RS-232: ekuhlaziyeni osayizi ejwayelekile nezinhlobo

Ezweni kukhona lenqwaba Slots, Slots, interface. Thola nabo futhi ukwazi zonke ejwayelekile yomsebenzisi cishe kungenakwenzeka. Lapho usaqala enquma ukuqoqa ngokwakho computer yabo siqu, kunemibuzo eminingi mayelana ukuhambisana. Namuhla sifunda ukuthi onjalo RS-232 interface.

Umcabango

Uma ubhekene neqiniso lokuthi awazi onjani isixhumi futhi ziyini ke siyowuqonda kamuva kule. Le ndinganiso kusebenza ungqimba ngokomzimba futhi kwathuthukiswa kwaze kwaba ngokuthi 'umngane' esibonakalayo indlela. Ngokuvamile, sikhumbula RS-232, ochwepheshe yisho PC nephothi yochungechunge.

Kwenzeka isimanga ngoba ngokuvamile wayesetshenziswa emkhakheni ezokuxhumana. Manje-ke sekufikile kibo bonke sibonga ekuthuthukiseni amakhompyutha ezaziwayo. It ixhunywe PC uma lusizo lasetulu idatha, kanye ezivumelanisiwe uma idivayisi alikho ibanga kude. Uma sibhekene computer umsebenzi ehhovisi noma ukungcebeleka, RS-232 interface esikhundleni USB.

indaba

Phakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule ke waqala ukuthuthukiswa esebenzayo ubuchwepheshe, e ezokuxhumana ethile. Njalo inkampani wahlanganyela ukukhiqizwa imishini ethile, isungule ejwayelekile ayo ngoba ukudluliswa kwedatha. Ngakho, ukusetshenziswa kwamadivaysi anjalo bekulokhu kunzima, njengoba kwakunezinkinga nokuhambisana.

Ukuxazulula le nkinga unomphela futhi elifanele konke kakade yazuza, ngo-1962 ihlelwe inhlangano ekhethekile. Kuye kwakhiwa izincomo umkhiqizi, owayebizwa ngokuthi "Standard ezinconyiwe 232". Lokho kungenxa yokuthi kukhona isidingo ukuthuthukisa RS-232 interface.

Manje uphawu lokufaka ikhodi uyancipha kusukela izingcezu 5 kuya ku-8. isignali voltage akazange ahlule 25 V hhayi ngezansi -25 V U ukuhlela amasignali inkonzo, okuyizinto ngokuvamile akusho ukuthi isetshenziswe. ukudluliswa kwedatha kwenzeka e izindlela ezimbili: zokuvumelanisa iphinde indlela. Siyabonga bonke omisiwe ukusebenza standard kahle zokuhamba imishini Telecom.

ukuthuthukiswa

Eminyakeni eyisikhombisa nje ngemva kokumiswa izinguqulo ezintsha kwaqala ukuvela. RS-232C iye yabukezwa ngo ngokuqondene nabo bonke bokwenza ukuthi bathole phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Kwanqunywa ukuba amise isixhumi DB25 25 izikhonkwane. Lolu khetho abe ngempela "umsebenzi amaphutha ethu," kunganjani ukushintsha isikhathi isikhathi futhi waba isisekelo iminyaka eminingi ezayo.

Kakade ngo-1983, kwaba PC eyaziwa usebenzisa lesi simiso. Saqala ukusebenzisa UART transceiver. Omunye novelties kwaba kakade 4 Transmitter, ababiziweyo COM-port.

Ukuthuthukiswa zindinganiso waqala athole umfutho. Abakhiqizi baye baqaphela isimiso isinyathelo ezimweni ezinjalo, ngakho waqala ukulahlekelwa Association ukubusa. Ngo-1986, i-RS ishintshelwa EIA. Lapho amalungelo ezinkampani baye bathuthela komunye, it is a ambalwa Ukwehlukana the standard wadedelwa. Ngokuvamile, into entsha futhi ayifakiwe ku-RS-232 interface.

umsebenzi

Siyabonga le ndinganiso, sekungenzeka ukudlulisa idatha noma izimpawu ezikhethekile phakathi kwamadivaysi amabili, enye yazo esigungwini, kanti eyesibili - zokuxhumana. Transmission isesikhathini 15 metres, kanye ngesivinini esiphezulu ongafinyelela 115200. Ngokuthakazelisayo, i-interface okulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi izinhlelo. Ego ngokuvamile sisetshenziswa uma ufuna ukuba zinde ibanga. Ochwepheshe nje kulingana ukunciphisa ijubane.

imigomo

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ebisolwa RS-232 esibonakalayo yaqale esetshenziswa-dial-up imodemu ku- PC. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngokushesha aluthola nakhululwa ezifundisweni zokucathula, phakathi okwakukhona oseceleni "Call". Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, Inthanethi washintsha Isobho nezixhumi steel exhunywe nge-USB. Ngokwakhe wangazinaka uxhumano azizange zinyamalale nge iphaneli esibonakalayo, ngakho nezinye abakhiqizi sinqume ukudala kumadivayisi abo izintambo ehambisanayo ukuxhuma ohlelweni. Kanjeyana they waziwa ikhompyutha amagundane ne-RS-232.

Manje esibonakalayo landile kudivayisi ezikhethekile kakhulu, imishini ezimbonini kanye sekhompiyutha izinhlelo. Ngenxa yalokho, esikhathini yesimanje netbook noma notebook RS-232 esibonakalayo ikhebula cishe ingekho. Kodwa abanye motherboards izinhlelo umile kusadingeka lokhu isixhumi. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona kokubili slot olulodwa futhi uvimbele Daisy phezu umbadlana. Ukuze lokhu isixhumi kwakungelona engenamsebenzi, abanye ahlinzeke converters.

ukusebenza

Kuyaziwa ukuthi umlingisi elibukhali iyinhlangano esibonakalayo-Duplex egcwele eyaziwa. It lokudlulisa njengoba interface indlela ye-serial. Ngokwe-wire sihamba isignali kanambambili, okuyinto wathola amazinga ezimbili voltage. Lokhu kunjalo kolwazi yokudlulisela.

Uma sicabangela izinkomba okunengqondo, kwase kuba kwabayishumi "zero" kwehlisa voltage omuhle, futhi kuze kube 'ubunye' - engeyinhle. Ukuze lesi sakhiwo siqhutshwa kanje onjiniyela ukusebenzisa inani elikhulu chips "ukhuni". RS-232 interface ngokujwayelekile input bese okukhipha imigqa hhayi kuphela ejwayelekile, kodwa futhi ithrekhi asizayo ekhethekile, ukulawula ukugeleza kuthabathela ecaleni hardware kanye nokulawula imisebenzi ethize.

imigqa

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi le port ifakwe uhlobo D, page 25 oxhumana. Ngamunye has cut ayo futhi beqondiswa nguye. Sinenkosi igama eliphelele futhi banesibopho isici esithile. Ngakho idluliselwa futhi wathola isicelo idatha kanye nokudlulisela kabusha, emihle nemibi voltage, imodi ukuqondanisa, ukuvumelanisa umamukeli, inkomba Iringa, njll

amakilasi

Uma sinesimo idivayisi esibulalayo, khona-ke uzobe ifakwe oxhumana isixhumi, uma ixhunywe - ukuvuleka. Ngohlobo Lomuntu Okufanele Ube efana isikhundla ejwayelekile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zikhona ezehlukile. Amasignali RS-232 esibonakalayo ukuxhumana yizigaba.

izinto ezalandela ezifana TXD, sokuthi ukusebenza zokuxhumana ezimele isiteshi serial, okuyinto ihlukaniswe zamabanga aphansi naphezulu. Lines ukusebenza nge ngokudlulisa ulwazi nokwamukela ke.

Ukuphatha uhlobo RTS has isihloko izwi ukunconywa. Kuyinto indlela e okubonisa kusukela serial zokuxhumana umugqa isiqalo ukuxhumana ukudluliswa komsindo phambi langempela. Kukhona isigaba ukuvumelanisa. Kule modi, imishini adlulisa izimpawu nomunye, okuvumela ukuba lula ukudluliselwa phakathi emagama.

converters

Ngaphambi esisingatha ngayo izimo lokuguqulela, RS-232, kubalulekile ukwazi ngokomthetho ukuthi kuyini nokuthi okudingayo. Ukuze wenze kube sobala, Converter - ngale adaptha. Kuleso simo, uma idivayisi has a Isixhumi olulodwa, kodwa kudingeka kwenye, ungakwazi uthenga i-adaptha. Ngakho, bonke Slots kudingekile sasidingeka noma, noma bamane nje isikhala esiningi.

Esimweni sethu, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa imishini ehlangene interface RS-232/422/485 COM-nezimbobo. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka amazinga ngabodwa kukagesi, ukudluliswa kolwazi senzeka ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima nge ukuphazamiseka kagesi. Inkinga kuleli cala kungenxa kuphela yokuthi uxhumano elula akwanele, kufanele ulungiselele ezingeni isofthiwe.

Ngokuvamile, imishini ezahlukene adingekayo ukuthumela idatha yobuchwepheshe yayo ekhethekile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba zisebenze nalawo lokuhlanganisa Izivumelwano ukuhumusha idatha ku umbono owodwa kuphela uma Converter - akunakwenzeka. Umsebenzi yalesi adaptha ukuthi lithathelwe uhlobo ulwazi ngocansi phakathi izingxenye ezithile uhlelo nge ubuchwepheshe ekhethekile.

Ngakho, ukucutshungulwa iphakethe sihamba ngesikhathi uhlelo isinyathelo. Uhlelo kushintsha isakhiwo ngezinto, kuthiwa ngocansi, isebenzisa olandelwayo ezahlukene.

ngezigaba

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi iyiphi Converter RS-232 esibonakalayo (etherne nabanye) kungenziwa libhekene nemingcele eziningana. Ngakho, ukucacisa esezingeni imishini kanye yezifiso hlobo. Futhi sicabanga izinga idatha, enquma isibalo esilinganisiwe izinto ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Umngcele we-elilandelayo - kungenzeka ukudluliswa ibanga, ngokusekelwe ibanga esiphezulu kusuka kwamanye engeyokuqala ngalinye, okuyinto bangadlulisela Imininingwane phakathi kwabo, kodwa ngenkathi sigcina ubuqotho bayo. Umugqa ukudluliswa emelelwa aphakathi, lapho idatha nje idluliselwa. Phakathi nemingcele inombolo "ukhuni" kanye abamukelayo, kanye kungenzeka ukuhlaziya wesifunda "konektinga" izingxenye eziyinhloko.

izibonelo

Ukuze RS-232 isebenza kahle esihambisana RS-485/422 interface, kudingeka uthole nje Converter, kanye nokuphathwa kohlelo. Kubalulekile nokukhumbula ukuthi ngeke sonke sihilelekile ezikhumulweni, ngakho 10 ezintathu kuphela kwezine evela sokudlulisa / thola idatha kanye isignali phansi. Ngenxa yalokho, inqubo ukuguqulwa uqobo imelelwa idatha kancane yezolimo kusuka ifomu eyodwa kuya kwenye. Kuleli qophelo, akukho ukuphenduka olandelwayo kwenzeka njengoba ukuguqulwa "ukhuni" I / O port.