South Ural Reserve (isithombe)

South Ural Reserve - iyindawo okuyinto kuwufanele ngokuvakashela for ubani ngenkuthalo nesithakazelo WaseRussia izinto eliyingqayizivele. Futhi ukwenza kanjalo kunconywa hhayi kuphela izivakashi kude naseduze phesheya, kodwa futhi ukuba abakhileyo ezweni lakithi. Kungani? Into iwukuthi ngezinye izikhathi, ozalwa noma abahlala eduze indawo zinkulu, asitholanga isikhathi ukubazi nabo eduze.

I South Ural Reserve yiyo ukuya ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Njalo-ke kuyinto enhle futhi eyingqayizivele ngendlela yabo. On isiphethu enhle, ihlobo noma ekwindla izinsuku lapha ungakhululeka phakathi kwemithi kanye utshani, ukuphefumula umoya ohlanzekile, ukuqoqa, kuye ngokuthi inkathi, izimbali, izithelo noma amakhowe. Kodwa ebusika South Ural State egicna imvelo liphenduka iyipharadesi kubathandi kwako, ukudlala weqhwa noma abayizimpumputhe a Snowman omkhulu.

Le ndatshana ihlose ngikuxoxele indawo kumnandi, elisoGwini insimu yezwe lethu. South Ural Reserve empeleni unedumela njengoba iholidi endaweni oluthandayo bendawo. Kodwa izivakashi ezivela kwamanye amazwe, ngeshwa, azikho eziningi kangaka, kodwa labo namanje nenhlanhla uvakashele lapha, njengoba umthetho, thatha ikhaya lazo kuphela izithombe ezimibalabala, kodwa futhi nezinkumbulo ezinhle.

indawo ezinhle

South Ural Reserve, ogama izithombe kungatholakala cishe njalo incwadi, anikezelwe ubuhle bezwe lethu, kokubili esisogwini yeRiphabliki of Bashkortostan (90% endaweni Beloretsk) nasesikhathini Chelyabinsk esifundeni.

Phela, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi Katav-Ivanovo reserve wesifunda nge endaweni esingaphezu kwezinkulungwane 24. Ha, ku Chelyabinsk esifundeni., Ingabe etholakala endaweni sezintaba kakhulu futhi olunothile Urals Southern.

Intaba ububanzi, ezinqamula park emvelo

South Ural State Reserve itholakala eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, wamjamisa esiqongolweni Urals Southern. Lamagquma Mashakah, Nara Zigalga, futhi Kumardak Yamantau ifomu afanayo entabeni node eliphakeme nge uphawu eliphakeme e 1639 m ngaphezu kolwandle. uchungechunge Western lumelwe lapha iphakama okuqondene lonke uhlelo Dry esishisayo (Merry, Round, Sall, placer).

Inxanxathela ifomu uchungechunge njengoba bulala Mashakah Yamantau afanayo.

Imifula kanye nezinhlelo zamanzi

I wokugodlwa yesimiso emfuleni esifundeni nakangaka. White. Zonke nemifula lapha akunakubangelwa isigaba emifuleni encane, ngoba uyokwenezelelwa ubude yabo km esingaphansi 100. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke ezibhekwa Small futhi Inzer elikhulu, Tyulmen, Yuryuzan nokubhonga.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona 13 imifula 10-19 km ubude. Inombolo ephelele creeks amancane ukusakaza ifinyelela kuyabamangaza izingcezu 300.

Iningi emifuleni ogeleza egcwele esiqiwini, ne izinga eliphakeme module has indishi abakhwabanisi. Tyulmen. Summer-ekwindla amanzi ongaphakeme senzeka ngo-June nango-October, kodwa njalo kuphazamisekile yizikhukhula imvula.

Simisiwe emfuleni esiqiwini, njengoba umthetho, ekuqaleni kuka-Novemba. Zeqhwa ngokuvamile iqhubeka kuze eyishumi ka April wesibili.

Kodwa lemali kunabo amanzi iqinile ngo-August.

Umlando kokudaliweyo esiqiwini

Kuze mayelana maphakathi nekhulu XVIII. insimu okwakuhlala kuyo namuhla eNingizimu Ural Reserve, babonwa kabi athuthukile.

Ngokwesibonelo, ebuka incwadi emlandweni zakule ndawo, ungabona ukuthi 1795 ezakhiwa khona amadolobhana amancane amathathu kuphela - Berdagulovo, Aripkulovo futhi Ilmyashevo.

Abantu lapha Art XVIII-XIX. ikakhulukazi wahlanganyela pastoralists semi ayimizulane, ngezinye izikhathi apiculture. Phela, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kuze kube manje esiqiwini walondoloza isihlahla izihlahla eziyize.

Ekhulwini XVIII. Yaqala okubizwa ngokuthi intaba-factory esiteji ukuthuthukiswa Urals Southern: izitshalo yensimbi-sokuncibilikisa ziye zakhelwe emngceleni esiqiwini. Waqala emikhulu, ngezinye izikhathi budedengu, ukugawulwa kwemithi ke elimazayo. Ukwakhiwa I amaziko namalahle idinga omningi imithombo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa yensimbi nsimbi wenziwa esiqiwini.

Ngo-1924, ngenhlanhla imvelo, izitshalo kwavinjwa, bese ivaliwe, kanye nokuthuthukiswa imboni ihlathi.

Flora yaseNingizimu Ural Reserve

Kuze kube manje, endaweni kwepaki yemvelo 698 zezitshalo ephakeme, 121 ukubukwa amakhowe, eziningi moss, umhlabathi ulwelwe ulele.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi abaningi babo ezisohlwini Red Book of Russia, futhi 57 zinhlobo izinsalela kwezinkathi Geological esidlule kweqiniso.

Lijikeleziswe esiqiwini 90% endaweni embozwe, kwezinhlobo ukhiye isihlahla ziya softwood (4 izinhlobo) futhi izihlahla lezihlahla (10 zinhlobo).

32% ezindaweni ezabelwe kuhlala coniferous amahlathi sonwele-fir, lapho ikakhulukazi fir ezivamile futhi sonwele laseSiberia. akhiwa amahlathi coniferous, njengoba umthetho, Scots uphayini asezindaweni engxenyeni eseningizimu esiqiwini, ngiwo, ngeshwa, savelelwa ngenxa kakhulu ukugawulwa kwemithi ngokungemthetho.

Found esiqiwini futhi afanayo encane nge predominance grey Alder, Linden serdtselistnoy, esihlahleni se-okhi isiNgisi, Maple, birch futhi Fluffy emazombezombe, willow ezahlukene, inyoni cherry.

South Ural Reserve. Izilwane nezinyoni

Esiqiwini iyikhaya 50 zezilwane ezincelisayo, izinhlobo ezingu-260 - yezilwane ezinomgogodla, 20 - inhlanzi, 189 -ptits, futhi 5 zilwane ezihuquzelayo nezilwane eziphila ezweni.

Nezilwane mammalian ikakhulukazi emelelwa abakhileyo ihlathi, kodwa kunezinhlobo ezimbili ngazivumelanisa nendlela - kuyinto mink American futhi muskrat.

Ungulates amaphiva ezivamile ikakhulukazi. Isibalo sazo izilwane kuyinto abantu 400-700 kuphela, engesiyo kakhulu kunalokho ongase ukucabange efika kuqala.

Ngezikhathi ezithile, behamba ezindleleni ihlathi utshani, ungase futhi uhlangabezana inyamazane futhi yasendle. Ilokhu reserve South Ural uhlala 13 zezilwane ezincelisayo okuzingela, kuhlanganise brown bear, amakholomu, impisi, impungushe, ama-lynx, marten, uchakide, Ermine nabanye.

Kukhona futhi baphelela republic Otter emfuleni. Izakhamuzi ajwayelekile futhi wandile of Natural Park kubhekwe njengento badger nonogwaja.

Phakathi Nendawo ka esiqiwini iyikhaya 19 zezintaka namagundane, okuyiqembu ezivamile squirrel, Chipmunk, i-beaver, amagundane kanye voles. A zezinyoni ezingavamile kakhulu - lena mhlawumbe squirrel flying. Izinambuzane owethulwe lapha zinhlobo eziyisishiyagalombili, i-evame kakhulu European Hedgehog kanye imvukuzane, Shrew, nabanye.

Kuze kube manje, ncamashi 189 zezinyoni ezihlala esiqiwini. By the way, 11 babo baye eside ohlwini ezisengozini ezweni lakithi: peregrine falcon, abamnyama nonogolantethe, i-golden eagle, ihansi Red-, inyoka ukhozi ukhozi enkulu nezimanakanaka, ukhozi elimhlophe-tailed, ukhozi, ukhozi, Oystercatcher, shrike.

Nezilwane inyoni bahlanganisa ikakhulu ihlathi izinyoni, grouse ezivamile futhi capercaillie.

Iyini indima ekuvikelweni Nature Reserve

Lo mbuzo udinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ngakho kuyakufanelekela it ukunikeza impendulo eningiliziwe. Kuyini isidingo lendawo, uma ikhona, yebo, lapho?

Lonke Iphuzu liwukuthi South-Ural Russian yokulondoloza imvelo yasungulwa ukuze izakhiwo esiyingqayizivele engokwemvelo Urals Southern liyalondolozwa, injalo zemvelo yasekuqaleni. Lena okunethezeka sonwele-fir amahlathi kuyiqiniso ngokukhethekile. zezinyoni ezingavamile flora zendawo, nezilwane, amaxhaphozi zemvelo, isitshalo emiphakathini alpine - konke okuyizinto kufanele walondolozwa ukuze izizukulwane ezizayo, kanye ngokuba okuhle ezweni lethu.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Ukukhuluma ngale park emvelo, ingasaphathwa ezimbalwa idatha ezithakazelisayo kakhulu.

Ngokwesibonelo, akubona bonke uyazi kude ukuthi inani reserve ubude 270. Le ndawo omkhulu ngempela, ngisho e-Russian Federation esikalini.

Ingxenye yaso esentshonalanga esiqiwini - ibhange kwesokudla emfuleni. Yamashta, p. Tyulmen futhi nemithambeka esisempumalanga okuthiwa ezintabeni ezomile. Northern Cordon futhi kuvumelana umngcele wezwe, okuyinto mayelana 40 km.

Esiqiwini itholakala kanjalo ingxenye ephakeme kakhulu Urals eningizimu. Lapha, kwi insimu yalo, enanikade based nemizana ekhethekile abantu becindezela futhi ikamu ukuyongqwa ngoba amaJalimane.