Lungiselela onion ukuze uvumelane ekhanda. Ilungiselela onion amasethi ngaphambi boarding. Lungisa inhlabathi zokutshala e anyanisi entwasahlobo

Ngamunye Sebawoti ukwazi ukuthi umnsalo endlini ngaso sonke isikhathi kumelwe babe. Lo mkhiqizo ukungezwa cishe kunoma iyiphi isidlo, ikwazi ukuletha emzimbeni wethu NKULU favor. Noma ubani has a dacha, ngempela likubeka ekhaya. Kodwa akuzona zonke omunye balimi imfundamakhwela ukwazi indlela yokwenza sokuvuna ekugcineni zaphumela luningi.

Lungisa imibhede

Into ebaluleke kakhulu iqoqo ezinhle - kuyinto ukulungiselela umhlabathi yokutshala anyanisi. Ukuhlwanyelwa ukhetha isikhala libalele futhi evulekile. Onion is kuhambisana kahle loamy nenhlabathi, zazo zigcwele pre-amaminerali kanye manyolo organic. Ivame ukutholakala zitshalwa ezweni elalikade wakhula ubhontshisi, utamatisi, ukhukhamba, uphizi noma iklabishi. I imibhede ayihlelwa eliphezulu kakhulu, kufika ku-15 cm, ububanzi kugcinwa hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-100 cm. Bambe substrate sq ngayinye. m sengezwe 4 kg umanyolo humus noma Peat 3 kg. Khona-ke futhi, zonke unconsolidated ukujula ezincane, uhlanganise wonke izithako kahle ungqimba emhlabeni. angabekwa ngokucophelela phansi futhi kancane tamped ke, emva ukuchelela ne isixazululo zethusi sulfate , kanye nekhava ifilimu izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala.

ukulungiselela Seva

Ilungiselela onion zokutshala - Nokho akunzima ikakhulukazi, kodwa umsebenzi onzima. Ukuze wenze lokhu:

- hamba ngokucophelela ngokusebenzisa ikhanda futhi ususe wonke elithambile, nabashwabeneyo futhi ichithekile.
- Imbewu, angakawamukeli sekukhona izithombo esinezimila kudingeka aphuce. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa sikelo kususwe ingxenye engenhla ezomile, sibonga pro-ukukhula kungenziwa ngesivinini esikhulu.
- Kancane ezomile futhi ukubeka ikhanda endaweni efudumele futhi omile.
- Badinga zishise ngokuphelele + 20-25 degrees.
- Ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala anyanisi ofakwe amahora angu-3 endaweni Ukwakheka ekhethekile, okuyinto okulungiselelwe kusukela ngesilinganiso 1 tsp .. usawoti 1 litre amanzi.
- Ukuze ugweme ukubukeka izifo, kubalulekile ukuba zibulale. Izindlela onokwethenjelwa kunayo yonke i-elihlale isixazululo potassium permanganate. amahora amabili sifakwe emanzini kwanele ukubulala wonke amagciwane.
- bambalwa imbewu omisiwe kule nokulungiselela, ukutshala anyanisi setha ukuqedela.

Spring okutshalwe

Zokuhlwanyela iqala cishe ekuqaleni kuka-May, lapho inhlabathi isivele sekuqala ukufudumala kahle. Eyokuqala ngihlaliswa phansi ezincane imbewu. Kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-1 cm, ngeke yakha imicibisholo. Ngemva kwamasonto amabili, lapho kulungiselelwa umhlabathi zokutshala onion entwasahlobo kuqedile, uqhubekele Seva main. Uma phansi ukuthumela imbewu esikhulu kakhulu, basheshe ukukhulula umcibisholo, okuyinto ukhupha kakhulu isivuno wokugcina. Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, kufanele aphathe stimulator ikhanda yokukhula - ngokuqinile ulandele iziyalezo ezikuyo.

autumn zokutshala

Ngo okutshalwe ekwindla bekwi Seva kwencani, ogama ubukhulu lincane 1 cm. Okokuqala nje yingoba anyanisi kakhulu akuvamile ukusinda kuze entwasahlobo. Umsebenzi eyenziwa amasonto ama-2 ngaphambi frost kuqala. Ezweni imbewu ahlale esihle, ngeke akuvumele umcibisholo, futhi entwasahlobo uyonika isivuno esihle, njengoba kuyoba njalo ngalo isizini elikhulu elandayo. Ilungiselela anyanisi ngaphambi zokutshala senzeka ngendlela efanayo njengoba esikhathini entwasahlobo.

ukunakekelwa kwesokudla

Izidingo eziyisisekelo for ukunakekelwa Seva unisela, inkathazo ngesikhathi esifanele, ukhula nezifo. Kusukela ngo-May kuya ku-June izitshalo bazithela kufanele kube kanye ngesonto, futhi ingxenye ezishisa inani izindlela kufanele kabili. 1 m ² kusukela 5-10 amalitha amanzi. Ngo-July, supply kumele kungancipha njengoba kuzoqala yokuvuthwa ama.

Ukunisela ngalesi sikhathi kufanele siqaphele ukuba singavumeli alimaze nesithelo. Ngisho noma ukulungiswa inhlabathi ukutshala entwasahlobo anyanisi wenza kahle isikhathi esifushane, umhlaba kungenzeka lukhuni, bese-ke kudingeka proryhlit indawo yezinto eziningi, nje ngamasentimitha ambalwa. Kunconywa inhlabathi ngobuningi bazithela ngaphambi ukwenza inqubo enjalo.

Kuliphi ibanga kungcono

Kukhethwa kuncike ngokuyinhloko umgomo, ewukwenza izithelo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ikhule anyanisi imifino, bese ulandela izeluleko abalimi neshaya ukuthenga chives futhi shallots noma olufuna balimi kakhulu futhi Welsh Slizunov. Futhi okuhle kakhulu ekunqumeni ukuthi uhlobo ukuthenga ngasekhanda bayothenga izinhlobo "Timiryazevskiy", "Oporto" noma "i-Stuttgarter lakhuphuka." Uma kulungiselelwa onion isethi zokutshala kwakwenziwa ngendlela efanele, zonke lezi amakhanda kuyodingeka ukunambitheka omuhle kakhulu futhi ukubukeka ekhangayo nosayizi ezinhle. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, uma wenza konke kulungile, khona-ke eziyikhulu ungathola isivuno esikwaziyo 400 kg. Futhi-9 kwezingu-10 ama uyoba isethulo esihle futhi esiphezulu eshalofini yokuphila.

ukuchelela

Uma anyanisi Seva ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokutshala kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nemithetho, lesi sitshalo kahle ubanjwe on futhi beqala ukwanda, bese phakathi yokukhula idinga uyophuziswa izikhathi 5-7. Okokuqala, udinga ukuchitha ngesingeniso asebenzayo ketshezi, futhi ngemva kwakheka impande, zonke izenzo ziyancipha. Amanzi amaningi akudingekile ukuthi lungeze, njengoba isibani kungaba vymoknut, kanti ukuvuna izolahleka. Lapho avele imicibisholo, ngokuqinisekile kudingeka sokudiliza, ngakho bonke ayo waqonda ngqo kumthengisi isibani, ukuhlanzwa okwamanje kwakhiwa. Ngalesi sikhathi ukuthambisa kumele encishisiwe. Uma ngaphambi kokuphela yokukhula isibani akanayo isikhathi ukuphuma, kuzomele ikhefu kancane waphuzisa ngokucophelela, kuyoba ngcono yokuvuthwa.

Umanyolo

Ngisho noma kakhulu wenza kahle ukulungiselela ukutshala anyanisi, nalokho bekusayoba zidinga umquba. Zonke namaminerali organic kufanele ukungezwa inhlabathi ekwindla ngesilinganiso 5 kg ukubola umquba noma umquba kanye 1 kg umlotha ngalinye 1 m ^2.

Kungenzeka futhi ukusebenzisa futhi umquba eziyinkimbinkimbi, yethulwe 100 g ngamunye 1 m ^2. edingekayo Isikhathi entwasahlobo ukwenza yokudla izithasiselo ezifanelekile isizini kulesi sibalo efanayo. Zonke composts amaminerali ungangezi ezijulile enhlabathini, kungenjalo kukhona ingozi ashise izimpande abasha, futhi cishe zonke izingxenye eziwusizo izoya izingqimba engezansi.

Yokuhlanza kanye nokugcina impahla

Ulungiselela onion itheniphu zokutshala kwakwenziwa kwesokudla, phezulu isivuno esihle, sekuyisikhathi ukuqoqa. Izibonakaliso eziyisisekelo nokuvuthwa nendawo yokulala is yellowing amahlamvu. It wanquma bambe up isivuno kusuka 10 July kuya ku-10 Agasti - kuncike izinga yentuthuko zemifino. Ngisho noma akuzona zonke amahlamvu phuzi, futhi ngaleso sikhathi uzokwaziswa umnsalo ngempela uhoxile inhlabathi futhi basakaze ungqimba elincanyana phezu izinsuku 12-15 for omiswe bese yokuvuthwa. Njengoba ukulungiselela ukutshala anyanisi, futhi isitoreji zidinga amakhono athile kanye nolwazi. Omiswe of isivuno ikhiqizwa ilanga, bese ususa ngamahlamvu omisiwe nezihloko ikhanda nakakhulu omile izinsuku ezimbalwa ezingeni lokushisa + 30-35 degrees. Lokhu kungenziwa eduze idivayisi ukushisa noma isitofu Russian. Le nqubo izinga kuzosiza ukuvikela ikhanda kusukela izifo entanyeni bola kanye downy isikhutha.

Phela imisebenzi edingekayo ukuze uhlunge Onion. ama-Small-1.5 cm kungcono ukuhlehlisa futhi ngisitshale, kungakangeni ubusika, ekuqaleni kuka-October. Ukuvuna esikhulu usuphothuliwe ngo 10-15 kg, futhi batheleka amabhokisi noma ngendwangu izikhwama. Babe ibekwe ku izikhwama zepulasitiki iboshelwe kahle futhi agcinwe endaweni emnyama ezingeni lokushisa + 17-18 degrees.

Kanye ngenyanga kuyadingeka ukulawula sokuvuna ngesikhathi ukuxosha ikhanda owonakele posohshie. Uma sevok ukugcina ezingeni lokushisa ngenhla noma ngezansi ecacisiwe, ukuthi uma lihlala uzokuya inaliti.

Izinhlelo ezivimbayo futhi Ukwelashwa Izifo

Ilungiselela onion amasethi ngaphambi kokutshala abakwazi njalo amvikele yizifo ezihlukahlukene. Kuyinto kuncike lenqwaba izifo. Okuvame kakhulu wabo - lihlotshiswe, smut zika-anyanisi, ukubola sheykovaya grey bola neziqu, kanye zamanga isikhutha. Kufanele wazi ukuthi uma yemifino yahlaselwa isifo, asifanele isitoreji.

Kukhona izinyathelo ezithile ezivimbela okuvela isifo. Ikakhulukazi, yonyaka kwezitshalo kanye kwezitshalo. Ukulungiselela ukutshala anyanisi ekhanda kufanele ziqale ekubhujisweni olunzulu zonke izinsalela nezinye imifino emhlabathini, imbewu magciwane nokulandela inyumbazana lwezendawo phakathi izitshalo sokuqala nesesibili imifino ngonyaka. Ukutshala yemifino on indawo yokugcina kuphela emva kweminyaka emithathu kuya kwemine. Kubalulekile ukugcina indawo izinto ukudla nokutshala ahlanzekile. Kumele kube esitolo disinfected futhi afeze sishaye izifo.

Kuyinto engathandeki ukwenza zokutshala emhlabeni floodplains ezinkulu, amaxhaphozi kanye amadamu. Ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi izifo ezihlukahlukene anyanisi, kubalulekile ukukhiqiza i ekwindla ukulima ezijulile ngokusebenzisa igeja kanye ukusuthisa lemali elikhulu zikamanyolo. Ngakho semali nitrogen kufanele kugwenywe.

Phosphorus-potassium Izithako kakhulu ukumelana nezifo. Futhi baba usizo olukhulu ukuvimbela perenosporoza nentamo bola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusebenzisa izingxenye ezifana Ingasheshisa nokuvuthwa nemifino ukuvikela izinambuzane eziyingozi.

Ukulungiselela ukutshala anyanisi phezu kwekhanda kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa zonke izimbewu phezu ukulimala ezweni kuphela ukulingana enempilo. Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, njalo lifudumeza. Izinyathelo ezinjalo kungavimbela futhi ukuvikela ikhanda kusukela bola. Ngenxa yalokho, inani imfucuza zingancishiswa ngesikhatsi isitoreji. Le ndlela kungakusiza ukuba uphawule ama ezilimele futhi utheleleke futhi bawasuse. Kwembulunga Ungase futhi aqinisekise ukuthi ukubukeka kahle downy isikhutha.

Indlela yokutshala shallots

Khulisa isitshalo enhle Kulula kakhulu kusayithi lakho, uma kukhona inhlabathi kahle avundiswa. Wafikela ukuze uthole amakhambi namanzi futhi ewusizo, okubizwa ngokuthi onion umndeni. Ukulungiselela zokutshala kumele kuqale kusukela ekwindla, kungeyona eziyingozi kakhulu, kodwa sidinga isenzo esithile. Kuze kube yimanje, amaminerali kanye manyolo organic yethulwe zingene phansi ngesikhathi ukumba. Le mfuneko kubalulekile ukuthi ekugcineni uthole isivuno esikhulu. Ama, okufanele kube isikhathi sokuvuna lihamba ngokucophelela, bese ilahlwa okokusebenza ezilimele futhi abolile.

Lungiselela anyanisi zokutshala kumele kwentiwe kwentwasahlobo, lapho watshala emhlabathini, njengoba frost ushiya usongo. Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi impahla ugcwala amahora ambalwa emanzini afudumele noma isixazululo potassium permanganate engasindi. Ukubeka ikhanda emhlabathini yenzeka imigqa ngokuvumelana isikimu 15h25 cm Ukujula ukwehlisa bulblets - .. 4-5 cm engcono eyandulela izitshalo ezibhekwa imidumba. Lesi sitshalo ukhetha a ngenkasa ngokulinganisela futhi abangekho afune izinto ngenkani kwabanye ku nomswakama. Ngesisekelo ukunakekelwa ukususa ukhula, Ukukhipha futhi ayakhala ezingavamile.