Ucwaningo lwesayensi yezinyosi? Igama mayelana namahhashi

Isintu esivela phambili sisuka emvelweni, umuntu ojwayelekile owaziwa yi-philistine futhi uyakhumbula ngakho. Isibonelo, akusiwo wonke umuntu othi isayensi yezinyolo zezifundo. Futhi abaningi abazi ukuthi kukhona. Umuntu ofundele kangako uzokwazi ukuqagela isihloko sokutadisha ngegama lesayensi - kodwa ngesikhathi sobuchwepheshe obuncane babantu abanolwazi olungahlobene nemisebenzi yabo esheshayo, luyaqhubeka luba ngaphansi. Ngakho-ke, izinhlu zalabo abangasho ukuthi isayensi isifundo sezinyolo noma yiziphi ichthyologists ezenzayo ngokushesha. Kwabaningi, akujwayele nje, ngisho noma amagama ahlabayo kahle.

Umlando wezinyolo

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, umlando osemthethweni wesayensi uhlanganisa cishe amatshumi amathathu, nakuba wathola igama lesimanje nje eminyakeni engamakhulu ayisithupha edlule. Njengoba imvubu isayensi yamahhashi, ngaso sonke isikhathi, uma nje lesi silwane singumngane ohlala njalo futhi obaluleke kakhulu kumuntu, sathuthuka futhi sathuthuka njalo. Amarekhodi okuqala, okukhulunywe ngawo ku-hippology, aqoshiwe amakhulu eminyaka ngaphambi kwenkathi yethu. Yiqiniso, kwakunamininingwane embalwa eyaziwayo, kepha ukubhekwa okusebenzayo kwakulondolozwe ngokucophelela futhi kuhlaziywe. Ngokuvamile, bakhathazeke ukusetshenziswa kwamahhashi, ukugqoka kwabo kanye naphandle - idatha yangaphandle.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izithakazelo zesayense zezazi ze-hippologists ziye zaphazamisa. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, baqala ukufaka imvelaphi yehhashi nokuziphendukela kwayo kwemvelo, izifo zomzimba, i-anatomy, izici eziphilayo zokukhiqiza, ukubunjwa kwemikhakha emelana nokulondolozwa kwezici zezizwe.

Njengoba i-hippology iyisayensi yamahhashi, igama layo lenziwa ngamagama ahambisana nesiGreki. Imvubu ekuhumusheni isho ihhashi, nemigomo - imfundiso yalo (ku "igama" elibhalisiwe).

Hippology eRussia

Ngenkathi ihhashi laliyingxenye ebalulekile ezindleleni ezihlukahlukene zomnotho, isayensi ebukhulu besifunda saseRashiya akagcini nje kuphela ukugubha ngemuva kwamandla omhlaba, kodwa ngezindlela ezithile waze waqeda. I-Hippology yayiyisihloko sokuphoqelelwa kubaphathi namagadetshe amabutho namabutho amahhashi nezikole. Umsebenzi wokuzalanisa oqondisayo ucebisa umhlaba ngezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamahhashi (isibonelo, ama-Oryol trotters namanje ayakwazisa abalimi behhashi).

Kodwa-ke, emva kweMpi Yezwe YokuQala YeMpi kancane kancane yaqala ukunyamalala ezindaweni zaseRussia. Isimo samanje sinjalo sokuthi sifundiswa ngendlela eqondile kuphela kubafundi bezilwane, futhi kusekelwe ezintweni ezishicilelwe eminyakeni yama-60. Iqiniso elibalulekile: kubonakala sengathi owokugcina owaziyo ukuthi isayensi yezinyolo ezifundiswayo, futhi wayeyazi kahle amahhashi, wayengumlawuli wamanga uBenenny, ongu-editorship owakhishwa incwadi yezincwadi ezinhlanu ngehhashi, equkethe imininingwane ephelele kunazo zonke ngaleso sikhathi. Njengoba amahhashi ayephelile ukuba abe ibutho lempi elinqabile, futhi amahhashi emasimini ashintshwa ngamatrakta futhi ahlanganisa, isayensi yazo yaba yinto engadingekile.

Okushiwo isayensi yokuvuvukala

Ngaphandle kwamanye amazwe, ulwazi olumayelana namahhashi lugcinwa futhi izibonelelo zokufundwa kwazo zihlukanisiwe, nakuba kuhlaka oluhle kakhulu kunekhulu leminyaka edlule. Kodwa-ke, izinkomba ezihlukahlukene zentshisekelo kuma-hippologists zisagcinwa:

1. I-anatomy yamahhashi ifundiswa kahle. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwakhe aluyeki: ososayensi banesithakazelo ekuthandweni kwesilwane sezinto ezihlukahlukene.
2. I-physiology ihlolwe ikakhulukazi kusukela ekubukeni kwabalingiswa abahamba ngezinyawo kanye nezinga lokufaneleka kwabo ngezinhloso ezehlukene.
3. Umsebenzi wezinhlanga, ukudala izinhlobo ezintsha, kudingekile ngaphezu kwamanye.
4. Naphezu kokunciphisa kwezindawo zasolwandle kulo lonke iplanethi, amahhashi asinda kokubili emidlalweni yokugqekeza nasezintweni zokuzalanisa. Ososayensi-ama-hippologists bahlanganyela ekwakheni ukudla okulungile, izimo zokugcinwa nokunakekelwa kwamahhashi.
5. I-Hippology nayo inegatsha layo ekugulweni kwezilwane: ukwelashwa kwamahhashi kuhilela ubuningi obuqili kanye nama-nuances.

Kusha ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa amahhashi ekwelapheni izifo eziyinkimbinkimbi zobuntwana, ikakhulukazi i-cerebral palsy. Yathola igama le-hippotherapy, futhi phakathi kwama-hippologists lapho kubonakala khona isazi sezinkanyezi ezithintekayo zokusungula oxhumana nabo phakathi komuntu nesilwane.

Izikhombisi ze-hippology

Ezweni lakithi isayensi yokuvuvukala (isithombe sento yaso ngenhla) siyaziwa ngaphansi kwegama lokuzalisa ihhashi, elibuye libe nezinkomba eziningana:

• Ukuzala - ukuzaliswa kwezinhlanga ezikhona kakade nokugcina ubumsulwa begazi; Amahhashi anjalo athandwa kakhulu njengento yokuthekelisa;
• I-Rabotchepozyatelskoe: nakuba njengesilwane sezolimo ihhashi liye lalahlekelwa ukubaluleka kwalo isikhathi eside, emapulazini abuzimele nasezindaweni ezisezintabeni ezibalulekile ukubaluleka okuthile kwehhashi kuye kwagcinwa;
• Ukukhiqiza - inyama yehhashi, nakuba iphansi ngokwezinga lezinyosi nenyama yengulube, kodwa noma kunjalo iyimkhiqizo ebalulekile futhi isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwe-sausage;
• Ezemidlalo: ukulima, ukuqeqeshwa kanye nokulungiselela abahlanganyeli abakhulu emincintiswaneni yokulingana - amahhashi.

Amathemba Okungenzeka

Kuyadabukisa, kodwa kuze kube yilapho amahhashi aphinde abe yingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila komuntu, imvubukulo, isayensi yamahhashi, ngeke kuzalwe kabusha. Okunye ukukhanyiswa yikuthi: akuzange kube yisikhathi eside kakhulu incwadi encwadini yamahhashi ka-I. Khienkina wabonakala. Yebo, futhi ama-hippologists akwanele kuma-studios akhona. Kodwa-ke, cishe, isayensi yamahhashi izoqhubeka isinyamalale ezweni lanamuhla.