Lapho ukutshala umquba oluhlaza for engadini? Kuhle umquba oluhlaza for engadini

Iqiniso lokuthi phansi isikhathi eside abakwazi ukushiya evulekile, kodwa ukwazi okhokho bethu. Khaya "Bambe e-oats kanye rye - thatha sokuvuna enkulu" kunesizathu esihle. abalimi abanolwazi azi kahle ukuthi kwesokunxele ngokuthi "enqunu" ngisho amasonto ambalwa, inhlabathi iqala ukushintsha isakhiwo yayo akuyona okungcono futhi ekhungethwe yindlala. izindawo Ukudalulwa cishe ngokushesha "hlala" nokhula, edonsa emhlabathini amanzi ayo zokugcina. Ukuze ugweme le nkinga, "enqunu" iziza futhi iziza inoculated ngesikhathi isitshalo ekhethekile okuthiwa oluhlaza-manures. Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo eziningana.

Sebenzisa amasiko asizayo

umquba oluhlaza for engadini kungenziwa itshalwe njengoba empeleni ezindaweni ezivulekile komhlaba, futhi njengoba isiko ahlobene. sici yabo ehlukile uhlelo impande kakhulu evuthiwe. Lokhu kunquma umphumela wabo ozuzisayo emhlabathini. Ifinyelela inhliziyo ngokujulile enhlabathini, izimpande manures oluhlaza hhayi kuphela ukuliqaqa, kodwa wadonsa phezulu ezingqimbeni engezansi namaminerali ewusizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo ezihlukahlukene kuthuthukisa kanzima phansi emoyeni futhi isihlabathi is uvikelwe lokubola. Green mass umquba oluhlaza ngomzuzwana ezithile bafa futhi wangcwatshwa emhlabathini. Esikhathini esizayo, isebenze njengofakazi iwumthombo omuhle kakhulu ukudla izitshalo engadini. Ngakho izinzuzo usebenzisa lezi amasiko asizayo zingaba zinkulu kakhulu.

Kuhle umquba oluhlaza for engadini

Ngokuvamile, ukuba ngcono inhlabathi izingadi atshale, izitshalo ezilandelayo:

• lupins;

• Phacelia;

• ukudlwengula;

• ukudlwengula;

• nokunye okufana nokolweni;

• isithombo oilseed;

• rye.

isikhathi sokutshala

Ngokuvamile kutshalwe umquba oluhlaza for engadini ekwindla - ngemva kokuvuna. Oku-sayithi bahlanza of ukhula, khulula futhi kuqondaniswe ngokucophelela. Uma wayefisa, isiko kanye isitshalo entwasahlobo asizayo. Nokho, lapho kutshalwe May Kufanele kukhethwe ekuseni ukukhula izinhlobonhlobo zezilimo. Izithombo kulokhu ibekwe ngqo okutshalwe umquba oluhlaza.

lupin

Lesi sitshalo iyona engcono kunazo umquba oluhlaza for engadini mhlawumbe. It kungokwalabo umndeni imidumba. esiwuphawu Sici Its main akuyona kwaphela kakhulu, kodwa futhi uhlelo eside impande. Iqiniso ukuthi lupin kungcono kakhulu kunezinye umquba eziningi oluhlaza kuthuthukisa umhlabathi obalulekile izakhi mkhondo ezifana nitrogen, potassium ne phosphorus, kuye kwaphawulwa isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpande umquba oluhlaza uthole izakhi zabo ukujula okukhulu kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa izingqimba engenhla.

Ngokuvamile, lupin ehlwanyelwe enhlabathini ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Oku kusayithi oqokiwe ngaphansi isitshalo, ukwenza transheyki engajulile futhi ngokucophelela abaphonse ngamanzi. Base seeded zokutshala impahla. Ibanga phakathi imigqa lupin kufanele kube ngu-15 cm, phakathi izitshalo ngabanye - 7 cm.

Iimveke emva kokutshala utshani is mowed futhi wangcwatshwa emhlabathini at 6-8 cm. Nquma isikhathi lo msebenzi kulula. Lupin kumele avele efihlekile.

siderate Phacelia

Yimaphi amanye isitshalo ezinhle umquba oluhlaza for engadini? Ibe isilandelwa emva lupin ukuthandwa ukuthi lolu hlobo isiko njengoba Phacelia. Inzuzo yayo eyinhloko kubhekwa ukuthi likhula ngokushesha kakhulu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo buthelela omningi mass oluhlaza. Futhi, lesi umquba oluhlaza zenani ukuze kube lula. Ukuze uthuthukise Stony abampofu kanye nenhlabathi sandy Phacelia elingana kahle nje.

Plant yaleli kwezitshalo kungaba ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Imbewu Phacelia encane kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho pre-exutshwe isihlabathi. I elikhulu embedment zokutshala impahla ukujula - 2-3 cm, futhi ukugeleza rate - 150-200 g sq.m. ngayinye Sika phacelia ngezinyanga ezimbili emva ayihlwanyelayo ngesikhathi zezimbali esindayo.

Indlela ukutshala colza nokudlwengula

Lezi umquba oluhlaza for engadini siwuhlobo iklabishi. Ngenxa improver inhlabathi ukuze best ehlobo ukudlwengula kanye oilseed ukudlwengula bazibonakalise, basuke itshalwe, kungakangeni ubusika. Ngokuvamile, lezi izitshalo yesibili elisetshenziswa amazambane kwesabelo namasimu okusanhlamvu. Izinzuzo main zihlanganisa colza precocity kanye nekhono ukuze baphumelele nenhlabathi kancane esidi amanzi. Ukudlwengula is ngokushesha kakhulu ukuthola mass aluhlaza futhi obukhulu green.

Ukuhlwanyela umquba oluhlaza ngo-August noma Septhemba. Oku-anemifantu emhlabathini wenza ka 1.5-2 cm ibanga phakathi imigqa ukujula kufanele kube ngu-15 cm zokutshala colza nokudlwengula - .. 150-200 c. ku ikhulu.

nokunye okufana nokolweni umquba oluhlaza

Le nsiza isitshalo ngokuvamile otshalwa ngaphansi kwezihlahla izithelo kanye nezihlahla. zako ezisemqoka zihlanganisa iqiniso ukuthi ngokuphelele bome inhlabathi, futhi isisindo salo oluhlaza kuthuthukisa umhlabathi ne izakhi mkhondo ezibalulekile ezifana phosphorus kanye potassium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nokunye okufana nokolweni ingenye Champions of ukukhula. Ngaphambi ukugunda umquba oluhlaza has lesikhathi sokwakha eziningi ukuphakama oluhlaza kwesigamu imitha, futhi izimpande kuze kufinyelele 1.5 m. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitshalo nasemihlane nenhlabathi badla imbuya ngothi kanti esidi suppresses kahle ukhula, kuhlanganise wheatgrass. Ngo ukulima futhi kuvimbela wireworms.

Izinga kwesicelo nokunye okufana nokolweni imbewu at zokutshala - 600 g sq.m. ngayinye Kunconywa ukuba nihlwanyele kuze May, ngoba lesi sitshalo kuyinto thermophilic. Ukutshala Kwenziwa nokunye okufana nokolweni imigqa nge ububanzi ka-15 cm. Imbewu wangcwatshwa umhlabathi 2-3 cm. Sika nokunye okufana nokolweni ngaphambi zom. Green mass ingxenye ingezwe dropwise enhlabathini kumuntu ka-15 cm, kancane kwesokunxele phezu ukujula.

Sebenzisa njengenda rye umquba oluhlaza

Lokhu kuthuthukisa isitshalo phansi ezifana wusizo engadini, horticultural nakwezolimo izitshalo micronutrients ezifana nitrogen ne-potassium. Njengoba rye ingasetshenziswa sokulungiswa kabusha komhlaba ngemuva elinegciwane nematode amazambane.

Uma abanikazi indawo owufunayo ezinhle ebusika umquba oluhlaza for engadini, lesi sitshalo kungaba cishe ekahle. Rye Kuhlwanyelwa kusukela maphakathi no-August kuya ekuqaleni kuka-September. Izinga lokusebenza imbewu ke - mayelana 600 g sq.m. ngayinye

Siderate oilseed isithombo

Lokhu siderate bakwazi ukwandisa njengoba impande obukhulu noma mass oluhlaza. Inzuzo enkulu isithombo oilseed kubhekwa ukuthi muhle kuthuthukisa umhlabathi ne-nitrogen eningi fertilizer. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uyakwazi ukucindezela ukuthuthukiswa komhlaba kuzo zonke izinhlobo Amagciwane. Ukuhlwanyela umquba oluhlaza ngokuvamile ekuqaleni kuka-August. Ukusetshenziswa imbewu yayo kufanele azungeze 30-40 amagremu per 10 m2. I elikhulu seal ukujula - 2-3 cm.

Kakhulu ngokuvamile oilseed isithombo etshalwe icebo njengoba umquba oluhlaza lihambisana entwasahlobo wicca noma ezinye imidumba. Kulokhu, ekuqongeleleni nitrogen enhlabathini usubuzwa nakakhulu.

Imithetho eyisisekelo green umquba lokubikezela

Zonke umquba oluhlaza, njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla, ngokuvamile etshalwe imigqa. Kodwa ungasebenzisa enye, indlela elula kakhudlwana. Kulokhu, imbewu nje exutshwe isihlabathi endaweni 1x1 aspect ratio futhi aphonse enkundleni. Nokho, nale ndlela iyunifomu zokutshala ayikwazanga kwenzeke. umquba oluhlaza sikhule esikhathini esizayo ngisho ne sakhaphethi obukhulu, enkundleni imbewu sikhuntile kumelwe ibhekane a hala. Labo wanquma ukusebenzisa umquba oluhlaza for engadini, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kudingeka ulungiselele futhi abanye isigubungelo impahla okungezona nokwelukiweyo. Lokhu kungaba, isibonelo, amagatsha ngesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi. Ngezinye imbewu kwesigaba avaliwe zivikelwe ngokugcwele kusuka izinyoni, okuyizinto engakwenqeni bayidle njalo.

imithetho Ukukhetha

Ngenxa umquba oluhlaza kungaba yisiphi afanelekile isiko. Nokho, lapho ekhetha kufanele ulandele umthetho eyodwa elula. Zitshalwa siderates ingxenye njengoba kokumethemba ingadi izitshalo bomkhaya nabo akuvunyelwe. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, ukudlwengula noma nokunye okufana nokolweni ayikwazi ukuhlwanyela lapho kamuva luyokhula amahlumela noma beet. Cereal umquba oluhlaza for engadini ngokuvamile esetshenziswa on nenhlabathi ezisindayo Cleckley ngoba ziba ngcono zabo.

Ungasebenzisi umquba efanayo green ngonyaka endaweni nonyaka. Buyisela inhlabathi okuzala ngempumelelo ngangokunokwenzeka, nje eziba lezi amasiko. Futhi-ke, ayikwazi izitshalo elisizayo eliqhubekayo iziza kuze kufinyelele izimbali. Young umquba oluhlaza beveled kangcono, futhi mass aluhlaza ocebile zonke izinhlobo namaminerali.

Ngakho, lapho sathola khona ukuthi wena umquba oluhlaza for engadini. Lapho ukutshala lezi zitshalo, futhi yini izinhlobo ukukhetha okungcono, njengoba manje ukwazi. Injwayelo yokufuna ukuba lolu hlobo kuyasiza kakhulu ngcono isimo somhlabathi, awuvikele ukhula wenze efanelekayo okuningi ukutshala izitshalo engadini. Kodwa-ke, uma kuphela ngokunemba ubuchwepheshe kokwehla.