Likuphi uVladimir sika Cathedral (eChersonese)?

Umuzi wasendulo Chersonesos - inqolobane zomlando okutheni obaluleke kakhulu ezweni. Itholakala kwi insimu ka Sevastopol, futhi iyindawo lapho zamukelwa kabanzi ezinkolweni liye lasakazekela wonke eRussia. Ukwamukelwa ubuKristu ngokubhubhisa Prince uVladimir owawusedolobheni lombhishobhi, amanxiwa zazo eziye zatholwa abavubukuli lapho kumbiwa e Chersonesos (Korsun).

imivubukulo

survey yemivubukulo e-Bay Ahtiarskoy waqala phakathi nesikhathi Prince Potemkin, yakhishwa okokuqala alethwe isigaba wakhe Russian. Ngokusho isimemezelo baqala ukwakha inqaba of Sevastopol, anibizela Akhtiar. Amanxiwa enhlonhlweni idonse isithakazelo esikhulu phakathi mlando nezingqapheli romantics, futhi abakhi esisebenzayo. Omunye wahlola amanxiwa asendulo, lona wamuva adiliza kwezindonga zamatshe ezakhiweni ezintsha.

Ngo 1799, uPawulu Sumarokov wabhala: "... ke kwathathwa zemabula, itshe, izinsika, cornices. Sevastopol zonke lent kuze kube sekugcineni itshana sidilizwa eChersonese ... Ngo Hersonissos Akhtiar bemba zonke izivunulo zabo. " Abavakashi, ababusi, abalobi wazwakalisa ngokubhujiswa komuzi wasendulo, mhlawumbe isibonelo lokuqala nokucindezelwa umbono weningi ku izakhiwo isimo. Ngo-1805, uMbusi u-Alexander I wakhipha isimemezelo owawuyala ukuvikela Tauris lasendulo iphathe. Lokho akuzange kumyekise ngokuphelele yonke ukweba, kodwa kakhulu ziyancipha isikali yabo.

Gcogca ubuye uhlela eChersonese lasendulo waqala ngo 1803. Ngesikhathi isinyathelo Marquis de unqamule wavula Museum encane ngaphansi Aegis of the state, okuyinto uthola zobuciko ezivela emhlabeni wonke, kuhlanganise kusukela oLwandle Olumnyama. Kamuva, ngo-1839, ukuthi lwenziwe Yihhovisi Odessa Society of Umlando futhi Antiquities, elimalungu alo ngenkuthalo bafuna iminonjana Orthodox emikhawulweni yonke yakwa-oLwandle Olumnyama.

Imisebenzi abahlanganyeli inkampani ukuhlola kwezemivubukulo Tauris lasendulo yabakhanga abaholi benkolo, futhi ngawo-1850 Tsar Nicholas ngavuma ukubuyiselwa amathempeli lasendulo. Ngenxa yalokho, indlu yezindela wavulwa ensimini ka komnikazi. Ebhekisela yesandla, izindela babe imivubukulo unhurried futhi zatholwa abantu ngomdlandla. Omunye wabo kwakungu-Bala Uvarov, imisebenzi yakhe satholakala sokukhulekela ngobukhulu sakudala yamatshe kahle walondoloza. Kuvikelwe umsebenzi okunye kwaqala, omunye ngemva komunye Russian-Turkish kanye neMpi YaseCrimea.

Cathedral Bookmark

Phakathi ukuzivikela lokuqala Sevastopol (iminyaka 1854-1855) cloisters matasa amabutho isiFulentshi, ukuhlomisa ukulwa izikhundla zabo lapha. Ngesikhathi ukukhululwa kuzo zonke izakhiwo baqothulwa shelling. Ukuhlola lonke eChersonese emva zonke isinyathelo sezempi wabonisa ukuthi umonakalo wayengekho omkhulu njengoNkulunkulu obekulindelekile.

Ukubuyiselwa Isigodlo kwenzeka kuphela ngemva kweMpi YaseCrimea, le wesigodlo ka wezindela kwaba Archimandrite Eugene. ukukhathazeka kwakhe ezakhiwa amasonto amabili, Refectory, ehhotela, isakhiwo wompristi, izindlu. Archimandrite wakwazi nentshisekelo asebukhosini ekuthuthukiseni ikusasa yesigodlo.

Ngo-1861, uMbusi u-Alexander II waletha izinsalela lezindela eSt Prince uVladimir wenza umnikelo omkhulu ukulahlwa insimbi wafika walala itshe kuqala ekwakheni ikusasa lombhishobhi uVladimir (eChersonese). Ukwakhiwa waqala esakhiweni esikhulu sokukhulekela ubudala, sitholwe Ukubala Uvarov, lapho, ngokuvumelana ezicatshangwayo, abuye saint ukuthi Rus abhapathizwe.

ukwakhiwa

Cathedral St uVladimir e-eChersonese lakhiwa umakhi D. I. Grimma. Wakhetha esiqinile isitayela WaseByzantium ibandla njengoba iwuphawu ngokuqhubeka phakathi amasiko amabili futhi inkolo eyodwa. Ukwakhiwa kancane. I imali lombhishobhi eqoqwe okhokhelwayo yonkana Russia iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu. Ukuqala ukwakhiwa kwemisebenzi waqala ngo-1861 futhi waqhubeka kwaze 1892.

Izindonga ezakhiwa emhlabeni amanxiwa lwethempeli lasendulo. Zonke isikhala esibalulekile phansi embozwe grey Carrara zemabula, ukufihla isisekelo lasendulo ngaphansi kwaso. Endaweni lapho okuhlatshelwa khona kwatholakala ifonti, lapho, ngokusho legend, khona kwaba ubhapathizo zenkosi isiRashiya, sebeqedile ifaka zamatshe amhlophe, uyibeka ngendlela i cross-Orthodox. Ngaphambi ifonti eyayibekwe etafuleni, kuhloswe ukubeka izinsalela St Prince uVladimir. Ifonti etafuleni abangu evikelwe ngehele ezibaziweyo eyenziwe ngemabula.

Ngesikhathi kwaqedwa Cathedral St uVladimir sika (eChersonese) wayengomunye lamathempeli amakhulu kunawo yeRussia, futhi kubalulekile empilweni yokomoya aphakeme amathempeli amaningi.

Ibandla aphansi

Ngemva ukwakhiwa kwathatha iminyaka eminingi ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi owaqala umhlobiso angaphakathi St uVladimir sika Cathedral (eChersonese). Umlando we esigabeni sokugcina isakhiwo sesonto waqala kuphela bangaphambi 900th engu ukugubha we Ukubhapathizwa Russia. Ngasekuqaleni kuka-imikhosi odongeni Umdwebo wayengakaqedi ngenxa yalesi sizathu ngo-1888 linikezelwa kuphela esontweni ephansi anikezelwe kukaJesu Blessed Virgin Mary, lapho wonke umsebenzi usuphelile bese usetha ezibaziweyo iconostasis sokhuni Umqophi abadumile V Koretsky.

Umsebenzi ukuthweswa umqhele zamatshe-bezihlahla baba isikhumbuzo Prince uVladimir, wenza lemabula efakwe esontweni aphansi. Masters engawayekanga amabutho kanye izinsalela Carrara zemabula 'wabafundi' abalekelela emanxiweni ethempelini asendulo etholakala esontweni aphansi.

Usebenza e-sesonto

Ibandla emaphakathi babegadwe wezakhiwo N. Chagin. Imidwebo babulawa collective abaculi, phakathi kwabo A. KORZUKHIN, Prokofiev, Makin nezinye ingaphakathi ehlotshiswe imisebenzi ngabaculi kwekhulu le-19 -. FN Riesz, TA Neff, lombhishobhi Levitan et al. Icons zalotshelwa E.Sorokinym, Maikov N. et al.

Finishing zamatshe by izingcweti Italian nabafowabo Baskarini J. Skeppi. Babeka phansi KaMose sesonto, iconostasis eqoqwe walungisa balustrade zemabula eduze solea, futhi kukhulu akufeza nezinye imisebenzi kukhonkolo noma etsheni. Ukuze umhlobiso wayezikhandla nemali esiyisebenzisa Carrara zemabula, ekubeka ubuchwepheshe inlay olukhethekile izingcezu ezinemibala. Ngokusho ofakazi, ubuhle bekungaphezu kokuvamile.

yokwahlukaniselwa isonto engenhla zenzeka ngo-1891, kodwa kuphelele lokugcina yonke umhlobiso ingaphakathi yaqedwa eminyakeni emithathu kuphela - ngo-1894-m. Kwesokudla ngaphandle lombhishobhi lanikezelwa behlonipha Aleksandra Nevskogo e 1892, kwesokunxele - behlonipha St. Andreya Pervozvannogo. Inani elikhulu abahambela izindawo ezingcwele bathutheleka ukuze Cathedral entsha St uVladimir e-eChersonese. I izinsalela St uVladimir wabuya kule ebeka itshe legumbi e isisekelo altare izinhlayiya okwengeziwe 115 abangcwele bayiswa isonto.

Ekupheleni kuka-yonke imisebenzi uVladimir Cathedral isakhiwo esihlaba umxhwele. Wadubula kuze ukuphakama kwamamitha 36, ivolumu zangaphandle walo wawenziwe 20,5 cc. imitha matasa indawo mayelana 1.7 square metres, ububanzi we Dome main kwaba 1.5 amamitha, ukuphakama cross - cishe kumamitha angu-3. Ngo Cathedral ukuthandaza ndawonye ukuthwala abantu kuze kube amalungu esonto ayizinkulungwane 1.

emva kwempi

Umzabalazo wekulwa inkolo emva 1917 wabhubhisa amathempeli amaningi asendulo nemicikilisho zezindela. Isiphetho uVladimir Cathedral Chersonesos Kwakungelula kakhulu. Ngo-1923 yesigodlo saphela umsebenzi futhi izakhiwo etandleni kwabaphathi bedolobha. Iziphathimandla sinqume ungahleli Cathedral of Kherson legatsha Museum. Ukujwayela ethempelini ngaphansi imisebenzi emisha ke ibekwe ingxenye embukisweni enikelwe izakhiwo zesonto kusukela endulo kuze kube Ephakathi, ezansi isitoreji esidalelwe Museum amaqoqo.

Ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe ukubeka eChersonese futhi Sevastopol maphakathi ekulweni. Ngo-June 22 amabutho aseJalimane ngamabhomu Okuqondiwe zamasu. Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe umbukiso ngokuxhamazela zayiswa eCaucasus. Ngo-1942, ngesikhathi lokulwa emgwaqweni ezenzeka ngokusekelwa wezikhali isitha, ke yabhidlika kabana Dome lombhishobhi. waqala Ingxenye embukisweni izisebenzi Museum akazange abe nesikhathi aphume umsebenzi. Izinsalela ukuchayeka amaJalimane uhlela ukuthatha out, ngisho apakishwe emabhokisini zokuhamba, kodwa izinhlelo azange igcwaliseke.

Phakathi ukubaleka wabahlaseli isenzo phansi - misela futhi iqhume Cathedral. I Dome ziwile, asibhubhise ngokuphelele zonke izibuya, ziye hit kanzima nemidwebo esiyigugu, zabela ukwakhiwa amalunga omzimba. I degree of ukubhujiswa laliphezulu kakhulu, futhi isikhathi eside kwaba umbuzo mayelana nokubuyiselwa into kwamasiko. Isiphelo sakhe kwanqunywa kuphela ngo-1961: IKhomishana wafinyelela esiphethweni ukuthi ibandla akufanele ibuyiselwe, futhi kufanele adiliza ngokuphelele. Evikela Mai wakhululwa uProfesa K. N. Afanasev - wasikisela ukuba alondoloze into bese udala ke emnyuziyamu. Debate kanye nokusebenza evilaphayo laqhubeka kwaze 80s.

nesikhathi Nezinkinga

Ngu ekuqaleni mpikiswano ukuhlelwa kabusha kwaqina, kodwa kuyeza usuku obalulekile - Millenium we Ukubhapathizwa eRussia, futhi kwanqunywa ukuba baqale sokubuyiselwa asebenzayo yobungcwele. Le phrojekthi kwenziwe Ukrainian Institute "Ukrprojectrestoration", umholi weqembu kwaba EI Osadchy. Ngokwe-mbono kanye isu wayeyizwa sokubuyiselwa egcwele lombhishobhi benethuba zesonto khona.

Ngu usuku leli holidi, akukho okushintshile, kodwa iphrojekthi sivunyiwe. Ukwakhiwa kanye nokubuyiselwa imisebenzi ethunywe omunye isakhiwo izakhiwo lokuqala commercial - wokubambisana "Hersonissos", kodwa uhlelo kuhlulekile - waqala nokwahlukana USSR. Ithempeli waya Ukraine, futhi isinqumo leKhabinethe begubha 2000th we kokuzalwa kukaKristu, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kwanqunywa ukwaba izimali wokubuyiselwa St uVladimir Cathedral Chersonesos.

Ukuziphakamisa

Izikhungo esontweni zuqaliswe kabusha ngo-1992, lo mnikelo lokuqala ezivela ngabanye zazivela umndeni kaMongameli Ukraine leonid Kuchma yesibili ngo-1988, wathatha ayewengamele siqu yawo wonke umshikashika. Isigaba asebenzayo waqala engxenyeni 2000 yesibili. Lapho imisebenzi sokubuyiselwa Kwasetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe besimanje, okwasiza kakhulu ukuqeda ethempelini eyinhloko yenkinga - the engazinzile ophahleni lwaleli. Ngalesi sikhathi, lwaleli kwaphonswa injalo. Mina lalisibekele kophahla tile ithusi, ukuphinda isiko WaseByzantium somklamo.

Ngemva sokubuyiselwa kwakukhona ukwakhiwa emisiwe isiphambano Dome of the isonto main. Emcimbini kanye yokwahlukaniselwa engu- olwenziwa Metropolitan of Kiev ne All Ukraine uVladimir Beatitude. Lo mkhosi ubuhanjelwe yizikhulu phezulu ezimbili uthi - L. D. Kuchma futhi V. Putin. Umqhele Cathedral elibuyiselwe St uVladimir obenziwe ngo-2004.

insimbi

Ngokokuqala ngqá ngemva konyaka 77- inkonzo hiatus Easter Cathedral laqedwa Meyi 2005. Izinkundla kwaphawulwa izwi izinsimbi elikhulu elingasogwini. Yena, futhi, has umlando walo. yabalingisi wakhe izikhali esindayo ezabanjwa phakathi empini Russian-Turkish e 1776 kanye efakwe esigodlweni sezindela.

Phakathi neMpi YaseCrimea, amaFulentshi ashaqe yesigodlo, phela ngempango kuthathwe insimbi Paris. Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi watholakala phezu belfry lombhishobhi of Notre Dame. Ngo-1913, njengophawu ubudlelwane obuhle phakathi kwezizwe, insimbi eyabuyiswa eRussia, lapho efakwe belfry lombhishobhi uVladimir e eChersonese.

Nakuba Isigodlo isinyathelo, wakhonza hhayi kuphela besonto isonto, kodwa umsindo kwaba beacon imikhumbi olwandle. Ukuzwa ke jingle, amatilosi waqaphela ukuthi sekuseduze ukuba ogwini eziyingozi, egcwele amatshe abukhali. Ngo-1925, ngesikhathi sokuvalwa yesigodlo, zonke izinsimbi zisusiwe futhi omunye wabo efakwe izigxobo ekhethekile ngasogwini, lapho namanje azisizanga sezulu esibi. Kamuva kwathi kwaba insimbi esifanayo, waphonsa ekhulwini le-18.

Isidumbu sakhe iminonjana izimpi ezimbili kule 60s yathathwa ulimi, futhi Bell elahlekile izwi lakhe yamandla. Uzwa umsindo walo kwenzeka ngosizo amatshe, okwenza izingane zendawo. On the usebe insimbi, futhi manje kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa Umbhalo wasendulo eyenziwe ubudala iskripthi Russian.

A uphawu kwenye pylons asekelayo ekutshela kafushane indaba yakhe kusukela ekudalweni ukubuyela eParis. Kwamaholide ama-Easter lavuselelwa hhayi kuphela Isigodlo, isonto elithile, kodwa insimbi okuphawula isiqalo impilo entsha.

Izibuyekezo

Uphenyo Cathedral St Volodymyr sika (eChersonese), isiphetho lasendulo futhi zonke esiqiwini kwesokunxele omuhle kuphela. Izivakashi ukhulume ubuhle engavamile emaphandleni, inala sites umlando nemivubukulo, eziningi zazo walondoloza ngokuphelele. Cathedral is abatelekile kobukhulu izakhiwo kanye nengaphakathi intuthuko kuphela ocebile ingaphakathi.

Izivakashi efika enkonzweni atsi, ukhulume emkhathini kwangaphakathi engokomoya zokuzibandakanya emlandweni, umuzwa ngokuqondene izizukulwane yokhokho. Azikho izibuyekezo ezimbi, abanye ezikhonjwe kuphela inqwaba izivakashi ngesikhathi okusezingeni eliphezulu samaholidi, abafisa ukubona reserve and St uVladimir sika Cathedral (eChersonese). Photo of amanxiwa asendulo nethempeli lihlotshiswe albhamu zezivakashi eziningi.

ulwazi oluwusizo

Ithempeli nendawo engcwele kungenziwa wavakashela ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Ngo uVladimir Cathedral (eChersonese) isheduli amasevisi ngendlela elandelayo:

• inkonzo Kusihlwa iqala at 17:00 (Mon, Tues, Thurs).
• Morning Inkonzo at 07:30 (Mon, Fri).
• amasevisi Shabbat: Inkonzo uqala at 08:00, umlindelo - at 16:00.
• IMisa langeSonto: 06:00 ekuseni, ngasekupheleni 09:00, inkonzo kusihlwa iqala at 17:00.

kufanele ngokukhethekile bheka Kuphi I-Cathedral St uVladimir e-eChersonese? Ikheli shrine: Old Street, ibhilidi 1.

Ukuze ufike endaweni oya kuyo, kufanele ukushayela waya enhlonhlweni Hersonissos ngaphakathi kwemingcele Sevastopol. Lokhu kungenziwa ngeteksi, izindleko zokuhamba kusukela maphakathi kuze kufike endaweni ebekelwe kuyoba ruble 150 200.

Indlela yokufinyelela St Volodymyr sika Cathedral (eChersonese) ezokuthutha zomphakathi? Inketho ezimbili:

• Kusukela isitimela / sesitimela ngu sebhasi №№ 6 noma 10 esitobhini "Dmitry Ulyanov Street."
• On itekisi №№ 112, 107, 110 noma 109 ukuba ayeke 'Street Dmitry Ul'yanova ".

Kusukela stop une ukuya ohlangothini olwandle kuze kube ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo mgwaqo "oMdala", lapho ekhona inqolobane nge zezindela namathempeli. Ungathola ulwazi isizinda okwengeziwe uVladimir Cathedral eChersonese. Inomboro yokuthintana ifoni ivuliwe indawo esemthethweni into.