.

Ekwelapheni izingane ngemithi elwa namagciwane kubalulekile ukugcina imithetho elandelayo:

• Thatha kuphela imithi Kunconywa ezingane.
• Landela Isikali ebekiwe.
• Qaphelisisani kaningi kwama-antibiotic.
• Ukuthatha imithi ngokuvumelana umyalelo - ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla.
• Nikeza ingane embhedeni imodi.
• Ngokuvamile ukubeka umntwana osanda kuzalwa ukuba isifuba.
• Izingane ezindadlana kumele inikezwe amaningi isiphuzo.
• Uma kukhona intuthuko noma okuvela ukusabela ezingezinhle kumele kubikwe kudokotela wakho.
• Hamba zonke ukwelashwa akusho ukuphazamisa kusengaphambili.

Imiphumela kwamaphilisi

Amalungiselelo nge isenzo elwa namagciwane kungaletha hhayi kuphela ukwelapha lesi sifo, kodwa futhi umonakalo emzimbeni encane. Okokuqala, abazali besaba okunye ukwelashwa of dysbiosis. Ngempela, izingane zethu ngokulandelana antibiotic ungase ukuthole lokhu isifo ezingemnandi, kuphazamisa ku emathunjini microflora, ukuqunjelwa, uhudo, ukubuyisa, ukuvuvukala. Ochwepheshe bathi kuhambisana izincomo ingozi yesifo ancipha kakhulu.

Ukwakhiwa-antibiotic kungabangela ukusabela kabi komzimba izingane ngesimo ukuqubuka esikhumbeni (dermatitis), isicanucanu, inzululwane, evutha ukuzwa ku ekhaleni (usebenzisa amathonsi), palpitations, candidiasis ku mucosa ngomlomo, ukushaqeka anaphylactic. Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa amathuba okuba nemiphumela engemihle, kumele uthobele yokusetshenziswa kwemithi kanye okwalandela udokotela usebenzisa imithi elwa namagciwane enqunyiwe ingane. Uma lezi zimpawu kudingeka ngokuphuthumayo ukufuna usizo lodokotela.

Nokuvulwa isidumbu sengane emva kokwelashwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane

Abazali kufanele ungesabi kwamaphilisi ebekiwe kanjani lesi sifo ezinganeni, futhi benza konke abangakwenza ukuze asekele umzimba ngesikhathi yokwelapha kanye ngemva kokuqedwa kwalo. Izingane eziba ibele, kumele ngokuvamile ozofakwa esifubeni. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuba kudume esiswini bacterium awusizo eziqukethwe ubisi. Uma ingane - bottle-, ngeke ikoloni emathunjini usebenzisa imithi aqukethe bifidobacteria. Lokhu "Linex", "Hilak Forte", "Bifidumbacterin". Baby emva imithi elwa namagciwane ukuthatha kufanele zithole inqwaba imikhiqizo yobisi ukudla ngendlela efanele.

Uma ukusabela iguliswa kwenzeka, kumele uyeke umuthi namaphesenti ukunikeza ingane i antihistamine, "Loratadine", "Diazolin" "Claritin". Gwema imiphumela engadingeki yokwelapha ngemithi elwa namagciwane ingasetshenziswa kuphela lapho enikeza ingane yakho nemithi oyinikezwe udokotela, futhi ukuqapha ukusabela komzimba esenzweni yabo.