Nadezhda Metallurgical Plant (Serov Metallurgical Plant yaqanjwa A. K. Serova.): Umlando, incazelo, imikhiqizo

Nadezhda (Serov) isitshalo Metallurgical iminyaka engaphezu kuka-120, iveza nensimbi amalunga. Umi ekukhiqizeni wesitimela, eminyakeni ke ikhule ibe eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinkulu ezimbonini nge anhlobonhlobo imikhiqizo. Ngemuva kokungena Ural Imayini Metallurgical Inkampani, inkampani iye yazuza umoya wesibili, emikhulu sesimanje bavunyelwe ukushintsha usuka evulekile kwemizi amaziko we amalahle kagesi imishini esithandweni.

Lesi sitshalo ukuba!

Ngo-90-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu XIX, uhulumeni uKhesari ukufunda le ndaba yokungaziphathi ojantshi laseSiberia ukuhlanganisa emaphakathi neRussia neMpumalanga Ekude. It wanquma ukuthatha ngabameli umndeni yizicukuthwane Polovtsov, yaba nethonya elikhulu e Theological isiFunda Ephakathi Urals.

Ngokusikisela a Auerbach izimayini unjiniyela bavuma ukwakha esifundeni ifektri Metallurgical ukwenziwa komzila, kodwa isimo yokuthengisa yibhange imikhiqizo esimweni. Cishe esikhathini esingangonyaka eyathatha izingxoxo. ukuphathwa umgwaqo laseSiberia uhlaziyo ukuthenga 5 poods komzila. Idiphozi ruble 2.5 million wawuvumela imali yomphakathi ukwakha kabusha Serov Metallurgical Plant.

isisekelo

Ekugcineni, ngo-1893, waqala umsebenzi yokwemba ukubeka izisekelo ezakhiweni esizayo. Ukuze ukwakhiwa kwendawo ekhethiwe sizungezwe amahlathi eduze komfula Kakva River, 3.5 zamakhilomitha ukusuka Theological Sosvenskoy ujantshi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yamisa inani elikhulu kwezindlu hozpostroek. Ekupheleni kuka-ubusika 1894 phakathi ehlathini i edolobheni, kamuva esabizwa ngokuthi Serov.

Ukuklama we amabhizinisi wahlanganyela lonke iqembu onjiniyela esivelele isikhathi sakhe: A. A. Auerbah esasiphethe umqondo jikelele kwezakhiwo, F. F. Shtark abalwa metal, AV Nikitin (umbusi Sosvinsky isitshalo) kanye R. R. Tonkov esakhiwe kuqhuma amaziko, evulekile-kwemizi kwesigaba kweqa isigayo futhi ithuthukiswe A. I. Meschersky.

Ukubeka emcimbini ukukhiqizwa entsha okwenzeka Meyi 29, 1894, i-metal lokuqala Pud smelted Januwari 19, 1896, futhi imikhiqizo lokuqala - komzila - wathola Mashi 3 kwalowo nyaka. Eqinisweni, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi iqala indaba Serov Metallurgical Plant. By the way, inkampani yethiwa ngomfazi isimo kumeluleki AA Polovtsov - Nadezhda Mikhailovna.

ukuthuthukiswa zangaphambi wamavukelambuso

Polovtsov ngcono enkulu yafukula ibhizinisi elisha. Ngesikhathi wokwakha kwaba eziphambili kakhulu futhi ithele esifundeni esise-Ural. Imishini lathengwa abahlinzeki European zivela eBelgium, eFrance, eJalimane. Kakade ingxenye yokuqala inkontileka supply amathani 500,000 komzila laqedwa ekwindla ka-1896.

Ngaphezu ingxenye wesitimela wasebenza plant yokukhiqiza profiled ukufulela nensimbi imikhiqizo refractory igobolondo preforms. High-grade itshe elinensimbi (yensimbi okuqukethwe-60% kanye khona ngama-manganese ngcono izakhiwo izinsimbi) enikeziwe kusukela emayini eduze ngokuthi Auerbahovskim. Kamuva, saqala ukuthuthukiswa kwezinye izimayini - konke nge Serov Metallurgical Plant babehlobene ewumngcingo gauge ujantshi.

zokukhula

Ngemva kweminyaka engu-4 umsebenzi inkampani usuqalile ukuzwa noma ukubona izinkinga zezimali. Ngalesi sikhathi, emzaneni Serov inezakhamuzi ezingaba ngu 10,000, kukhiqizwe abantu abangaphezu kuka 2.100 wasebenza. Wage isikweletu savusa Ukunganeliseki eqinile labasebenzi 1905 kwakhiwa umbuthano wamavukelambuso, kwakusondela igagasi lokushisekela iziteleka.

Nokho, umsebenzi isitshalo baqhubeka. Ngo-1906 ukugingqikela plant enamandla 350 mm entsha efakiwe kanye 450 mm kweqa esigayweni. Yaqala kweqa amalunga nensimbi profiled. Ngu-1911, wenza martin 6 no-7 kuqhuma amaziko ngesikhathi Serov Metallurgical Plant. Inani labasebenzi lakhuphuka lafika ku-4000. komzila Alone akhiqizwa kufika ku-70% we umthamo isamba amabhizinisi Ural.

Ukuqala Okokuqala Umhlaba ukucasula amasheduli ukukhiqizwa. Esikhundleni komzila steel ekhiqizwa ngocingo oluhlabayo, amagobolondo, izikhala ababezithola phansi benze amathuluzi. imishini bashiye Riga isitshalo mechanical kuzokhulisa umthamo production. Ukwakhiwa ngamandla siqu 7500 kW wathembisa amathemba ezikhangayo, kodwa nagryanuvshaya inhlokomo umise kusengaphambili ukuthi iyoba ukuqhubeka inkampani.

Ngaphakathi the gama of revolution

7 Disemba 1917 uhulumeni omusha uhulumeni ukukhiqizwa. Njengoba Ekwindla ka-1919 waqala ukubuyiselwa izitolo eyacekelwa phansi yimpi yombango. Ngo-1930, Serov Metallurgical Plant yaqanjwa Serov ukuthi reoriented okwenza komzila kanye nemikhiqizo ephansi kuliBanga sokuncibilikisa eliphezulu lezinsimbi ekhethekile. steelmakers endawo aye akheka ugingqe izicathulo emhlabeni lokuqala ugandaganda amathrekhi. Okunezinhlobonhlobo wanezela:

• Amalunga ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene square nomumo round, etholwe kweqa.
• Ukulinganiswa Rental etholwe abandayo umdwebo inqubo kanye okwalandela ukwelashwa kokuphenduka-ukugaywa.
• Steel sokuprakthiza eziyize.
• Ball ebizwa lezinsimbi.

Ngu-1937 kwaba eliphezulu iphuma imikhiqizo kufika ku-70% (ngaphambili lesi sibalo ngokulambisa safinyelela 5%).

40s

Esikhathini esiyiminyaka eyandulela impi ifektri baqhubeka yokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe Metallurgical. Ngo 1940-41 yingcweti steelmaking anticorrosive prirodnolegirovannyh futhi lokuhlushwa 0.7% vanadium. Ukukhiqizwa izinhlobo ezintsha cast iron: cupreous futhi vanadium.

Ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe kwaba ekwandeni ukwethulwa izindlela ezintsha zokuthola izinsuku ekusakazeni. Phakathi neminyaka engu-4 zokukhiqiza kukhuphuke ngo izikhathi 1.7, abasebenzi ifektri baye bafunda aphele brand ezinye 100 entsha izinga okusezingeni ingxubevange lezinsimbi, njengoba kunesidingo sokuba Imboni yezokuvikela, amandla, ubunjiniyela. Nalapha futhi, ubuchwepheshe "emhlabeni wokuqala" Kuye kwasungulwa sokuncibilikisa ferrochrome futhi ferrosilicon.

ukuthula makube

Ngemva kwempi Metallurgical Plant "Serov" ngokuphindaphindiwe ngaphansi sesimanje, ukwandisa umthamo. Ngo-1946 sakha isitshalo sintering, ufake yesibili umshini itheyiphu chugunorazlivochnoy. Ngo-1960 wasungula substation isinyathelo-phansi elihlobene ne inkampani Enobunye Energy System yase-USSR.

Kusukela ngo-1975, lesi sitshalo uyabanikeza imoto yasekhaya futhi izindiza of lezinsimbi akhethekile Alloys ukwenziwa izimoto namaloli, ezempi, imishini self ezinezinjini, izindiza. I abathengi eziyinhloko Ministry of Aviation Industry and iVolga imoto. Futhi kulo nyaka, metallurgists ukuth waqala ukuveza lezinsimbi ozwakala for uwoyela negesi imishini ezithengwe phesheya.

Eminyakeni engu-80 eningi ukunakwa sakhokhwa ukukhiqizwa okuthiwa diversification. Uhulumeni waseSoviet wathuma abasebenzi ifektri ukukhiqiza ayindlala ezidayiswayo, okungasekelwe ngempela ofanelana nalezi ziprofetho zalesi sihlahla. Okuningi wusizo inkampani isingeniso ngo-1985 we processing eyinkimbinkimbi Scrap Metal.

Esikhathini 90 zokuqala zalesi sihlahla uxhaswe. Ngo-2000 weza ngaphansi kokulawula "UGMK-Holding", esangenza ukuqoqa izimali ekwakhiweni emikhulu. umcimbi Revolutionary kwaba ukwethulwa 80-tonne mini-esigayweni, bavunyelwe ukuba ayiyeke le imvelo eziyingozi kanye nezobuchwepheshe ephelelwe yisikhathi evulekile-kwemizi amaziko.

Serov Steel Works: imikhiqizo

Namuhla, le nkampani uyaqhubeka ukukhiqiza anhlobonhlobo imikhiqizo. Abathengi uphiwa izinto lezinsimbi 320, abangaphezu kuka-400 izinhlobo zemikhiqizo ehla. Izikhombisi-main kukhiqizwe:

• lezinsimbi elixutshiwe.
• Pig yensimbi.
• steel asongwe (nge spetsotdelkoy ulinganiswe, ibha).
• ipayipi elingenalutho, isikwele, Axial.
• Blum.
• Vitriol.

Ngo-2016, ngokusho nokuphathwa Serov Metallurgical Plant iqanjwe kabusha Nadezhda nge kumagama: ". Ukuze athobele iqiniso komlando"