Pirandello Luidzhi, umbhali Italy: Biography, lokusungula

Pirandello Luidzhi - umbhali wemidlalo odumile wase-Italy, umlobi nesazi futhi iDemo umbhali wendzaba. Ngo-1934, wathola uMklomelo KaNobel Emkhakheni Wezincwadi. Nokho, lena enye nje isizathu ukuhlola ikhono lakhe lokusungula. Pirandello Luidzhi wadala imisebenzi eminingi ezithakazelisayo, okuyizinto namanje ethandwa kakhulu.

Umsuka, ebuntwaneni nemfundo eNyuvesi

Umlobi esizayo wazalwa ngo Dzhirdzhenii (Sicily) emkhayeni omkhulu. Luigi yesibili nezingane eziyisithupha. Uyise wayengumGreki ochumayo - anakho emayini for the isizinda nesibabule. Luigi ithalente etemibhalo ukuvela eminyakeni yokuqala kakhulu esikoleni. Ngesikhathi ngiba ibhungu, wabhala izinkondlo waqamba nhlekelele, "iqaba", is ngeshwa engafakwanga.

Pirandello ngenkathi kuzanywa ukuqhubeka ibhizinisi lomndeni, kodwa umsebenzi lowo akuphumelelanga kakhulu. Luigi ngo-1887 wangena University of Rome. Kodwa ngemva konyaka idluliselwe University of Bonn, njengoba ezingeni lokufundisa wayengumuntu unganelisekile. Lapha Luigi wafunda nefilosofi nezincwadi. Ngo-1891, umlobi iziqu ukuqeqeshwa. mqondo yakhe yayizimisele lwesigodi Sicilia.

Buyela eRoma

iqoqo Pirandello kuqala zezinkondlo uvele 1889 ( "ubuhlungu Abajabulayo '). Kule ncwadi, ikakhulukazi umphumela Dzhozue Karduchchi. Ngemva kokuqeda izifundo zakhe, Pirandello banquma ukuhlala e Bonn. Kule minyaka edlule, uye lectured ngalesi sikole.

Umlobi wabuyela eRoma ngo 1893. Lapho eqala sina aphishekele izincwadi wokusekela ngokwezimali uyise. I wokuqala wamaRoma Pirandello, "Kunqatshiwe", uvele 1901. I 1894th wadedelwa iqoqo lokuqala tindzaba letimfisha onesihloko esithi "Love", wadala in the isiko verismo. Ngawo lowo nyaka wabona umshado Pirandello. Okhethiweyo eyindodakazi engumngane kayise, Antuanetta Portulato. Kusukela umshado kowesifazane ngesikhathi Luigi yena wayenamadodana amabili nendodakazi.

Ukufundisa, play lokuqala

Pirandello e 1898 waqala ukusebenza Othisha College eRoma, lapho wamiswa Uprofesa kwezincwadi Italy. Kulesi sikhungo Luigi wafundisa kuze 1922. Ngo 1898 wakhipha umqulu play wakhe wokuqala, encane eyodwa-isenzo idrama "Epilogue". Lokhu umsebenzi usufakwe yaseshashalazini engu-12 kuphela kamuva, ngo-1910, ngaphansi kwamagama ehlukene ( "Sting").

izenzakalo ezimbili ezibalulekile ekuphileni kwakhe siqu

Ngenxa yalokho labo abakhahlanyezwe yizikhukhula elafika ngo-1903, uyise Luigi okwami labhujiswa. Ukufundisa nezincwadi manje steel Pirandello kuphela nomholo izindlela. unkosikazi komlobi ngo-1904, baphazamiseka ezinzima sezinzwa. Ngakusasa 15 neminyaka yakhe bahlukunyezwa ukushushiswa mania. Owesifazane ujabulile Pirandello iconsi wobukhwele. Ngo-1919, umlobi ayekufake umkakhe umtholampilo zengqondo.

Imisebenzi 1900s

Luigi aqhubeka ebhala izinhlamvu kanye nekushicilela umbhalo wabo, naphezu kwezinkinga zezimali kanye nomndeni. inoveli Pirandello yakhe yesithathu, "Ngasekupheleni Mattia Pascal", iye kabanzi adunyiswe. Kulesi umsebenzi, wadala ngo-1904, okwethulwa isihloko ubuso kanye buso. ukubukwa Tebuciko futhi theory ku art Pirandello evezwe imisebenzi emibili wadala ngo-1908: ku "Isayensi Art" (ukuqoqwa izihloko) futhi isihloko esithi "Ihlaya", eveza umbono nzima tragicomic zomhlaba lembhali.

Udlala 1915-21 biennium.

Kuze 1915, Pirandello wabhala ikakhulukazi amanoveli kanye tindzaba letimfisha, futhi ngemva 1915 wayehumusha lonke idrama yakhe yokuphila. Ngu kulo nyaka zibandakanya ukusetha zokuqala ezintathu-isenzo ukudlala Pirandello "Uma kungenjalo ...". Dramaturgy unike umbhali uhlala kahle, futhi ushiye amanye isikhathi eside ufundisa. Esikhathini kusuka 1915 kuya 1921 Luigi idale 16 izingcezu, ngalinye elikwazi usufakwe esigabeni. Umdlalo, enesihloko esithi "Akuve (uma ucabanga)" ngaphumelela ethile nezethameli kanye baxgeki. Kwakuthinta okuhleliwe ngo-1917.

Nokho, umlobi wemidlalo yaseshashalazini wonke amazwe omhlaba waletha enye umsebenzi, eyabhalwa ngo-1921. Sikhuluma play Pirandello sika "Izinhlamvu eziyisithupha kusesho i Umbhali." Kusukela ngo-1922 eneminyaka engu-phezu izigaba New York, nase-London (eyahunyushwa isuselwa Italy) kwaba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, iSonto LamaRoma Premiere waphelela nehlazo, njengoba ababukeli babe ngicasukile izinhlamvu umbono ukuthi okuhle neqiniso kukhona isihlobo. Ngokusho baxgeki kakhulu, play "UHenry IV" kuyinto esivelele lokusungula Pirandello. UNdunankulu Its futhi osebenza ku 1922. Umdlalo ezibalwe ngenhla kodwa siqhubeke sijabulela ithandwa enkulu. Bafaka yeshashalazi amaningi emhlabeni wonke. Kuhunyushwe kusuka Italian yalezi kudlala senziwa kuzilimi eziningi.

Izici Nguwe Pirandello

Luigi emisebenzini yakhe ovuthiwe, ugxila isihloko impermanence kanye nesimo luyakhohlisa yokuphila kwabantu ngabanye. izinhlamvu yakhe nelincane yiluphi uhlobo kwaba value njalo, izinhlamvu kanye ngezici zazo ifiphele. Personality emhlabeni Pirandello isihlobo. Umlobi babekholelwa ukuthi iqiniso - yilokho okwenzekayo manje, ngalesi sikhathi. Luigi waklebhula imaskhi kusuka izinhlamvu zakhe, libakhululile ukukhohlisa, babegcina kakhulu wafunda ubuntu babo kanye nezobunhloli. umsebenzi Pirandello sika kuphawulwa mkhulu umthelela wadala Alfredom Bine imfundiso yokuziphendukela enganakile. Luigi ngajwayelana emibhalweni idealist zefilosofi German ngesikhathi umsebenzi wakhe wokufundisa ku Bonn. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsunguli watibonela in psyche womuntu indlela engazinzile. Phela, eminyakeni engu-15, Pirandello lalithandana nomkakhe egula ngengqondo.

Pirandello - umqondisi, ukudalwa ethiyetha

Luigi ekugcineni waba nje kuphela ngokuthi umlobi wemidlalo yaseshashalazini kodwa futhi njengoba umqondisi. Wafeza isiteji kudlala sakhe. Umlobi ngo-1923 yena wajoyina i-iQembu LamaNazi. UMussolini asekelwe umqondo wakhe wokusungula National Ubuciko Theatre eRoma. qembu lakhe e 1925-26. Yena babuka States of Europe, neSouth America (1927). Mashi Abha, actress ehola yamabhayisikobho isikhathi eside yaba umthombo ugqozi Luigi. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, naphezu uxhaso lukahulumeni kodwa leyo ndawo yeshashalazi baqala ukuzwa izinkinga zezimali abalulekile. qembu lakhe yahlakazeka ngo-1928.

ukuphuza wobushiqela

Abanye abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi Pirandello Luidzhi baziphathe namaNazi njengoba flyweight, le Compromisers. Nokho, kumelwe kushiwo evikela Luigi ukuthi ezikhathini eziningi liye bavuma obala nokunganaki ayo zezombusazwe. Izikhathi eziningana Pirandello ngisho isinyathelo nokugxekwa elibusayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, emva sokuvalwa yaseshashalazini ayenakho nobunzima ekukhiqizeni kudlala wakhe e-Italy.

Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Pirandello Luidzhi esehlale isikhathi esithile eBerlin futhi Milan. Wayehamba kakhulu. Umlobi waphindela kwelakubo ngo-1933, njengoba yena uqobo ebuzwa uMussolini. Pirandello ngo-1934 waklonyeliswa uMklomelo KaNobel Emkhakheni Wezincwadi. Luigi washona ngoDisemba 10, 1936 eRoma. Umngcwabo, ngokwentando lokugcina umbhali, zazingekho Emcimbini othile womphakathi. In Sicily, lapho kudabuka khona Liudzhi Pirandello, umlotha walo abangu interred.

ukuthandwa Pirandello

Namuhla, emhlabeni wonke athandwa hhayi kuphela udlala Luigi, kodwa amanoveli akhe, novellas futhi tindzaba letimfisha. Omunye amanoveli edume kakhulu, okuyinto wadala Luigi Pirandello - "Ufudu".

Futhi ezweni lakithi lokusungula zithandwa omlobi. Encwadini ukusakaza kwakamuva kwe "Yini? Kuphi? Nini?" ngisho umbuzo ezihlobene Luigi Pirandello. "Ngubani zonakale zesintu, ngokwezindaba ubunjalo nomsebenzi wakhe?" - ngakho umbuzo ezikhishwayo. Iyiphi impendulo enembile - uCopernicus. Ngempela, ngenxa yakhe, isintu usefunde abone ubuncane bakhe endaweni yonke. UCopernicus wafundisa ukuthi akusiyo ilanga lizungeza umhlaba, futhi okuphambene nalokho.

Nakanjani kuwufanele ngajwayelana imisebenzi zidalwe Luidzhi Pirandello. Izindaba, amanoveli, amanoveli kanye udlala ke imakwe nge high value kwezobuciko.