Mononuclear inikeza: izibonelo, izinhlobo. Mononuclear izibonelo engenabuntu umusho

Ngokuya miyalelo, umusho - lokhu ingenye amayunithi eziyisisekelo zolimi. It libhekene ukuphelela semantic futhi intonational futhi isisekelo ngempela nokusetshenziswa kolimi. Ngo isiRashiya base yekwenta kungase kuhilele amalungu elilodwa noma amabili ayinhloko.

Umqondo eyodwa kwakwakhe izipesheli

Izinhlobo owodwa Ukwakheka iziphakamiso izibonelo ezibukwayo kukhona engokomfanekiso-material theory e "-syntax" of isiRashiya.

isakhiwo Syntactic nge isizinda ehlanganisa isihloko nesilandiso, ngokuthi ezimbili. Ngokwesibonelo: Angiyithandi nomphumela ebulalayo (VS Vysotsky).

Iziphakamiso ezisekelwe iqukethe elinye lamalungu main abizwa ngokuthi omunye-ucezu kuphela. imishwana ezinjalo ngomqondo ophelele futhi akudingeki kwethemu yesibili ehola. Kuqondane ukuthi ukuba khona kwakhe kumane nje akunakwenzeka (emitjhweni engenabuntu). Imisebenzi yobuciko zivame kakhulu ezisetshenziswa mononuclear inikeza izibonelo ezincwadini: ebunzini mp ngokumelene iwindi ingilazi (Mayakovsky). Akukho ndaba, kodwa kulula ukubuyisela :. "Mina" I nobuncane of amnyama (K.K.Sluchevsky). Isiphakamiso ayisho akukwazi ndaba.

Colloquially mononuclear elula enikeza ezivamile ngokwanele. Izibonelo ukusetshenziswa kwabo kwaba lokhu: - Kuphi? - Ngesikhathi ama-movie.

iziphakamiso Mononuclear zihlukaniswe izinhlobo:

1. denominative (nge kumila isihloko).

2. Ngesisekelo isilandiso:

• siqu;
• angenazo izici zobuntu.

Izingxenye of imisho lemagalagala kungaba izipesheli mononuclear. Izibonelo: Ngeke bagomela ngokuthi ichibi elihle akukho emhlabeni: ngamunye wethu, iyiphi futhi amnandi uhlangothi lwalo (V.G.Rasputin). Lo mklamo kuyinto umusho lolukhuni ebandakanya ezintathu ezilula: 1 - one-isiqeshana omuhle-ngasese, 2 - mononuclear engenabuntu, 3 - olunezihloko ezimbili.

Kuyadingeka ukuba sihlole izinhlobo mononuclear iziphakamiso izibonelo, ikakhulukazi amelwe imisebenzi izincwadi. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuba balobe ophelele iningi le-syntax ezinjalo.

Iziphakamiso ukuba

Ngesisekelo iziphakamiso nominative - nje ngendaba. Timo letehlukene isisho: emabito etintfo longeke esimweni nominative: Spring nokunqoba (S.A.Vasilev). Noma ibinzana (ibizo e zebizo nominative + kunoma genitive ..): Izinsuku iculo nemibala (S.A.Vasilev).

iziphakamiso Denominative kungaba non-ayanda: North. Ingabe. Ithemba (VS Vysotsky). Futhi ezivamile: Land Without Borders (VS Vysotsky), angaphansi ukwelekelela definition.

Nakanjani,-syntax siqu - uhlobo siqu

mononuclear Personal inikeza izibonelo zazo ngezansi, khombisa ukujula ulimi kanye esebenzisa inkulumo ka nanezincazelo ezingefani ncamashí.

-syntax Mononuclear, lapho umuntu uzwakalise ngokusemthethweni, kodwa kalula abuyiselwe, abizwa ngokuthi siqu. Zingase ezivamile futhi okungezona ayanda. Ngo indima isilandiso - Isenzo ezilinganiselwe (1, 2 abantu), munye noma ubuningi, e-Indlela noma ibalulekile. iziphakamiso ezinjalo ukudlula umuntu othize (isikhulumi noma interlocutor). Ngo imisebenzi abalobi ezinganekwane ezingokwesayensi ngokuvamile esetshenziswa esigabeni 'eyodwa-ucezu sipho esihle-yangasese ", izibonelo zezinkondlo:

• Ukudla (SAEsenin) (isenzo - esenzweni ku Indlela isimo 1l, ebunyeni).
• Farewell, kolwandle (Pushkin) (isenzo-isilandiso - e simo lesiphocako 2 umuntu eliyingqayizivele)!

Nanini-siqu

Pass imisebenzi eyenziwa engaqinisekile ubuso (isihloko). Isenzo ungaphakathi umuntu 3rd, ubuningi, abakhona noma lesengcile ku Indlela futhi okunemibandela esishubile :

• Kodwa amadodakazi abo amathathu okuthiwa abathakathi (VS Vysotsky) (isenzo -. A prosh.vr isenzo, mn.chisla abafisa hooded ..).
• Mabathi, makuthiwe yebo, kodwa - akukho, akekho ozifela ngeze (VS Vysotsky) (njengoba isilandiso -. Kwesenzo sanje, l 3rd futhi pl).
• Ingabe baye bathatha kimi isiqinti esingamahektare eziyisithupha ezaziseduze ifektri imoto (Sholokhov) (isenzo-isilandiso ngesimo ubuningi subjunctive).

iziphakamiso zomuntu siqu ngokukhethekile generalized

Leli qembu elilodwa-Ukwakheka linikeza ezinye izazi zezilimi (Babaytseva VV, AA Shakhmatov et al.) Ingabe aziqabukeli ifomu ahlukene, njengoba namazwi umenzi definiteness ezifanayo futhi nanini-siqu futhi kuhluke kuphela ukuthi asho ukuthini. Bona umenziwa inenani generalized. imiklamo ezinjalo zivame elisetshenziswa izaga kanye namazwi: Ingabe wena uthanda temabhodlela - efana izimpande. Awunayo engamakhulu ruble, nabayikhulu abangane. Uma Ngangiqamba amanga - wake waba ungumqambimanga.

Ngo ukutadisha isihloko "mononuclear sipho yangasese" izibonelo kukhona ezibaluleke kakhulu, kusukela zisiza ngokucacile ukucacisa uhlobo olunjani lwesakhiwo syntactic nomunye amalungu main, futhi ukwehlukanisa phakathi kwabo.

sipho engenabuntu

Mononuclear imisho engenabuntu (Isibonelo: It uthola emnyama ekuqaleni umsindo ekhanda lami ..) Ingabe ezahlukene kusukela siqu ukuthi akusiyo futhi akukwazi ndaba.

Isilandiso kungenziwa ngezindlela ezihlukene:

• Isenzo Ungamandla: Kwase kuhwalala. Ngidumele.
• Isenzo yokubika siqu efomini engenabuntu: Eceleni ingubo yami. It yayizamazama kude. Wena lucky! Angikwazi ukulala.
• isandiso yekwenta (isigaba isimo noma amazwi engenabuntu-yekwenta): It wayengeve ethule (IA Bunin). Kukhuntile. Sad.
• Kwekusebentisa: Akubalulekile ukuba ibhidlike ngaphansi izwe iyashintsha (A.V.Makarevich).
• Igama-kuphikisa "cha" futhi kuyizinhlayiyana omubi "cha": isibhakabhaka Licwathile. Unembeza, ngeke!

izinhlobo isilandiso e onomzali Ukwakheka iziphakamiso

Ngo yezilimi Russian isilandiso imelelwa zinhlobo ezintathu:

1. Isenzo Simple. Omunye esashiwo isenzo kunoma yiluphi uhlobo.
2. Isenzo Compound. Siqukethe kwekusebentisa isenzo, nemisipha.
3. igama Compound. It has njengengxenye isenzo, kanye negama lenqwaba, okuyinto ungaboniswa njengenhlangano isiphawulo, ibizo, esithi noma isandiso.

Ngo owodwa Ukwakheka iziphakamiso ukuhlangabezana zonke lezi zinhlobo isilandiso.

Cool (mononuclear umusho engenabuntu). ISIBONELO isilandiso isenzo nge isibopho eyehlisiwe esikhathini samanje, kodwa okubonakala lesesikhatsini lesengcile akunankinga. igama Ingxenye liphinyiselwe isigaba isimo.

Ngo ocacile isiphakamiso siqu: Ake ujoyine izandla, abangane (B.Sh.Okudzhava) -skazuemoe isenzo esilula.

Isigwebo nanini-siqu: Akekho ungafuni ukuzwa kuwe (O.Ermachenkova) - Isenzo - Isenzo ezilinganiselwe + kwekusebentisa.

Mononuclear iziphakamiso denominative - izibonelo oluyinhlanganisela okuzisholo isilandiso isenzo ngeqanda umsipha kusetjentiswe sikhatsi sanyalo. Ngokuvamile, lapho ibekwe eduze nominative izinhlayiya tekukhomba Nakhu ithikithi lakho, lokho imoto yakho (VS Vysotsky). Uma iziphakamiso nominative okwethulwa lesengcile, basuke iguqulwe ibe ezimbili isiphakamiso. Qhathanisa: Ingabe ithikithi lakho, kwaba imoto yakho.

Mononuclear nemisho akuphelele

Kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa phakathi ngokwengxenye ezimbili isiphakamiso eyodwa kwakwakhe. Ngo owodwa Ukwakheka ngokungabi bikho elinye lamalungu eyinhloko okushiwo lomusho akashintshi. Umzali kungenziwa kweqiwe iyiphi ingxenye umusho, futhi incazelo ayikwazi waqonda ngaphandle umongo: Kunalokho - etafuleni. Noma namhlanje.

Kwezinye izimo kunzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi imisho ocacile siqu futhi ezimbili akuphelele. Lokhu ngokuyinhloko ibhekisela isilandiso esashiwo kwesenzo lesengcile. Ngokwesibonelo: Ngacabanga - badla (Pushkin). Ngaphandle uma ingqikithi eziyisisekelo ayikwazi ukucaciswa e 1 noma 3 ubuso esetshenziswa isenzo. Ukuze wenze iphutha, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi umuntu ayinqunywa kwesenzo lesengcile, ngakho-ke lokhu ezimbili umusho akuphelele.

Nobunzima ikakhulukazi umehluko phakathi i akuphelele ezimbili isiphakamiso futhi nominative, isib: Umelusi. ebusuku nesithwathwa. nobusuku edolobhaneni. Ukuze bagweme izinkinga, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi iqiniso - ilungu ezincane okuqondene isilandiso. Ngakho-ke, lo musho "Ebusuku Ezweni" - akuphelele ezimbili nge isilandiso esiyinhlanganisela okuzisholo, lapho ngamazwi okuyingxenye is ivinjelwe. Qhathanisa: ebusuku weza kule ndawo. ebusuku nesithwathwa. Lesi siphakamiso nominative ngoba definition kuvumelana kuncike, kungakho Isiphawulo esithi "nesithwathwa" ephawula ilungu oyinhloko 'ebusuku ".

Ekuhloleni miyalelo, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuqeqeshwa umzimba, futhi lokhu kubalulekile ukuhlaziya izinhlobo owodwa Ukwakheka iziphakamiso izibonelo.

Indima imisho eyodwa kwakwakhe ulimi

Zibhalwe futhi ukukhuluma mononuclear sipho ukudlala indima ebalulekile. Njengo-syntax ifomu emfushane lesifinyetiwe kungenzeka nokuba akuhlele umbono ka egqamile futhi ezimibalabala, ukusiza ukwethula izithombe noma izinto. Batinikela izitatimende dynamism kanye emotionality avumele ukuba ugxile kusihloko efiselekayo noma izihloko. Nge onomzali Ukwakheka iziphakamiso ungakwazi ukugwema ezinikezwa lucebe izabizwana.