Sofuba Genitourinary: izimpawu, uphethwe, izindlela ukutheleleka

Izifo kohlelo urinary kukhona lalivamile. Abakwazi kuthinte izinso, ngomgudu womchamo, esinyeni. Kuzo zonke izifo ukunikeza futhi ucabangele sofuba genitourinary. Mayelana nalesi sifo, odinga ukukwazi wonke umuntu, ngenxa yokugula sonke sibhekana.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nesifo sofuba, uwuchithe uhlelo urinary

Mhlawumbe hhayi umuntu onjalo, ongazange wezwa sofuba. Kuyinto isifo ovamile lapho bacterium abizwa ngokuthi ama imbewu eletha, kuthinte emaphashini. Nokho, akubona kuphela kulezi zitho bangaphila nezilwanyana ezincane okuthiwa. Labo nekhono extrapulmonary amafomu eyaziwa lesi sifo. Okokuqala phakathi kwalezi sofuba genitourinary.

ngempela lesi sifo kanjani? I urinary system Koch imbewu eletha iwe umzila hematogenous. Kulesi sisekelo, singaphetha ngokuthi umuntu-HIV sofuba kusukela nesineke evamile, likhiphele imvelo kwamagciwane. Kamuva Koch imbewu eletha Ungangenela uhlelo urinary ekusakazeni igazi. Ngakho, indlela ukutheleleka - lokuqala sisemoyeni bese hematogenous.

Isifo sofuba kohlelo urogenital kubantu besilisa nakubantu besifazane iqala ukulimala kwezinso. Kulawa, inqubo ezithathelwanayo kusakazwe tubules kwezinso, imithambo yegazi ukhalo kwezinso. Khona-ke kuthinta ureters, esinyeni urinary. Foci sofuba zenzeka kuwo womabili izinso, kodwa, ngokomthetho ethuthuka inqubo sokugembula e kuphela omunye pair of izitho zangaphakathi.

Njengoba isifo okhula ngayo? imbewu eletha Koch lapho hit in the izinso kuthinte cortex futhi medulla. Emzimbeni kukhona uhlevane. Kancane kancane ulcerate, lapho ukubola nokunjengoshizi. Ngenxa yalokho, izimbotshana akhiwa. Elibazungezile bayatfutfuka izinqubo ukuvuvukala, kukhona uhlevane. Konke lokhu kungaholela futhi ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwalelizwe izinso ukwakha pyonephrosis.

Nge ukuqhubeka sofuba genitourinary phakathi abesifazane namadoda kuthinta fibrotic futhi adipose capsule isitho yangaphakathi. Uhlevane nezilonda ivele ukhalo kwezinso, ureter. Wall ngenxa ke ukushwaqa, baba ngesinyenyela, edematous. Izilonda zarubtsovyvayutsya kamuva kwakhiwa isakhiwo ekuvimbeleni i outflow umchamo.

In the ukungabikho ukwelashwa okufanele yokutheleleka isuka izinso ukuba isinye. Inqubo sokugembula kuqala esifundeni lapho ureters ngokufanele. Esikhathini yangaphakathi isitho mucosa zenzeka lamachubu. Basuke ngaphansi nokwahlukana olwengeziwe. Endaweni yabo akhiwa izilonda, izibazi. Ngemva kwalokho esinyeni kuba esishwabene ngenxa yokuthi odongeni yangaphakathi isitho abathintekayo indawo izicubu sclerotic.

Isifo sofuba kohlelo genitourinary: esigabeni emfushane izifo

Ongoti umkhuba sisebenzise ngezigaba esihlukanisa emazingeni eziningana sifo:

• Esigabeni sokuqala lesi sifo libhekene sofuba infiltrative izinso, t. E. Non-elimazayo.
• In the isinyathelo sesibili lingcole kokuqala siyenzeka, isb. E. ingaphakathi Single avele ezincane. Ububanzi, zingabantu esingaphansi 1 isentimitha.
• In esigabeni sesithathu kukhona ekubhujisweni elinganiselwe. Kwelinye izingxenye izinso avele emigede ezinkulu noma sofuba polikavernozny.
• Ukuze esigabeni sesine elinesimo ekubhujisweni ngokuphelele noma subtotal.

Lwasemtholampilo isithombe lesi sifo

sofuba Genitourinary kungase ukuzibonakalisa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Shono nalesi sifo e-izincwadi zezokwelapha ezisekelwe ekwazisweni njengoba omunye "mystifies" ezivamile zezifo kwesinye, izinso kanye ngomgudu womchamo. On the zokubonisa sofuba ngokuvamile yezinkinga ezithinta wajoyina. Lokhu kungaba pyelonephritis, ezingamahlalakhona ukwehluleka kwezinso.

Izimpawu zesifo sofuba kwezinso zihlukaniswe amaqembu 2:

• izimpawu ezivamile ukuthi zenzeka lapho ushintsha isimo jikelele umuntu ogulayo;
• izimpawu zendawo, selihlukene e vula subjective (labo ukuzizwa) kanye nomgomo (Kutsho ochwepheshe kulolu cwaningo).

izimpawu ezivamile sofuba kohlelo urinary

Lapho lesi sifo 20-30% wabantu kukhuphuke izinga lokushisa komzimba. Ngokuvamile-ke zokhahlamba kusuka 37-38 degrees. Kwezinye iziguli izifo ezengeziwe, ukuxakeka waphawula lokushisa elilingana 38-39 degrees, Ukugodola livela.

Cishe ukubonwa nomfutho wegazi ophezulu (high blood pressure) e 5-18% abantu abagulayo. Ngaphambili, ochwepheshe babekholelwa ukuthi lokhu uphawu is phetho ukukhokha imali eningi pyelonephritis. Manje is wafakazela ukuthi nomfutho wegazi ophezulu - kuwuphawu lokuthi kungase kubonise izinso sofuba. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izigameko zalesi uphawu incike uhlobo lesi sifo. Ngokwesibonelo:

• sofuba parenchymal kwezinso nomfutho wegazi ophezulu kuthinta cishe 1.1% yabantu abagulayo;
• sofuba papilla kwezinso - 3.2%;
• tuberculous pyonephrosis polikavernoznom sofuba - 18.3%.

izimpawu zendawo subjective

Ngokuvamile abantu bebuza bethi, "izimpawu, uma kukhona isifo sofuba genitourinary, lokho?" Njengoba ngangizizwa ukuthi singenzeka - kuba ukuchama buhlungu futhi njalo. Ochwepheshe kulo 50-60-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu elidlule wembula le mfanelo kukho konke abantu. Khona-ke waqala ukuthambekela ukwehla ukuvama izimpawu. Esikhathini-yalolucwaningo 60-70,% 48 kuphela abantu bakhononda mayelana nokwephula ka ukuchama futhi eminyakeni engu-80 -% 43 kuphela eziguli. Eminyakeni yamuva, uphawu lingaphansi ezivamile. ukwehla okunjalo alichaza ukuvama izilonda ulwelwesi lwamafinyila lwesinye.

Kaningi kukhona izimpawu - ubuhlungu esifundeni lumbar ezivukayo lapho siqala ukuthuthukisa sofuba genitourinary. Lezi izimpawu ukhombe cishe kwesigamu iziguli womuntu. Izinhlungu ngokuvamile eyodwa emaceleni. Mayelana emizweni ezingemnandi yenziwe yaba yasendaweni nhlangothi zombili, ngazisa% 15-20 kuphela abantu abagulayo.

Ngokwemvelo yayo, ubuhlungu sibi, efana colic kwezinso. It kuvela ngenxa yokwephula umsebenzi excretory ngenxa ukuvaleka amahlule ureter igazi, ubovu kukakhokho, ukuvuvukala ulwelwesi lwamafinyila. colic kwezinso - uphawu ukuthi siyenzeka hhayi kuphela e sofuba kohlelo urinary. He is eyinqaba, kanye nezinye izifo. Omunye wabo - urolithiasis. Ukuze uthole ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe wenziwa luhlolo urological.

ubufakazi Local inhloso

Izici oshiwo ngenhla, esesikhundleni sofuba kohlelo genitourinary - izimpawu kukhona subjective. Izinkomba umgomo zihlanganisa pyuria. Leli gama lisho ngokukhuphuka kwenani leukocyte e umchamo. Leucocyturia - uphawu kokuqala isifo. Kulokhu, it akuyona impoqo. Uma ngokuhamba ukuhlaziywa umchamo amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ayitholiwe, it is hhayi lucatshangelwe njengobufakazi ukuntuleka isifo.

Izimpawu ze-TB zihlanganisa eritrotsiturii uhlelo urogenital. Kwezokwelapha, leli gama libhekisela ezingeni ephakeme egazi abomvu umchamo. Eminyakeni yamuva, lesi uhlamvu kwembulwe kaningi - cishe 70-75% abantu abagulayo. Izigameko zokushona ingqamuzana legazi elibomvu elihlobene ne-ukuthuthukiswa kwe-nqubo ebhubhisayo ku izinso.

Early uphawu umgomo sofuba - proteinuria (amaprotheni ukuthola nokuhlaziywa umchamo). It sitholakale 85-95% abantu abagulayo. On okuvela proteinuria abe imicabango yabantu ezimbalwa:

1. Abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi akahlotshaniswa ngesifo sofuba kohlelo urinary. umthombo amaprotheni, ngokombono wabo, kukhona obomvu egazi.
2. Abanye abacwaningi baye bame kwelokuthi protoinuriya kubangelwa izinguquko esiwohlozayo ku tubules kanye glomeruli nezinso.

Minyaka yonke, odokotela abaningi bethola esinye isibonakaliso isifo sofuba. Kumayelana bacteriuria nonspecific. Lesifo bungabonakala nhlobo izigaba zesifo. Ngokuvamile-ke ukukhombisa amafomu cavernous. Amagciwane nonspecific ukutheleleka urinary zihlukile. Ukhombe futhi Escherichia coli, futhi Staphylococcus, futhi Streptococcus, Izinduku ubomvu oluluhlaza. Akuyona into engavamile kuyinto flora okuxubile.

Uphawu onokwethenjelwa kunayo yonke mayelana isifo - ukuhlonza Koch inamathela ku umchamo. Nokho, ochwepheshe musa njalo uphatha ukuthola main causative ejenti lesi sifo. Ngisho yesimanje izindlela ukuhlolwa bacteriological musa asize. Iqiniso lokuthi abanye abantu ukuthatha imithi elwa namagciwane udokotela kusukela izifo ekhona noma aphuze le mithi, azibandakanya-medicate. Ngenxa yalokho, isifo sofuba Mycobacterium bangalahlekelwa ukukwazi kwabo nokuzala futhi ukhule. Ngemva betshala Yiqiniso, ngenxa yalesi sizathu ayikwazi ukutholwa. Kunzima ukuhlonza lwegciwane emzimbeni lomuntu ogulayo.

Ikakhulukazi sofuba kohlelo urinary e izingane nasebekhulile

Lesi sifo abadala ikakhulukazi. Ezinganeni, ingasaphathwa kutholakala sofuba genitourinary. uphawu kaningi futhi ekuqaleni kuka ezisuka kusukela kubo - lena polyuria, ie uphakamise izwi umchamo ... Zikhona nezinye izimpawu, kodwa zivame ezihlobene nezinye izifo. Esinye isici esibalulekile-TB ezinganeni ukuthi amantombazane ifomu evame kakhulu yokusebenzisa isifo singakabi elimazayo, futhi abafana - elimazayo.

Isifo sofuba kohlelo urinary sihlasela abantu abaningi abadala. Lokhu kungenxa ukwehla ekumeleleni mzimba, ukuvela izifo ezihlukahlukene. On izimpawu ze-TB ezithinta asekelayo nezifo urological. Lezi zihlanganisa: .. kwegazi, izifo yaleli pheshana emathunjini, izinso amatshe isifo, pyelonephritis nonspecific, njll Ngenxa yalokhu, isifo sofuba kohlelo urinary is ayitholiwe njalo. Izimpawu zayo kuthiwa simaskwe izimpawu zezifo ngenhla.

Izici we okhona wezifo in abesilisa nabesifazane

Kusukela phansi incike manifest kanjani isifo sofuba genitourinary. Ngo abesifazane, izimpawu zihlanganisa ubuhlungu kancane ezinzima. In amadoda, banamandla. Futhi kukhona okuningi amathuba isifo sofuba, ezithweni zangasese. Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi lokhu sokuqhubekela phambili kuzo abesifazane kwenzeka kuphela 7% amacala, kuyilapho amadoda - 31%.

Uma ucabangela sofuba genitourinary ezingabantu, izimpawu zalesi sifo, kuyafaneleka ukuthi owokuqala Koch imbewu eletha hit wendlala (wendlala). Ngo inqubo sokugembula abathintekayo bese nezinye izingxenye zokuzala isakhiwo uhlelo: vesicle kwesidoda, testis, epididymis. Ezimweni ezingavamile, wenduku abathintekayo. Kubonakala isifo isilonda esithinta neuropathy zamanzi. izimpawu ezinjalo baphawula phezu umthondo, zidinga ukuxilongwa umehluko nomdlavuza.

sofuba Genitourinary: Ihlahlubo

Lapho sitholakele izindlela zokwelapha ezisetshenziswa kuqala. Abavumeli ukuthi thembeke ukunquma umuntu has sofuba noma cha. Nokho, ochwepheshe ukubona izimpawu okusolisayo sibonga kubo. izindlela zocwaningo Clinical zihlanganisa ucwaningo umuntu ogulayo, enifeza ukuhlolwa, palpation yezindawo ezibuhlungu.

Indima ebalulekile sitholakele izindlela play laboratory:

1. Iziguli kuhlolwe igazi. Akazange ukuveza noma yikuphi izici ezithile esivela sofuba kohlelo urinary, kodwa ongabonisa leukocytosis futhi anda erythrocyte sedimentation izinga. Lokhu kuzobonisa khona ukuvuvukala emzimbeni.
2. Aqokwe umchamo. Lena indlela eyinhloko uphethwe isifo sofuba laboratory. Esikhathini umchamo e isifo esitholakala Koch imbewu eletha, ezinye izifo (uma ikhona, noma ukuthuthukiswa yezinkinga). Assays ingase ibonise proteinuria, pyuria, eritrotsiturii.

Ochwepheshe ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa zonke izindlela okungenzeka uphenyo, inhlanganisela yabo futhi ukusetshenziswa amaningi.

Uhlu zokupopola kuhlanganisa tuberculin. essence yayo itholakala ekuphathweni ongama medium ekhethekile uqweqwe. Ibizwa ngokuthi tuberculin. Tuberculin Sine izinkomba kanye contraindications. Ngu izinkomba zihlanganisa: izinsolo sofuba kohlelo genitourinary, nokuhlolwa komthelela eyenziwa umuthi othile wokwelapha, inqubo control umsebenzi. Izimo izenzo isici esiyingqayizivele.

Lapho sitholakele isifo sofuba zingasebenzisa izindlela endoscopic yophenyo:

1. Omunye wabo - a cystoscopy. Kule ndlela, i endoscope, okuyinto ipayipi nge ukukhanyiselwa izinhlelo optical, is eyayifakwa urethra ku esinyeni. izimpawu Nonspecific sofuba kuphuma hyperemia ngokukhukhumala kwentamo noma ebalulekile njengesenzo yangaphakathi isitho mucosa. izimpawu ezibonakalayo cystoscopy sezempi - tubercles, izibazi, izilonda kwakheka kwi indawo.
2. Kwezinye izimo, lapho akunakwenzeka ukwenza ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe futhi kukhona ezinye ukungabaza, aphethwe endovezikalnaya biopsy. Lapho-ke bafeza izinto kocingo ucwaningo. Umphumela ziqinisekisa khona sofuba esinyeni umdlavuza. Nge yalokho omubi akusho ukubeka eceleni isifo sofuba.

Njengoba izindlela zocwaningo asizayo esetshenziswa esimweni plain no tomography. Ngalezi zindlela yophenyo ochwepheshe uzofunda izinso imingcele, isimo amafutha perinephric embula calcifications futhi izikhungo Ukuqina sekuyenzeka we urinary system izitho, izindlala zamanzi, isikhala retroperitoneal. Kusebenza ngesikhathi sofuba angiography kwezinso. Ngalo usethe izinguquko elibhubhisayo izinso, kwezinso izakhiwo semithambo ahlale phansi atadishe, sokunquma ikhono ukuhlinza ukulondoloza nokuphakamisa izinso izicubu ivolumu ukuba resected.

Ngezinye izikhathi enikezwe-ultrasound scan. Le ndlela non-koda zophenyo. Ultrasound ukuhlola uhlelo pyelocaliceal, ukutholakala komdlavuza usaqala ezinso, izinguquko sclerotic, calcifications emaphaketheni, izimbobo emazinyweni, izinhlumba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo Ehostruktura izilonda engenakwenzeka ukwenza ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe. Ukuhlola imiphumela ultrasound ungenziwa kuphela ukuphakamisa khona isifo sofuba.

Ukwelashwa zemithi isifo

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa sofuba kohlelo genitourinary inikezwa kuye ngokuthi isiphi isigaba:

• Ezigabeni kokuqala imithi osetshenziswayo. Iziguli babelwa izidakamizwa tuberculostatic lihambisana macrolides futhi fluoroquinolones, immunomodulators, ama-enzyme proteolytic. Kukhethwa izidakamizwa odokotela, ikhumbula abe nozwela ukuthola M. sofuba kanye nomthelela yokwelapha isicelo.
• Ngezinye esiteji III isifo emithini yokuselapha kuhlangene engashiyi ukuhlinzwa. Isiguli noma ngokwengxenye nephrectomy kavernotomiya angabelwa (kuvulwa ngalo ingaphakathi).
• Ngesikhathi esigabeni yokugcina lesi sifo imithi eyenziwa futhi nephrectomy (ukususwa izinso abathintekayo).

Nephrectomy phakathi TB ohlelweni urinary oluphakeme ngokuvamile. Lokhu kungenxa ireferensi ngasekupheleni ngokuphathelene nokunakekelwa ngokwezempilo engalawuliwe yokwelapha esezingeni onekhono. Ngemva nephrectomy, ukuxakeka nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa zingenzeka, kodwa ezingavamile kakhulu. Lezi zihlanganisa hematoma, ithumba amafutha ongama, ubomvu, futhi eside ephulukisa fistulas, hernias.

Isifo sofuba kohlelo urogenital ezingabantu, okungukuthi umthondo, nzima ukwelapha. Muhle sibi amenable yokwelapha olandelanayo. Ukuze ukwelashwa baqokwa ethize elwa ne-TB e umthamo efanayo e sofuba kohlelo urinary. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho isifo kuboniswa immobilization nge scrotal uvalwe eduze heats isicelo novocaine blockades intambo spermatic (ngokuhlanganyela streptomycin). Isifo sofuba lowesilisa uhlelo urogenital iphathwa izinyanga 2 noma 3. Uma imiphumela akuzona eyanelisayo, khona-ke Kwenziwa resection we epididymis noma epididymectomy. Lapho ukunqotshwa ngokuphelele testis kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa ukuze uyisuse. Uma i-TB kuthinta endlaleni engasesinyeni kanye vesicles kwesidoda, bese linqume ukwelashwa olandelanayo.

Ekuphetheni, kuyafaneleka ukuthi isifo sofuba genitourinary eba kweminyaka engaba ngu-10-15 lapho kuqala yamaphaphu noma osteoarticular sofuba. Lapho izimpawu Kunconywa ukuba ufune usizo art hhayi uyephuza ukuvakashelwa, ngoba ngenxa Ukudlondlobala kwalesi sifo ngokuzayo kungadinga ukususwa izinso. Ngo kusaqalwa umphumela onjalo ingavinjelwa.