Okuzenzakalelayo ukushintsha umehluko wamanje (RCBOs) izici, futhi isiqu kudivayisi

Ugesi ezweni lanamuhla iwumthombo Irreplaceable zamandla. It is lisetshenziswe njalo ekhaya. Ukuze usebenze ngamandla sekuphephile, amadivaysi ekhethekile asetshenziswa. ukwakhiwa yabo kanye nokusebenza zingahluka.

Circuit amadlambi umehluko zamanje eyenzelwe ezimbonini nasemizini amandla grids. Sinenkosi imisebenzi ekhethekile. Ngenxa isimiso esinjalo, ukusebenza ugesi uba elula ephephile.

izici Jikelele

I okuzenzakalelayo umehluko zamanje wesifunda full (RCBOs) kuyinto idivayisi electromechanical. It yenzelwe ukuvikela i wesifunda ngogesi zamanje ukuvuza, futhi ku sindisa yayo. nabo kuvimbe kungenzeka short circuit.

Eziphuthumayo wesifunda amadlambi ihlanganisa ikhwalithi full wesifunda kanye RCD. Uma umuntu luthelwe wiring, RCBOs ngakususi kuye shock ngogesi. Lesi sici kufana RCD. Uma-sindisa zenzeka inethiwekhi, idivayisi, kanye full wesifunda eyeka kokunikeza ugesi kuya wesifunda.

Nokho, Emergency wesifunda amadlambi, enezinto eziningi umehluko kusuka efana ke aqoqa. Umklamo kusho iphasela elincane amadivayisi amabili abalwe ngenhla. izakhi ababamele omelelwa ezihlukahlukene ukushintsha ubavumele ukuba lisetshenziswe anhlobonhlobo izindawo umsebenzi womuntu.

design

Ngokungafani othomathikhi umehluko zamanje wesifunda amadlambi futhi RCD kunqunywa ngokuyinhloko design yabo. iyunithi Ibe inezingxenye ezimbili. Ziyakwazi imisebenzi zokuzivikela kanye nokulawula. Lesi sakamuva usebenza ngokuhambisana nomgomo wokusebenzisa i RCD. Ingxenye ukusebenza, oveza voltage control kuyinto inkinobho ezivamile. Kungaba umuntu, amabili noma amane.

Uma ukusebenza iyunithi kuthola ukuvuza kagesi, ke kusungula indlela ukuzivikela. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvikela umthengi, imishini ezimbonini, kanye umuntu abanjwe ugesi. module okhethekile ikhubaza njalo ukusebenza, bese zilawula kudivayisi.

Eziphuthumayo wesifunda amadlambi Ngokungafani RCD ngokuyinhloko amelwe ikhono idivayisi ukuvikela hhayi kuphela umuntu kodwa futhi imishini kusukela amapayipi overvoltage.

Umgomo we operation

Izici othomathikhi umehluko wamanje yesifunda amadlambi evumela ukusetshenziswa kwabo izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuxhumana. Kwethulwa kumadivayisi akwazi ukugada ukuthola wamanje yesifunda, bakha transformer encane. Lo msuka kwabangela esimweni lapho voltage input bese okukhipha inenani ezahlukene. Ngezinye amazinga okulinganayo babashayeli eziphumayo nezingenayo iyunithi siyasebenza evamile.

Transformer has a core. Ngaphakathi it yakha isiqondiso ecucuza zamanje. Kuye isiqondiso lapho they nyakazo kunqunywa voltage we yesibili emazombezombe. Uma kukhona ukuvuza kukagesi, ikhoyili le kuyoba inkomba zamanje, okungatholakali zero. Kulokhu, lo inkinobho kazibuthe icushiwe.

Okuzenzakalelayo ngokuqhubekayo eqhathanisa voltage angenayo naphumayo. Uma magnetic field ibhalansi ngasizathu simbe ephazamisekile, ke obandakanya okubambayo kokuphepha. Ugesi icishiwe.

zinhlobo

Kukhona ezahlukene ngeengaba RCBOs. Zingaba owodwa esigabeni futhi ezintathu okhombisa. Kuye uhlobo wiring kuyadingeka ukuze ukhethe iyunithi ezifanele.

Hlukanisa imishini ngesisekelo zamanje yabo eliphelele elivumelekile. Kube RCBOs 32, 25, 100, 40A. Lesi sibalo likwenza kucace ngasiphi voltage inethiwekhi othomathikhi wavala ugesi ligeleze wesifunda. Inani okuzisholo of wamanje kuboniswa incwadi "C". Encwadini amanethiwekhi zasekhaya ngokuvamile ezisetshenziswa amayunithi C16 noma C25 (isimo alotshiwe wiring).

Kwezinye izimo, lapho abanye abathengi uqale voltage kungenziwa kukhuphuke ngo izikhathi eziningana. Iyunithi kumele bakwazi eqa ezinjalo. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu amadivayisi, okuyinto kuhluke ngezindlela ezingafani yokumelana imisinga inhlamvu. Isigaba B sihlanganisa RCBOs eyenzelwe sindisa ngesikhathi 3-5 ekuqaleni. Uhlobo amadivayisi C zenzelwe kokuqala imithwalo okweqa yokusebenza 5-10 izikhathi. Isigaba D amayunithi zingamelana amandla yokwanda ekuqaleni 10-20.

Ihlelo kanye nezici ukuvuza zamanje RCD

One-, amane noma ezimbili-pole wesifunda amadlambi kukhona asalile zamanje wesifunda full eyakhelwe nezakhi ezihlukene futhi RCD. ukuvuza samanje, usabela imishini, esikhethiweyo "delta" uphawu. Standing eduze kwenani kubonisa ukubaluleka le nkomba. Amayunithi isilinganiso kukhona milliamps (ma).

Ngo ukukhanyisa, ikhaya amanethiwekhi anesizotha esetshenziswa imishini ukuvuza ngokulinganisa of 10 kuya ku-30 ma. Ukuze iqembu amadivayisi kunethiwekhi ziyadingeka nezinga lamanje okungenani 30mA. RCBOs yesingeniso ingase yenziwe RCD 100 300 ma.

imishini Uxhumano zokuzivikela kungaba amakilasi ezahlukene. Uma lo mshini ibhekisela ohlotsheni RCD AC, ke esabela kuphela kushintshana uhlobo zamanje. amadivaysi Class A zenzelwe DC ukulawula amadivayisi nge converters electronic. Uhlobo A is avame ukusetshenziswa ekhaya amanethiwekhi.

Ukuvikelwa umqhubi kokungathathi hlangothi

Okuzenzakalelayo asalile zamanje wesifunda full 25a, 10A, 16a, kanye nezinye izinhlobo ezihlukene ukusebenza RCD. Kudinga amandla. It is bephethe iyunithi okokufaka isivikelo umehluko. Ngamanye amazwi, yini ukubandakanya ukuvuza lamanje ukuvikelwa, kudinga voltage. I-oda kufanele kube kokubili isigaba futhi zero izintambo.

Uma Ukukhipha kwenzeka "Isigaba", ukuvuza siqedwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kodwa uma ukuphazamisa umqhubi hlangothi, i RCD kungase kungasebenzi ngenxa yokuntuleka ukunikezela ekuhlanganisweni. Ukuqeda kungenzeka okuvela Esimweni esinjalo, ezinye amadlambi eziphuthumayo wesifunda nifaka ekwakheni kwabo isivikelo uphiko oluyisipesheli zephule wire hlangothi. Lokhu edluliselwe voltage.

Uma isethulo iyunithi likhona, it is kakhulu Kunconywa ukuyifaka ngokwehlukile. Lapho imishini ngokukhetha kumele kuhlolelwe voltage udlulisela, okuvumela inhlamvu RCD ngisho noma omunye umqhubi hlangothi.

abakhiqizi

Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthenga imishini zokuzivikela kuphela kungase kutholakale imikhiqizo ezitolo ezikhethekile. Kuleli kuncike ukuphepha abasebenzisi amandla.

On ukudayiswa amadivayisi sokukhohlwa non-abakhethayo. Isigaba sokuqala sihlanganisa imishini ukuthi ikhubaza chain eyodwa kuphela. Okunye abathengi izosebenza njengenjwayelo. Ukuze imikhiqizo zibala, isibonelo, Emergency wesifunda amadlambi "IEK", "Schneider Electric", "Legrand", futhi ABB.

Non-abakhethayo ukushintsha off bonke izifunda ayanikezelwa kuye. imikhiqizo enjalo yanikezwa emakethe Brands EKF, DPN N Vigi. izinhlobonhlobo okukhethwayo athandwa kakhulu.

izinhlobo ezaziwa

Amandla yasendlini uvame esetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene abakhethayo amadivayisi. Sinenkosi e akubiza yabo incwadi «S». Omunye ethandwa kakhulu ezweni lethu kukhona onobuhle umehluko samanje wesifunda amadlambi ABB. Izindleko single-pole iyunithi 16a kuyinto ruble mayelana 1800-1900. "Legrand" inkampani limelela emakethe amadivayisi ekilasini efanayo engama-ruble 2000. Lona izindleko isilinganiso insimbi ezinhle.

izindleko Yalutho eziphuthumayo wesifunda amadlambi "IEK". Isisetshenziswa elinezimfanelo ezifana izobiza ruble mayelana 800-900. Nokho, izinga lemikhiqizo European ubhekwa elingaphezulu kakhulu kwaleli.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi inethiwekhi eziphuthumayo wesifunda amadlambi akuvamile kabili namanye amadivayisi efanayo zokuzivikela. Ngakho-ke, umthwalo wonke for ukusebenza okuphephile amandla ngowamagunya RCBOs. Ukuqeda kungenzeka ingozi, kulimata imphahla, kukhethwa yomculo kumele wasondela ngendlela efanele emelelwa.

ukhethe Izici

Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza evamile amandla supply, kubalulekile ukukhetha eziphuthumayo wesifunda amadlambi, okuzokwenza ukuthi azihambisani ngokugcwele izimo yokusebenza ekhona. Okokuqala, ukubala inani elidingekayo idivayisi ampere.

Kuyadingeka ukuba abhale phansi wonke amandla abasebenzisi inethiwekhi. Basuke eligoqiwe, futhi umphumela lihlukaniswe by inkomba voltage. Ngokwesibonelo, uma emgqeni lamadivayisi axhumene, okuyinto uqede ingqikithi 7 kW, ukubala kanje: 7000 W: 220 V = 31,8 A.

Okulandelayo, kufanele sithathe esiseduzane ukubaluleka etholwe umshini. Kusibonelo anemidwebo, kuyoba RCBOs 32 A. Inkomba amperes iyunithi kumelwe kancane idlule umphumela ukubala etholwe. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa egcwele.

Amagama Ukusebenza

Okuzenzakalelayo asalile zamanje wesifunda amadlambi zehluke RCD izici kophawu. It isetshenziswa emzimbeni. Uma ukuthenga kudivayisi kufanele acabangele notation eshiwo nomkhiqizi imishini. Emshinini ukhombise ngempela wamanje, voltage, futhi esiphezulu zamanje inkomba wesifunda ukuvala inethiwekhi. Futhi, zonke izici idivayisi kuboniswe incwadi yakhe yokuhambela amazwe kanye nesitifiketi izinga.

Insimbi kubonisa uhlobo lwayo (akukhethi non-abakhethayo), isibalo izigaba, kanye nobukhulu idivayisi (kubalulekile ukucacisa uhlobo ukufakwa). Labelling e zikagesi angaphandle kanye ezifuywayo zingase zihluke.

Insimbi kubonisa uhla lokushisa lapho imishini esebenza, uhlobo RCD. Cishe wonke amadivaysi ayatholakala emakhemisi enzelwe ukusebenza endaweni eyomile, igumbi eshubile.

Futhi, idivayisi angase abe inkinobho "Test". Lapho sicindezelwe, hlola nekusebenta umshini. Dala yokufakelwa ugesi ukuvuza. Kulokhu, kuvela ukuhlola ukuthembeka Uhlelo ayifakiwe ngokulungile.

uxhumano

Okuzenzakalelayo asalile wesifunda yamanje amadlambi kudingeka kahle ixhunywe kwinethiwekhi. Ngokukhetha izimo yokusebenza esifanele lisebenze, kumelwe uhlole imiyalelo yomenzi ngokucophelela. Ukuze ukuxhuma kunethiwekhi, okuthiwa ukuvikela umshini. Uma kungenjalo, izosebenza ngendlela engafanele.

Ukukhweza amadivayisi lemikhiqizo lanamuhla ethandwa ezivezwa isikimu efanayo. Ukufakwa Kwenziwa ngaphezu line wiring. Ngokuvamile, le nqubo idinga ukukhweza iyunithi kwi Din-wesitimela.

Babashayeli kufanele ixhumeke chungechunge. Izintambo yokuxhuma ezifundeni ezihlukahlukene akunakwenzeka. Ukuhambisana nale mfuneko kufanele ziqashwe ngokucophelela. Kungenjalo lisebenze abakhethayo ngeke enze imisebenzi ayinikiwe ngokugcwele. Metal iziphetho kumele kufakwe.

Ngemva kokufaka, kumele bente luhlolo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, chofoza inkinobho "Test" ukudala i ukuvuza yokufakelwa. Uma lo mshini kulapho ezosebenza, kusho ukuthi ukufakwa saphumelela.

Njengoba kuyini othomathikhi asalile zamanje wesifunda amadlambi, kanye izici zawo, ungakhetha ilungelo nokuzihlonipha, ngokuba nezingxabano ukufaka imishini ethulwa kunethiwekhi.