Ukugonywa ADSM abadala: Izimo, ukuxakeka, kanye nokubuyekeza

Kwenzeka kanjalo ukuba iningi labantu abadala futhi ngokwanele abantu abafundile zikholelwa ukuthi le nkulumo "wokugoma" ingasho kuphela ezinganeni. lokugoma engalungile lapho isikhulile nje zihlobane ngendlela ingane.

ADSM - kuyini

ADSM izinhlamvu ujwayelene kithi kusukela ebuntwaneni. Lisho ukuthini ADSM-yokugoma? abadala sokuqonda nezingane yakhelwe umgomo ofanayo. Isifingqo "DSA" kusho "idiphtheria Toxoid-Stobnyachny", uhlamvu "M" lumelela igama elithi "ezincane", okungukuthi nge lemali esincishisiwe wokugoma antigen.

ADSM - wokugoma ukuthi inoculated ngokumelene ngqi futhi idiphtheria. Ukugonywa ADSM abadala kudingeka futhi, kanye nezingane, it zivikela ngqi futhi idiphtheria. Umgomo siqukethe adsorbed ukuhlanzwa ku aluminium hydroxide, ngqi futhi idiphtheria toxoids. toxoid ukuhlanzwa - iphathwa, okungukuthi, buthaka lwegciwane ubuthi, buthaka ngokwanele nje singazilimazi emzimbeni womuntu, kuyilapho kulondolozwa ikhono kukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe amasosha omzimba.

Lo mshini wezenzo ADSM

Ukugonywa ADSM abadala ngendlela umzimba obuthaka wethula ngqi futhi idiphtheria ubuthi, wambambezela izakhiwo zabo immunogenic. Ubuthi kubangele, kuphendulwa khona ukukhiqizwa ethize omzimba umzimba. Bayoba kamuva ukubhubhisa idiphtheria nomhlathi-ngqi.

Ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, lokugoma ngandlela-thile afana kusulwe, ayahluleka, ifomu izifo ezithathelwanayo akusho ziyingozi impilo vaktsinanta futhi odala ukumelana igiya zokuzivikela iminyaka eminingi.

Izinkomba yokugoma ADSM

Ukugonywa ADSM abadala iqondiswa njalo ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi wokuphila, okungukuthi, ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi wokugoma zokugcina, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi mdala kangakanani esikhathini yokugoma, njalo kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe.

Uma lokugoma umbuso eyaphulwa kanye lokugoma zokugcina laqanjwa engaphezu kwengu-20 edlule, umuntu zigonywe kabili, okusho ukuthi waphinda kuyisibonelo ezengeziwe ezingu-40.

Esimweni lapho umuntu omdala ngaso sonke inoculated okokuqala nje, umgomo kunikezwa kathathu. Phinda lokugoma ADSM omdala iziguli xhumelela eyinhloko babelwe izinsuku ezingu-40 emva kokuqala, futhi okwesithathu umgomo kunikezwa nje ngemva konyaka wesibili.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona esiphuthumayo yokugoma ADSM. Kunenkolelo iziguli ukuhlukumezeka uma abe isilonda enobuthi, uma wokugoma odlule lwenzelwa isihlale iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu edlule.

Abantu abadala ikakhulukazi kudingeka revaccination ADSM, njengoba babe buthakathaka isimiso sokuzivikela komzimba futhi ezifweni anda izifo kalula. Akufanele singayinaki ADSM, ebhekise khona izifo ngemuva esindayo. Kulokhu, khona Yiqiniso ezingamahlalakhona kuyinkomba ngokuphelele revaccination.

Izimo lokugoma ADSM

Kunemibandela wokugoma kwenziwa ngaphansi okuyinto ADSM. Izimo e abadala iziguli unvaccinated nokuba khona ezinzima immunodeficiency isifo, i yokungezwani komzimba ukuze izingxenye lokulungisela overreaction ukuba wokugoma odlule. Ukugonywa ADSM imisiwe besifazane phakathi nokukhulelwa kanye lactation. Iphinde ithwala engaphezu kwemibili amasonto kusukela ngosuku yokutakula ezifweni sibi zokuphefumula.

Izindlela yokugoma ADSM

Toxoid ADSM libukeka ukumiswa olumhlophe uhlukaniswa uba yokubeka esobala ishq liquid kodaka. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba uvule ama-toxoid isitsha kumele ngamandla nithintithe ukumiswa kuze homogenization ephelele.

Ngokuvamile inethiwekhi Ignite mpikiswano ngesihloko, lapho wenze ADSM zigonywe abadala. Ngo izingxabano wezwa ngezinye izikhathi badideke amanothi, kungani akekho noyedwa zigonywe ngaphansi isiphanga, kanye nezinye - ku buttock.

ADSM toxoid ingasatshenziswa intramuscularly, futhi waya engxenyeni engenhla elingaphandle gluteal futhi ingxenye Antero-sangaphandle wesithathu maphakathi kunawo wonke futhi ngensingo. A umthamo owodwa we-toxoid - 0.5 ml.

Banikezwe kungenzeka uhlobo ngokushesha ukusabela hyperallergic ngoba vaktsinantami ehhovisi ihora ngemva imijovo ukunikeza observation. amakamelo Ukugonywa kufanele ifakwe anti-ukushaqeka nokupakisha wezokwelapha.

Ukugonywa Umhlahlandlela

Ekusebentiseni wokugoma eyenziwa ngokuqinile kulandela imithetho.

Ukugonywa kumele kwenziwe ngokuqinile oyinyumba imijovo zalutho. Ungalokothi uhlanganise yokugoma ezahlukene. Kanyekanye ADSM ingasatshenziswa yimuphi umuthi wokugoma kuka BCG, kodwa ngamunye wabo busuka imijovo ezahlukene ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba.

Ngaphambi ukuqaliswa yokugoma kuyadingeka ukuze ahlole ngokucophelela isitsha ukuze athole sokufaneleka yayo. Hhayi ezifanele ukusetshenziswa ku wokugoma izitsha eziyisikhombisa nge izimpawu ezibonakala umonakalo, mshini esilufifi, nezinguquko asobala nokuqukethwe kwalo. Ngaso sonke isikhathi hlola ukuphila umkhiqizo eshalofini, izimo isitoreji kuyagcinwa.

inqubo Ukugonywa wenziwa kutfotjelwa nezimfuneko ka asepsis futhi antisepsis. I isitsha wavula esetshenziswa ngokugcwele futhi akumelwe ligcinwe. Idatha inombolo ye-serial, usuku zokukhiqiza kanye nosuku yokugoma kuyongenwa e logbook kanye ipasipoti idatha vaktsinanta.

side effects

kanzima kanjani idluliswe lokugoma ADSM omdala? Ukuhluzwa kwemibhalo kuwo inethiwekhi ye unemizwa engemnandi emva inoculation elixutshwe ngokuphelele. Othile awuzwanga lutho, umuntu uvele abandayo, futhi othile okushisa ezizwa engaphathekile kakhulu, umuntu umjovo sikhanyise nezesabekayo indawo, umuntu akakwazanga ngenxa yobuhlungu ukuba uphakamise isandla sakhe. Kuzo zonke izimo, imbangela kwaba zigonywe ADSM. Imiphumela engemihle e abadala (okubizwa ngokuthi indlela esisabela ngayo lapho umgomo) e lokugoma ADSM kuyinsakavukela. Abanaso ukhombise isiqalo isifo, kanye kwenaba we amasosha omzimba womuntu. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, imiphumela emibi akukho nemiphumela ngokwabo. Phela, komunye wabancane reactogenic phakathi izidakamizwa yomgomo inoculation yiso ADSM.

Imiphumela engemihle e abadala bangase ukuzibonakalisa ngesimo ukusabela jikelele kanye lendawo. Ababona, kuye ngokuthi isimo ngabanye zomzimba womuntu, kukhona ukukhanya esindayo.

Esikhathini sokuqala 48 amahora kungabonakala nasemkhakheni iDemo lokushisa ukuvelela ukucobeka ubuhlungu, ububomvu, ukuvuvukala endaweni umjovo. uphawu zingavela ifomu izigaxa, kodwa lokho kulungile. Ungishiya emasontweni ambalwa ngokuphelele ngokuzimela ukuxazulula. kumelwe Siyazi ukuthi le ndawo akukwazi efudumele, njengoba lokhu kungabangela ukuba yakhele. Kakhulu kukancane ukusabela kabi komzimba nomzimba.

Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa, noma ukukhanya, noma ukusabela kabi umgomo awacatshangwa sokugembula, ngoba akanayo imiphumela eziphikelelayo empilweni. Yiqiniso, bona subjectively ungakhululekile, kodwa okubangela yikuphi ukuphulwa ngemuva kwesikhathi.

yezinkinga Post-lokugoma ADSM

Ukugonywa ADSM inikeza yezinkinga omdala ezingajwayelekile kakhulu, kodwa, ngokuvumelana izibalo, kwenzeka amacala amabili kuyo yonke 100 ayizinkulungwane. Vaktsinantov. Ngu okuthunyelwe-lokugoma yezinkinga ADSM zihlanganisa:

1. izimo ezinzima iguliswa ezifana post-lokugoma ukushaqeka anaphylactic futhi angioedema futhi generalized urticaria fomu.

2. I-Post-yokugoma encephalitis.

3. Post-yokugoma meningitis.

Utshwala futhi lokugoma ADSM

Utshwala kanye ADSM wokugoma akuhambisani ngokuphelele. Ngaphambi kosuku lapho wokugoma okuhleliwe ADSM, abadala vaktsinantam kufanele uyeke utshwala izinsuku okungenani ezimbili.

Ngemva lokugoma, ukulinganisela kufanele lusekelwe kwezinsuku ezintathu. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho kuvunyelwe lowenta evumela umsebenzi uphuzo ongaphakeme oludakayo ngemithamo omncane. Ngemva kwesonto, usuku yokugoma ovunyelwe uqhube utshwala ngendlela evamile.

Uma uye athathe utshwala emva yokugoma, ayikho into ezokwenzeka, kodwa kobukhulu ukusabela ezingezinhle kungase kube isikhathi eside. Against ngemuva lokudakwa oludakayo kungase kwandise ukusabela lokushisa kungandisa ukuvuvukala kanye nobuhlungu endaweni indawo umjovo, uphuzo olunamandla ngakho phakathi nesonto ngemva yokugoma kumele kugwenywe.

Abadala kudingeka ukuba revaccinated wokugoma ADSM. Tetanus futhi idiphtheria ayingozi, bona kungaphumela ekufeni. Tetanus akwelapheki ngisho ngaphansi kwezimo zamanje. Idiphtheria kuyinto iphathwa, kodwa linikeza yezinkinga eziyingozi. ADSM akuyona wokugoma reactogenic is kahle ibekezelelwe, futhi ineminyaka engu-10 eyalandela sizonikeza amasosha omzimba.

Ngaphambi AD idiphtheria lokugoma isigamu ziyafa, 85% ukuba izigulane ezifayo nge ngqi ukutheleleka. Inani lamazwe njenge-United States, wenza umzamo ukulahla lokugoma ngokumelene ukukhwehlela whooping, ngqi futhi idiphtheria. Yaphela lolu bhadane, yokugoma iye waqala uhlelo isimo.