Lapho yokuthi kwakungekho Zinikeleni Germany?

Uma ucele omunye umfundi ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union, lapho kwakukhona yokubuyiswa eJalimane, impendulo isobala: Meyi 9, 1945. Kodwa ngisho ngalolusuku celebration kuphela phakathi kwabantu bakithi, futhi lonke izwe sizogubha ukuphela kwempi ngoMeyi 8. Isizathu salokho - inombolo yezinto ezenzeka ngoMeyi izinsuku Reims, lapho igunyaza lo Zinikeleni Germany.

Ngemva Hitler ngokuzithandela zidlulile Apreli 30, 45, amandla wayiswa Doenitz jikelele. Yena, njenganoma yimuphi omunye umuntu, wayazi ukuthi eJalimane asisakwazi ukumelana ukumelana amabutho azihlanganisa, ekupheleni eduze zwe. Wayazi ukuthi amabutho aseJalimane kukhona behave ezahlukene kakhulu ezifundeni ezinabantu. Ngokwesibonelo, amaNazi zibulawa abantu abayizinkulungwane 200 eFrance. Lena inombolo omkhulu, kodwa kwaba ngaphansi kuka-1% abantu abalahlekelwe labantu e eSoviet Union. Ngakho-ke, ubuholi ka-Third Reich ngokunengqondo esatshwe retribution ukuphuma ngaphansi kweSoviet Union. Ngokwe izinhlelo Doenitz, le Zinikeleni German wawuzoqhutshwa ngaphambi nje umbimbi Western iziboshwa zempi, izikhali kanye ukulawula insimu waya emasosheni baseNgilandi US

Njengoba sifeza lesi uhlelo, ngo-May 4 ngaphambi amabutho aseBrithani Field Marshal Montgomery umaluju amabutho aseJalimane ngo ntshonalanga eJalimane futhi eDenmark, kwase kuthi ngo-May 5 ku amaMelika owayezinikele isihe amaqembu German eBavaria nezisentshonalanga Austria. Ngakho Doenitz baxoxisana umbimbi Western ngokunikeza ukwamukela umaluju futhi amabutho amathathu laseJalimane Eastern Front, ngaleso sikhathi elwa ne iRed Army.

Nokho, umyalo zamabutho Allied ishiywe kulesi siphakamiso futhi unolwazi ohlangothini Soviet isiphakamiso German. German Jikelele Alfred Jodl kufika ku Meyi 6 endlunkulu ye umbimbi wamaNgisi namaMelika ukungena ngemvume nesenzo yokubuyiswa lonke ibutho sokubusa kwamaNazi. Nokho, Jikelele Eisenhower ifomu sasivumela eqinile nakho ngeke kusize wenqabile ukwamukela umaluju, ethi amasosha kumele anikeze lapho okwamanje. Futhi uma amabutho aseJalimane kusuka Eastern Front ozonquma ukuya West, hhayi ukuze ethunjwa ohlangothini Soviet, ibutho azihlanganisa uvimbela wemboni yayo ngaphambili futhi singavumeli ukunyakaza okunjalo

Doenitz Jodl ngamthumelela izimo babegwedla umbimbi. Wanikeza kwamandla ajwayelekile okugcwele asayinde umaluju ngaphandle kwemibandela. Ekuqaleni, kwasayinwa isenzo kuhlelwe 7 Meyi kugamanxa ubusuku obubili.

omele Permanent endlunkulu ye umbimbi kuthabathela ecaleni laseSoviet Jikelele Ivan Susloparov. Ngesikhathi izinkulumo wayekhona, kodwa ukulandelana enjalo ngokushesha izenzakalo ngokusobala ayengakulindele. Wayengenaso isiqondiso njengoba ukwenza usesimweni esifana. Susloparov idokhumenti ethunyelwe eMoscow, kodwa ngesikhathi impendulo esimisiwe eside ngiyithole. Ngakho wanquma ukuthatha isinyathelo ngentando yakho. Susloparov wavumelana ngemvume nesenzo umaluju phezu ingxenye umyalo Soviet, kodwa nomunye isichibiyelo: idokhumenti kwadingeka ukuba bafake into ukuphindaphindwa yalowo mkhosi ukusayina ngesicelo kunoma yimaphi amazwe azihlanganisa.

Sokunikela kwemibandela eJalimane ngo-May 7 isakhiwo ekolishi Reims ebusuku, kweyesi-2 ezimpondweni imizuzu 41. Manje kuba isakhiwo elincane elibomvu - Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe sokunikela. I Zinikeleni Germany usayine Jikelele Smith egameni umbimbi wamaNgisi namaMelika, Jikelele Seveso egameni France, Jikelele Susloparov egameni eSoviet Union futhi ojenene Friedeburg futhi Jodl egameni eJalimane.

Ngokusho idokhumenti, bonke abantu e-Germany zaziyoqedwa zonke isinyathelo sezempi e amahora 23 nesikhathi sendawo ngo-May 8, 1945. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi iMpi Yezwe ngokusemthethweni iphelile.

Lapho Susloparov unolwazi eMoscow ukuthi amaJalimane ecela umaluju olungenamkhawulo okwenzeka, wayefundile ukuthi ngaphambili wayekade odiwe hhayi ngemvume nanoma yimiphi imibhalo.

Iqiniso lokuthi sokunikela esayinwe Reims, kakhulu ukumcasula uStalin. Yena kufanele wayekholelwa ukuthi kwakuwumsebenzi abantu baseSoviet babhekana ukulahlekelwa omkhulu kunayo yonke futhi ngaleyo ndlela kwaba nendima ebaluleke kakhulu kuleli ukunqoba, ngakho alindele leso senzakalo esingokomlando ukuze kwenzeke ngaphambi yokubuyiswa abahlaseli-inhloko yazo zonke amazwe onqobayo, hhayi nje phambi umyalo oMfelandawonye. Nge okufunwa Stalin, bonke bavumelana, idokhumenti ngemvume Reims, kwanqunywa ukuba ucabangele ukuthethwa kwecala. Iziphakamiso eziyisisekelo kwakuwukulungisa ungene ngemvume Berlin phakathi kobusuku Meyi 9.

Nokho, ukudideka udaliwe. Ekuqaleni, ukunqoba okukhulu babehlele ukumemezela e izihloko ezintathu zamandla azihlanganisa - Moscow, Washington, nase-London ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwi Western Front amaJalimane ulandela izimo soMthetho futhi ukuba kuphele izimpi, futhi ukulwa East ne iRed Army kwaqhubeka waze Meyi 9.

umsakazo German isivele iphethwe okumemezela ukumisa empini ngo-May 7, ngakho oMfelandawonye ayikwazanga sengathi akukaze kwenzeke lutho. Ngehora lesithupha ekuseni kusihlwa ngo-May 7, Churchill zilethwe ikheli umsakazo kubantu bakhe, uhalalisele ukunqoba British. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwi isenzakalo esivelele kakhulu sifundile futhi izakhamuzi US.

Ngo-USSR, izindaba ngokunqoba ezamenyezelwa kuphela emva ukusayinwa induna inhlanganiso Berlin nangemva kokuqala sokunikela mass zamabutho isiJalimane Eastern Front - Meyi 9, 1945. Lolu suku owawuqondene Victory Day abantu baseSoviet sika.