Ukuwela ka Dnieper amasosha aseSoviet ngo-1943

Battle of the Dnieper wayengomunye walaba zokuchitheka kwegazi okukhulu kunakho emlandweni izimpi. Ngokwemithombo ehlukahlukene, umonakalo nhlangothi zombili, ababale efile futhi elimele, zazisuka abantu abayizigidi ezingu-1.7 kuya 2.7. Le mpi kuba lonke uchungechunge ukuthengiselana amasu eyenziwa amasosha aseSoviet ngo-1943. Bahlanganisa owela of Dnieper.

emfuleni omkhulu

Dnipro kuyinto leyesithathu elikhulu kunawo wonke eYurophu ngemva iVolga kanye iDanube. ububanzi balo ku esezansi imayelana 3 km. Mangisho ukuthi ibhange kwesokudla iphezulu kakhulu futhi steeper kuka ngakwesobunxele. Lesi sici inkimbinkimbi kakhulu owela amabutho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo Wehrmacht, ibhange okuphambene amasosha aseJalimane bandisa eziningi nezingqinamba izinqaba.

ongakhetha ukuphoqa

Njengoba ebhekene nalesi simo simo, umyalo Army Soviet ngacabanga indlela yokwenza amabutho ukushushumbisa kanye nemishini ngaphesheya komfula. Lwakhiwe izinhlelo ezimbili, kungenzeka lapho kuzothathwa khona Ukunqamula Dnieper. Inketho yokuqala ibandakanya amasosha stop phezu lomfula kanye ukusikwa izingxenye eyengeziwe izindawo Kusolakala yokuwela. Loluhlelo kwenza kwaba lula ukuthola kokushiyeka emgqeni ngivikele isitha, futhi ayichaze kahle indawo lapho kuhlasela esilandelayo kuzokwenzeka.

Luphinde Kusolwa intuthuko omkhulu, okwakumele yisikhathi imvelo German ukuzivikela imigqa nokuxoshwa amabutho awo ukuba izikhundla okungekuhle kubo. Kulesi sikhundla, amabutho ala Wehrmacht abakwazi ngokuphelele ukunikeza noma yimuphi ukumelana unqobe abazokusho ukuzivikela. Eqinisweni, leli qhinga ubelokhu efana omunye esasetshenziswa amaJalimane ukuba adabule Maginot Line ekuqaleni kwempi.

Kodwa le ndlela has a inombolo yokuntula. Wanikeza umyalo German kuya kumthamo esifundeni Dnieper amabutho eyengeziwe, kanye regrouping bamabutho kanye nokuqiniswa ukuzivikela ukuze kubonise kangcono ukuhlaselwa elikhulayo Army Soviet ezindaweni ezifanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo ezinjalo ukuze adalule amasosha ethu ingozi olukhulu uhlaselwa German amayunithi ngomshini uxhumano, futhi lokhu kufanele kuphawulwe, kwaba cishe isikhali ngempumelelo kakhulu Wehrmacht kusukela kuqale impi eSoviet Union.

Samuntu Okwesibili - ukuphoqa Dnieper amabutho aseSoviet ngokusebenzisa negalelo elikhulu, ngaphandle kokuzilungiselela kusuka yonke phambi. Loluhlelo enganikanga amaJalimane isikhathi imishini okuthiwa Eastern Wall, kanye ukulungiselela ekumeleleni bridgeheads zabo ku Dnieper. Nokho, le ndlela kungaholela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu Army Soviet.

ukuqeqeshwa

Njengoba wazi, izikhundla isiJalimane isendaweni ibhange kwesokudla Dnieper. Futhi ohlangothini okuphambene ibutho laseSoviet ingxenye matasa, ubude baso imayelana 300 km. Lapha-ke ngasondelana amandla omkhulu, ngakho izikebhe esizeleko okunganani zalelo nani elikhulu amasosha siswele. Izingxenye eziyinhloko baphoqeleka ukuba wenze Ukunqamula Dnieper ngokwezwi nezwi lisho ususondele. Bawela umfula nemiyalezo wathola ukudoba izikebhe, izihlenge esikhashana, wangqongqoza ndawonye izingodo, amabhodi, zemithi ngisho izigubhu.

Lutho neze inkinga kwaba umbuzo kanjani ukuthutha ukuze okuphambene ogwini ogandaganda abakhulu. Iqiniso lokuthi abaningi bridgeheads zawo zazilotshiwe engakwazi ukusingenisa e nenani kwesokudla, yingakho umthwalo oyinhloko ukweqa Dnieper yawela emahlombe amasosha elihamba amayunithi. Lokhu eziyimbangela kwaholela ekulweni isikhathi eside futhi nokwanda okuphawulekayo ukulahleka ingxenye amasosha aseSoviet.

nokuphoqa

Ekugcineni kwafika usuku lapho ezempi angase iyiswe okuhlaselayo. Yaqala ukweqa ka Dnieper. Usuku lokuqala ezazishushumbiswa ngaphesheya komfula - Septhemba 22, 1943. Khona-ke, futhi sathathwa isizinda, isendaweni ibhange kwesokudla. Lokhu kwaba endaweni confluence imifula emibili - Pripyat futhi Dnepr elalisemagcekeni ohlangothini enyakatho ngaphambili. Wamashumi amane, ingxenye Voronezh Front, kanti eyesithathu Panzer Army cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo wakwazi ukufeza impumelelo efanayo endaweni eseningizimu Kiev.

Emva kwezinsuku 2, isikhundla esilandelayo itholakala ogwini olusentshonalanga, lathunjwa. Kulokhu-ke kwenzeka eduze Dneprodzerzhinsk. Ngemva komunye izinsuku 4, amabutho aseSoviet ngempumelelo sawela umfula endaweni Kremenchug. Ngakho, ekupheleni kwenyanga ngebhange okuphambene eMfuleni Dnieper kwamiswa 23 bridgehead. Ezinye incane kangangokuba ububanzi yabo ifinyelela 10 km kanye km 1-2 kuphela ukujula.

Ukunqamula Ngokusobala ka Dnieper labetibambile amabutho 12 Soviet. Ukuze ngandlela-thile ukuhlakaza umlilo esindayo, ekhishwa wezikhali isiJalimane, idaliwe bridgeheads eziningi zamanga. Umgomo wabo kwakuwukwenza belingisa owela mass.

Ukuphoqa amabutho Dnieper KwabaseSoviet Kwakugxile Khona - uyisibonelo ecacile ubuqhawe. Mangisho ukuthi amasosha asebenzisa ngisho ithuba kancane ukuwela phesheya. Bawela umfula kunoma iyiphi izikebhe atholakalayo, okuyinto ngandlela-thile uhlale phezu kwamanzi. Amasosha balahlekelwa esindayo, ngokuba njalo ngaphansi ezisindayo isitha umlilo. Bakwazi ukuthola ukusizakala eqiniswa bridgeheads kakade ayenqotshiwe, ngokoqobo wangcwatshwa emhlabathini ekuhlaseleni wezikhali-German. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasosha aseSoviet embozwe nomlilo wabo amandla obusha beza kuye usizo.

bridgeheads Ukuvikelwa

amabutho aseJalimane ngolaka bavikela izikhundla zabo, besebenzisa esiphikisayo elinamandla ngayinye indawo yokuwela. Umgomo wabo oyinhloko kwakuwukushumayela abhubhise amabutho esitha ukuba iphuzu njengendlela namaloli armored ukufinyelela ibhange kwesokudla emfuleni.

Crossing wadalula yahlasela kusukela emoyeni. ekuhlaseleni German udubule abantu phezu kwamanzi, kanye amayunithi lempi, etholakala ogwini. Ekuqaleni izenzo zezindiza Soviet babe angahlelekile. Kodwa uma senziwa ukuvumelanisa nalo lonke amabutho phansi, bewela ukuzivikela esimweni esivamile.

Izenzo weZempi Soviet ayiphumelelanga. Ukuphoqa River Dnieper ngo-1943 kwaholela ekuthatheni bridgeheads ogwini isitha. lokulwa ngonya kwaqhubeka lonke Okthoba, kodwa namanje ethumba kusukela ezindaweni isiJalimane badikibale, futhi amanye aze ngisho ukunwetshwa. amabutho aseSoviet ukulondolozwa amandla abo ngokuba okuhlaselayo esilandelayo.

ubuqhawe

Yaphela kanjalo-ke i-Ukunqamula Dnieper. Heroes zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa - is zibizwa kakhulu waklonyeliswa e 2438 kanye amasosha owaba nengxenye izimpi. Battle of the Dnieper - isibonelo isibindi esingaphezu kwesivamile wokuzidela amasosha aseSoviet nezinduna. Ngempela, lesi umklomelo omkhulu kwaba kuphela isikhathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe.