Uhlelo School. Tiphumuti - ke ...

Igama elithi "zokuloba" iza kithi ezisusela olimini lwesiLatin. Ngokwezwi nezwi igama elithi punctum - "iphuzu." Tiphumuti - uhlelo etadisha zibabazo kanye netimo tekutsi ngendlela adlale ngayo kule iziphakamiso. Ingabe kudingekile ngempela ukuyisebenzisa? Kuyinto ukuqonda futhi adlulisele ulwazi ulwazi olungako zamagama lokubhala amakhono?

Uhlolojikelele

Izincwadi, okusho imisindvo, emagama akhiwa. Ngabo, abantu ukuxhumana. Kodwa ukuqonda ngezinye izikhathi insufficiently wezwa ngokuphelele ukuphinyiselwa okufanele kwamagama ngendlela ethile. Talking, abantu basebenzisa intonations ezahlukene, manje akhulisa, manje wehlise ithoni. Ngakho, igxila isilaleli wathi. Phakathi kwamagama noma amaqembu ngamunye wabo ingasetshenziswa ngezikhawu anobude obungalingani. Ngaphandle zonke lezi zinto hhayi angenza, ngobe kunika ukusikisela umthunzi ezithile incazelo. Ukukhuluma ngezwi lakho, kuphumula lingabizwa idlulisele ukwaziswa interlocutor. Futhi indlela yokukwenza zonke kumuntu ubhala, isibonelo, umlayezo? Njengoba nje kulotshiwe ngokuphumelelayo ukwethula isimo sabo sengqondo ukuze kuyini na? Kanjani ukubonisa futhi ukuveza imizwa yakho? Ukuthi lokhu kuzosiza zokuloba. Lena ithuluzi esisiza ukuhlonza buviyoviyo phezu incwadi.

Inani

Belingana isipelingi zenkulumo - kuyinto edingekayo ihluzo simiso yiluphi ulimi. Ulwazi ukulungiselelwa efanele ezahlukene izimpawu zokubhala kuyinto esidingekile njengoba isipelingi abanekhono. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kuyoba khona ukucophelela kanye okuqukethwe umbhalo. Yini edingekayo ukuze bonke abafunda baqonda babuhlahlubisisa kwaziswa? Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukufaka ngolimi kazwelonke usethe imithetho ukubeka izimpawu zokubhala. Encwadini bezizwe ezihlukahlukene, bangase babe isithombe esifanayo ingcaca, kodwa kuyahluka ukubaluleka kwalo futhi, ngakho-ke, isimo ukusetshenziswa. Kodwa into eyinhloko akunjalo. Kubalulekile ukuthi abameleli ulimi olufanayo futhi baqonde ukubaluleka ekubizweni isiphumuzi.

sici

zokuloba Russian kungabonwa ngomqondo emincane futhi ebanzi. Esimweni sokuqala sikhuluma zokuloba eziyisisekelo. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ekupheleni yimuphi isiphakamiso ukubeka ephuzwini. Ukuze udlulisele uhlelo iphimbo interrogative, ukubonakaliswa komusa Umbala ngokomzwelo kudingeka umbuzo noma tibabato, ellipsis. Lokhu kuphawula ekugcineni kwemusho. Ngezinye izikhathi ingxenye-syntax kuthiwa bahlukana ngu ukhefana, isemikholoni, dash, ikholoni. Zibizwa ngokuthi izimpawu "kusho" umusho. Gqamisa ingxenye izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi syntactic kungenzeka esebenzisa izakhi double (kolayini noma amakhoma), kubakaki futhi bokhulunyiwe. It abhanqiwe izimpawu excretory. Sekukonke kukhona nambili. Ukuze ngokubhala nokubhala futhi ekuqondeni okuyikho nabafundi kudingeka bazi ngesimo ukubeka ngamunye wabo.

Ngokuyisisekelo ukukhuluma izimpimiselo - kuyindlela lenhlangano kwezendawo umbhalo. Lapha ungakwazi ukukhuluma division of indentation, izikhala, asterisk nezinye izimpawu. Ngokuhamba inqubo yemfundo nabo, futhi, kudingeka ujwayelane abafundi. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze baqonde ngokugcwele imithetho ukuklanywa nokwakhiwa kombhalo. I eziphelele kakhulu enemininingwane isitatimende nemithetho tiphumuti yethulwe izingane ngemuva kwelibanga 7th. Ngaphambi ababezitholile izimiso ehlakazekile kuphela ezifaka zokuloba. Ibanga 8 inikeza Ukulifunda ngijule ngaphezulu kwalesi simiso izimpawu zokubhala imikhiqizo. Ukuqaphela ukuthi usebenzisa izici ezibonwayo umbhalo is kuphihlizwe, ngokubhala isici isakhiwo sidlulile iyunithi syntactic futhi iphimbo layo.

ngoba izimpawu zokubhala test

Ngosizo imisebenzi olukhethekile lwe-computer, ungabheka izinga labo ulwazi kule ndawo. Ukuhlola kubonisa amaphutha ezivamile zizobonisa izizathu zabo. I izincomo, okuyinto siyonikwa emva ukuqaliswa kanye yokuqinisekisa imisebenzi, ukusiza ukugwema amaphutha esikhathini esizayo. Lolu hlelo luyatholakala ukuba abafundi basesikoleni esiphakeme, nabasha abangenayo inyuvesi nabafundisi isiRashiya, kanye nabantu abakuphila umsebenzi ixhunyiwe ngokukhula kokukwazi yabo futhi usihlole kwabanye.

kusuka emlandweni

Kumiswa zokuloba Russian esasinakho ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Nakubukwa jikelele, kwaba efana ekwakhiweni imithetho izimpawu zokubhala kwezinye izilimi zaseYurophu. Kodwa izimpawu zokuloba lihlukile emakhulwini eminyaka adlule kuze kube manje. Ngo Rus lasendulo 'emagama nemisho kungukuthi bahlukana. Ababhali Kwa-umsebenzi wabo wasebenzisa izimpawu ezifana iphuzu engu- mihlobiso umugqa. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile embhalweni nothile ikholoni, kubakaki, umbuzi. I okunye ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo abathintekayo ngokwethula icala typographic. Kuphela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, lapho kumiswa isiRashiya yesimanje tetemibhalo, eqinisa nemiqondo eyisisekelo ngakwesokunene nenye yazo zonke ukusetshenziswa izimpawu zokubhala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo nomele owaziwa isayensi yohlelo lokubhala M. V Lomonosov iqala umsebenzi wakhe omkhulukazi: idala "Grammar Russian" (1755). Lo muntu emsebenzini wakhe emenza zokuloba Russian njengoba isayensi.

Lapho ososayensi befunda

Waqhubeka umsebenzi umfundi wakhe Lomonosov, onguprofesa eMoscow University, A. A. Barsov. Ngokusobala, ngokunembile futhi ngokucacile ebekwe imithetho tiphumuti Russian emsebenzini wakhe ngokwesayensi. Kodwa "Grammar" yayo ifinyelele kithi kuphela ngesimo wesandla. Ulwazi ehlelekile futhi ehlelekile mayelana zokuloba enikeziwe Academician J. K. Groth encwadini yakhe "isipelingi Russian". Eminyakeni eminingi ngangihlanganyela wawufunda umlando kanye kumiswa ulimi nezigaba zayo ngazinye. Le ncwadi - ngowokuqala ezweni lethu, iqoqo lupelomagama netimphawu tekubhala imithetho. Groth Umsebenzi eyaziwa kahle ukuze samelana edishini amabili ngaphambi 1917.