PHP: string zokukhwabanisa. imisebenzi string PHP sika

Amasayithi zingahlukaniswa zibe static kanye ashukumisayo. Ngemva kokwazi kahle HTML futhi CSS, okuvumela ukuba wenze ikhadi lebhizinisi enhle kwi-Internet, abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ungadala kanjani indawo ashukumisayo nge PHP. Kulesi coder kufanele inake ukuthi wayesemisa isiqala ukufunda izinhlelo web: indlela ukusebenza isayithi zizohluka. Enye yezinkinga kulo kuqala enenkolelo yokuthi ngumuntu saqala e PHP - umsebenzi string, ukufunda kanye ekucubunguleni kwabo.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngo-PHP string zokukhwabanisa imisebenzi ehilela izindlela eziningi, ngakho ukuze uqale izindleko zabo isifundo nabanye manipulations elula, efana umugqa ukuhoxiswa, sesha, ukuthola noma ukususa olungaphansi, ukubhalisa ushintsho futhi ubuyele obuphelele umugqa. Abaningi imisebenzi azisebenzi kahle izinhlamvu Cyrillic. Ngakho-ke, zonke izibonelo ezibhalwe ngesiNgisi ukuzwakala. Ukuze imigqa Cyrillic zisetshenziselwa imisebenzi efanayo, kodwa mb_ Isiqalo (isib mb_strpos ()). Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-analogue e php.ini kumelwe uncomment emgqeni; isandiso = php_mbstring.dll, umane ngokususa isemikholoni.

Ukudala nokubhala yezinhlamvu

Sizohlaziya okukhiphayo umugqa esikrinini usebenzisa ulimi laziwe kubo bonke senanele design. UMklami can ngqo okukhipha yezinhlamvu:

echo "Lo mugqa entsha"

noma qale kwenombolo bese silubonisa:

$ Str = "Lena string amasha";

senanele $ str;

Uma ufuna ukubonisa kolayini abaningana kwelinye noma asebenzise concatenation zabo:

echo "Lokhu". "Okusha". "String";

noma

$ Str1 = "Lokhu";

$ Str2 = "entsha";

$ Str3 = "string";

senanele $ str1. $ Str2. $ Str3;

Kulo mBhalo, kuyoba ukubonisa EtoNovayaStroka. Igebe kungenziwa wanezela ngqo echo ucingo:

senanele $ str1. ''. $ Str2. ''. $ Str3;

Kulokhu, isikrini ekhombisa: ". Le umugqa omusha" Concatenation kungenzeka nje kuphela okuphumayo, kodwa futhi ukwakha imigqa:

$ Str1 = "Lokhu";

$ Str2 = "entsha";

$ Str3 = "string";

$ String = $ str1. ''. $ Str2. ''. $ Str3;

senanele $ string;

Echo ubonisa kokubili izinhlamvu, futhi Cyrillic. Uma omunye eziguquguqukayo equkethwe inombolo, bese concatenation lalenamba zizoguqulelwa emgqeni ezifanele:

$ I = 2;

$ Isamba = $ i + $ i ; // manje $ isamba iqukethe inombolo 4

senanele $ i. "+". $ I. "=". $ Isamba;

Ziyobonakala: "2 + 2 = 4".

izinhlamvu ezikhethekile

Ake sithi umugqa kuchazwa ngumuntu kabili quote ($ string = "Lena yindlela"). Khona-ke ungakwazi ngempela ngokujabula ukusebenzisa ukulandelana yokuphunyuka:

• \ N kwenza ikhefu umugqa;
• \ R ukuthutha ukubuyiselwa;
• \ "Ukuphunyuka double bokhulunyiwe:
  • echo "Iyunithi \" kabili \ "izingcaphuno"; // string nge izingcaphuno "kabili"
• \ $ Izivikelo dollar;
• \\ udwi ngokulambisa.

Ulandzelanisa nokunye okuningi, konke kubo ingatholakala PHP imibhalo esemthethweni.

Thola isikhundla livela okokuqala

Ake sithi ube string elula:

$ String = "Igama lami ngingu-Yemelyan futhi ngingubani ngonyaka 27 ubudala";

Siphinde sibe izinhlu ezimbili zamahalananda amagama:

$ Name = "Yemelyan";

$ AnotherName = "Katherin";

Sidinga ukwazi ukuthi ayizindlela zokuqala amagama amabili. Isebenzisa strpos umsebenzi ($ str, $ search). Libuyela isikhundla oyifunayo olungaphansi $ wosesho, uma iyunithi yezinhlamvu eziqukethwe kokuqala, $ Str. Kungenjalo, umsebenzi ibuyisa Izimiso eziphusile ukubaluleka amanga. Ngokwesibonelo, strpos ($ string, $ anotherName) ibuyisela aluhlaza cwé, futhi strpos ($ string, $ igama) - yinombolo. Ikhodi kuyoba enjalo (bhala kukho, lapho isikhundla uboniswa esikrinini):

$ String = "Igama lami ngingu-Yemelyan futhi ngingubani ngonyaka 27 ubudala";

$ Name = "Yemelyan";

$ AnotherName = "Katherin";

strpos kwemisindo ($ string, $ anotherName ); // okukhiphayo zamanga

strpos kwemisindo ($ string, $ igama ); // ubonisa isikhundla livela okokuqala yezinhlamvu

Qaphela ukuthi umugqa ababebalelwa siqala at zero, okungukuthi, uma yethu ukuthi kuphele umugqa wokugcina ubonisa inombolo 11 (izikhala nazo kubhekwe).

Ukucinga yokuma nesenzakalo lokugcina olungaphansi nezihibe

Uma strpos () umsebenzi ubuyisela isikhundla livela okokuqala, bese ephambene yayo strrpos () kuseshwa okuvela lokugcina olungaphansi.

Kukhona ezinye izingibe elihlobene ne ekuqaleni izinombolo. Kufanele ikhumbule: Ngo PHP string zokukhwabanisa angadida imithetho uma uziqhathanisa nabo. Ngakho, kungcono hhayi ukusebenzisa ukusebenza uma liqhathaniswa kuphikisa: strpos ($ str, $ search) = zamanga !. Kunoma inguqulo ye PHP izibonelo kulingana emiholweni ezinjalo kungase kungasebenzi kahle, ngoba izinombolo umugqa iqala ngo zero, futhi 0 incazelo enengqondo kungamanga. Lokhu kudlulela strrpos () umsebenzi.

Indlela yokuthola inani olungaphansi izenzeko

Ngokuvamile udinga ukuthola akuyona livela okokuqala noma lokugcina olungaphansi e-string, futhi inani eliphelele. Ngenxa yale njongo substr_count () umsebenzi, ephatha eziguquguqukayo okungenani ezimbili: substr_count ($ str, $ search). Libuyela yinombolo. Uma ufuna ukunciphisa kwenkululeko yokusesha emgqeni, umsebenzi lidlule eziguquguqukayo ezimbili ngaphezulu: isiqalo nesiphetho komugqa, ngokulandelana. Lokho umsebenzi kuleli cala ebizwa ngokuthi: substr_count ($ str, $ search, $ isiqalo, $ ukuphela). Umsebenzi uyobheka olungaphansi wokusesha $ isikhawu kusuka $ uqale $ ekupheleni yasekuqaleni string $ Str. Uma string ayitholakali, elibuyiswa umsebenzi zero.

Indlela ukushintsha uma imigqa e-PHP: izibonelo

Guqula icala ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa ukuqhathanisa intambo bese zokuphika. Ake sithi umsebenzisi kumele faka igama unkulunkulu ophakeme kunabo ezinganekwaneni zamaNorseman. Uhlelo inguqulo ye "Omunye", yena uzobe kuqhathaniswa impendulo yomsebenzisi. Uma umbhalo ofakiwe kuzohluka kusukela ekhona (isibonelo, umsebenzisi ubhala 'eyodwa "noma" umuntu "), uhlelo uzobuya amanga esikhundleni kweqiniso. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, sebenzisa izinguquko umsebenzi irejista. Lokhu ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa uma indawo e PHP tags: Esikhundleni amakhulu okuhlukile igama elithi "yangasese" (.. "Emizini Yabantu," "yangasese," "owakho" nokunye) kukhona ithegi eyodwa kuphela ezincane.

strtolower () umsebenzi eshintsha irejista aphansi. Ake sithi kukhona umugqa $ catName = "Fluffy". strtolower umsebenzi ($ catName) ibuyisela string "Fluffy". Guqulela icala eliphezulu kungenzeka nge strtoupper () umsebenzi.

Indlela yokuthola ubude yezinhlamvu e PHP: Ukusebenza imisebenzi

Ngokuvamile idinga ukuthola ubude yezinhlamvu. Ngokwesibonelo, emsebenzini PHP ngogubhu yalolu hlobo kungadingeka emjikelezweni indalo. Ukuze-string esetshenziswa strlen () umsebenzi, okuyinto abuyise inombolo - inani lezinhlamvu. Akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi uhlamvu lokugcina kuyodingeka inombolo strlen ($ str) -1, njengoba kwezinamba kumamenyu kuqala kuphawu ngeqanda.

Ithola indawo olungaphansi e PHP: Ukusebenza ngogubhu

Ukuqalisa olungaphansi substr umsebenzi wenziwa () ukuthi kungathatha zimpikiswano ezimbili noma ezintathu: substr ($ str, $ isiqalo, $ ukuphela). Ake sithi sinalo yezinhlamvu $ string = "Fluffy ikati", futhi sifuna ukuthola olungaphansi lesibili umlingisi sesine. Njengoba ababebalelwa siqala at zero, lokhu olungaphansi kwe-variable izobukeka kanje: $ newString = substr ($ string, 1, 4). Uma sethula $ newString = substr ($ string, 1), sithola olungaphansi lesibili uhlamvu lokugcina (ie "luffy"). Le khodi nsé ikhodi string legcwele strlen (): substr ($ string, 1, strlen ($ string)).

Ukuze esikhundleni olungaphansi isetshenziswa str_replace () umsebenzi kuthatha eziguquguqukayo ezintathu: str_replace ($ subStr, $ newSub, $ str). Ngokungafani imisebenzi eminingi, str_replace () isebenza kahle kubalingisi Cyrillic futhi ayinaso analog prefixed. Ngokwesibonelo:

$ Str = "Namuhla sezulu kuyesabeka!";

$ NewStr = str_replace ( "esibi", "emangalisayo", $ str); // Namuhla izulu elimangalisayo!

Ukuhumusha Iyunithi inombolo

Noma ubani oye wacwaninga izinhlelo web, manje noma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi babe ukuguqula Iyunithi inombolo. Ngenxa yale njongo, imisebenzi emibili efanayo asetshenziselwa: intval () futhi floatval (), ngalinye elikwazi owamukela oyedwa variable $ string. Kusukela komunye nomunye, bayehluka kuphela uhlobo idatha wabuya: intval () ibuyisela inenombolo, futhi floatval () - elintantayo inombolo iphuzu.

Ukusetshenziswa njengendlela intval (), kanye floatval () sidinga ukuthi string iqala ngenombolo, futhi zizoguqulelwa inombolo. Uma izinombolo ngizoya yimuphi iqoqo izincwadi, bona ungakunaki. Kuleso simo, uma intambo iqala izinhlamvu, ukusetshenziswa umsebenzi uzobuya zero. Kahle kahle, umugqa kufanele ibe namadijithi kuphela.

Ukuhumusha yezinhlamvu

Ngokuvamile kudingeka ukuguqula inombolo ibe yezinhlamvu. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ufuna ukuthatha ingxenye yako futhi sokuzakhela square (isibonelo, hlola ukuthi kwesibalo wanelisekile: 88 x 88 + 33 x 33 = 8833). Kulokhu, umsebenzi strval (), okuyinto abuyise inombolo yezinhlamvu. Ngemva kwalokhu umugqa omusha, ungakwazi ukwenza zonke ezinye izenzo: hlela, ukuthola indawo okuvela kuyo olungaphansi, kanye neminye imisebenzi. Uma kudingeka, kungaba kabusha iguqulwe nesibalo kakade kuchaziwe ngenhla.

Lesi sihloko sasikhuluma kubhekwe kuphela ingxenye encane yonke imisebenzi ehambisana ne-line. Ingxenye imisebenzi undocumented ukusebenza izimpawu, kodwa iningi lalingakaze abafakiwe okokusebenza ngenxa ngokucacile. Ukuze ukujwayelana le misebenzi edingekayo ukuze uqhubeke ukufunda imibhalo esemthethweni ku PHP, elibonisa ulwazi lwamanje.