Umjikelezo wanyanga zonke: kuyinsakavukela kanye nokusuka

Umzimba wesifazane ugcwele izimfihlakalo eziningi. Futhi ukubhekana nabo bonke umuntu ovamile ngezinye izikhathi kunzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kulesi sihloko ngifuna ukukhuluma ngokuningiliziwe ngalokho umjikelezo wanyangazonke ukhona. Ukujwayelekile nokuphambuka kuzophinde kuchazwe ngezansi.

Qonda imibono

Okokuqala, ngifuna ukuchaza imibono ngokwabo, ukuze ngiqonde ngokugcwele ukuthi yini ekhona. Ngakho-ke, umjikelezo wenyanga (noma ngaphezulu ngokunembile - ukuya esikhathini) kuyindlela ekhethekile yokusebenza ngokomzimba ewuphawu lomzimba wesifazane (umuntu ovuthiwe ngokocansi). Liyinto evamile, ithinta kakhulu uhlelo lokuzala. Zonke lezi zinqubo ziqondiswa ama-hormone akhiqiza ama-ovari, kanye nobuchopho.

Owesifazane uqala nini ukwakha umjikelezo wenyanga? Norm - yisikhathi sokusungulwa kwentombazane. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokwesilinganiso seminyaka engu-11-14. Ihlukana nokujikeleza kokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane lapho kuqala ukuphuma esikhathini (ngokuvamile kuvame eminyakeni yobudala engama-45-55). Lokhu kuyindlela evamile yokusebenza ngokomzimba, ngenxa yalokho owesifazane osevele engakwazi ukukhulelwa nokukhuthazela umntwana. Ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kuyabonakala, noma esikhathini.

Ungabala kanjani?

Akubona bonke abesifazane abakwazi ukubala kahle umjikelezo wabo wesifazane. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala kudingekile ukusho ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuqala i-akhawunti kusukela ngosuku lokuqala lokukhishwa kwamanzi, ukuqeda - usuku lokugcina ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini. Okungcono, umjikelezo wanyangazonke unsuku ezingu-28. Kodwa akusiwo wonke amacala abesifazane. U-Norm uphinde uthathwa njengokuphambene nalesi sibalo ngesonto elilodwa. Okusho ukuthi, uma umjikelezo wesifazane uhlala izinsuku ezingu-21-35, akukho lutho lokukhathazeka ngalo. Uma kungenjalo - qiniseka ukuthi uxhumana nodokotela ukuze uthole ukubonisana okufanelekile. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umjikelezo kufanele ube njalo. Uma inyanga eyodwa ithola izinsuku ezingu-25, kanti lesibili - 32 - lokhu akuvamile. Izinguquko zingenzeka zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-1-3. Uma kungenjalo, futhi, udinga ukuxhumana nomjozi wezifo zokwelapha ukuze uthole iseluleko nokucinga ngezizathu.

Izinkanyezi

Siphinde sibheke umjikelezo wanyangazonke kwabesifazane. Yimiphi eminye imigomo oyidingayo ukwazi?

1. Ukuvuthwa (okuvela kwisiLatini kuhunyushwa ngokuthi "iqanda"). Lena enye yezinqubo zokujikeleza esikhathini. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-follicle bursts, futhi kusuka kuyo ifika iqanda, lilungele ngokuphelele ukukhulelwa.
2. Ukuya esikhathini. Kwenzeka cishe izinsuku eziyi-12-15 emva kokuvuthwa. Lokhu kungukuphuma kwamanzi, okungafani nakho (uma ukukhulelwa kungafiki), amaqabunga e-endometrium exfolized.

Izigaba

Izigaba zomjikelezo wenyanga - yilokho okunye okumele kukhulunywe ngakho kulesi sihloko. Ngakho, lo mbuzo ungasondelwa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngokombiko owodwa, kunezigaba ezimbili kuphela zokujikeleza kokuya esikhathini:

1. I-Follicular.
2. I-Luteal (i-secretory, noma i-yellow body phase).

Kungani lesi sigaba siqhubeka? Konke okusola ama-hormone, okuyizinkathi ezithile ezithintekayo ezingxenyeni zokuzala zomzimba wesifazane. Ngokuvamile kungenzeka ukubona ulwazi lokuthi kunezigaba ezimbili zomjikelezo wenyanga:

1. Isigaba sokuya esikhathini.
2. Isigaba sokuvuthwa.

Kodwa-ke, ososayensi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi akufanelekile ngokuphelele ukuhlukanisa nabo kusukela ekubukeni kwesizinda se-hormonal. Kodwa-ke, bakholelwa ukuthi babonisa ngokucacile izinqubo ezenzeka kuma-ovari kanye nesibindi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zigaba zibaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhlela ukukhulelwa, ngakho awukwazi ukuwayeka ngokuphelele. Zonke izigaba ezine zizocatshangelwa ngezansi.

Isigaba sokuqala: ukuya esikhathini

Umjikelezo ojwayelekile wokuya esikhathini uqala ngesigaba sokuqala, esibalwa kusukela ngosuku lokuqala lokuphuma kwegazi. Lokhu kubizwa njalo ngenyanga. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-exit negazi le-endometrium ephule ngaphambili ivele. Le nqubo isakwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi ukulungiselela ukwamukela iqanda elisha. Ngokuqondene nobude besikhathi, lesi sigaba sithatha kuphela kusukela ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kweziyi-6. Kuphela ngaphambi kokuphela kokuphuma kwegazi kulabo besifazane. Yini enye ebalulekile ukusho ngenkathi ufunda umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini? Kumele kutholakale igazi elingakanani intombazane? Akungaphezu kwama-80 ml isikhathi sonke sokuya esikhathini. Uma owesifazane eguqulela amapayipi noma amathoni angaphezu kuka-10 ngosuku - lesi yisikhathi sokubonisana nodokotela. Futhi, udinga ukufuna usizo uma ukubonakala kuqhubekela phambili isonto noma ngaphezulu.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Iziphi izinkinga ezingabuka kulesi sigaba?

1. Amenorrhea (isiqalo "a" kusho ukungabikho). Lokhu kungabikho okuphelele kokuchitha igazi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kutholakala kungenziwa kuphela lapho kwenzeka into efanayo efanayo izinyanga eziyisithupha.
2. I-Algodismenorea (isiqalo "algo" sisho ubuhlungu). Kuyisikhathi esibuhlungu uma owesifazane ezwa ugula kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuncishiswe kakhulu umthamo wesifazane.
3. I-Menorrhagia. Lokhu kutholakala okuningi kakhulu. Lokhu kutholakala kungenziwa uma owesifazane ehamba esikhathini esingaphansi kwezinsuku ezingu-7 noma inani lemfihlo liyi-80 ml.

Isigaba sesibili: follicular

Sifunda ngokuqhubekayo umjikelezo wenyanga. Norm - lokhu lapho isigaba sesibili sowesifazane siphelela cishe amasonto amabili emva kokuqedwa kwegazi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ubuchopho besifazane buqala ukuthumela izimpendulo ezithile, ngaphansi kwethonya le-hormone yokuvuselela i-follicle ekhishwa ngokugcwele, futhi kuma-ovaries follicles akhula. Kancane kancane, i-follicle evelele, eyakuba yindawo yokuvuthwa kweqanda esikhathini esizayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo emzimbeni wesifazane, i-hormone efana ne-estrogen ishicilelwa ngokugcwele. Usebenza ekuvuseleleni ubuningi bombelethi. Futhi, leli hormone lithinta kakhulu umsizi womlomo wesibeletho ukuthi uba ngumzimba wamagciwane.

Izinkinga

Ukuphazanyiswa komjikelezo wesimeni esigabeni sesibili kungabangela ukucindezeleka nezifo ezihlukahlukene. Kulesi simo, isigaba sesithathu somjikelezo wesifazane sizofika kancane kancane kunokujwayelekile.

Isigaba sesithathu: ukuvuthwa

Lona phakathi komjikelezo wenyanga. Kuleli qophelo, kukhona ukulungiswa kwamahomoni emzimbeni wesifazane. Izinga le-FSH, i-i- follicle-stimulating hormone, liyanciphisa kakhulu, kodwa ngokushesha kukhona ukuphuma kwe-LH, okusho, i-hormone yokulinda. Isikhathi sesikhathi sesikhathi: izinsuku ezintathu. Kwenzekani ngalesi sikhathi nomzimba wesifazane?

1. I-LH yenza umlomo wesibeletho uthinteke kakhulu kumuntu.
2. Iqeda ukuvuthwa kweqanda.
3. Ukukhululwa kweqanda kusuka ku-follicle kwenzeka, emva kwalokho kungena emathinini omzimba futhi kulindeleke ukuba nomklamo (isikhathi cishe cishe kwezinsuku ezimbili).

Isigaba sesine: Luteal

Kungabizwa nangokuthi "isigaba somzimba ophuzi." Ngemuva kokukhululwa kwe-follicle, iqala ukukhiqiza i-hormone progesterone, umsebenzi oyinhloko wokulungisa umuthi we-uterine wokufakelwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umqubu womlomo wesibeletho uphela, ukukhiqizwa kwe-LH kuyama. Uma umjikelezo ovamile wanyangazonke kwabesifazane ulandelwa, lesi sigaba singapheli izinsuku ezingaphezu kwengu-16 (isikhathi esingaphezulu kwezinsuku ezingu-12 iqanda elifakwe umanyolo kufanele lihlanganise nesibindi).

1. Uma kwenzeka ukukhulelwa: kulesi simo leli qanda lingena emgodini we-uterine, lifakwe, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kokubizwa ngokuthi i-hormone yokukhulelwa kuqala, okuzosebenza kuyo yonke isikhathi sokubeletha kwengane.
2. Uma ukukhulelwa kungenzeki: kulokhu, umzimba ophuzi kanye neqanda ziyafa, ukukhiqizwa kweprogesterone kuyeka. Lokhu kubangela ukubhujiswa kwe-endometrium, okubandakanya ukulahlwa kwayo nokuqala kwesigaba sokuqala somjikelezo omusha wokuya esikhathini - ukuchithwa kwegazi.

Ukujikeleza nokukhulelwa

Wonke owesifazane kufanele amazi kahle umjikelezo wanyanga zonke. Phela, kubaluleke kakhulu kulezi zimo uma ufuna ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa komntwana noma, ngokuphambene, ukugwema ukukhulelwa okungadingeki. Emva kwakho konke, njengoba wonke umuntu eyazi, kukhona izinsuku ezihle futhi eziyingozi emjikelezweni wesifazane. Mayelana nalokhu ngokuningiliziwe:

1. Amathuba amaningi okukhulelwa yizinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuvuthwa noma ngesikhathi sesigaba sesibili somjikelezo wesimiso.
2. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-spermatozoa yesilisa iphila kuze kube yizinsuku eziyisikhombisa ezindleleni zabesifazane, ngakho ukukhulelwa kungenzeka ngisho noma ukulala ngokobulili okungavimbelwe kwenzeka ngesonto ngaphambi kokuvuthwa.
3. Izinsuku ezithandekayo kulabo abangakafuni ukuba nabantwana: ezinsukwini ezimbalwa emva kokuvuthwa. Ngalesi sikhathi i-ovum isifile kakade, ukukhulelwa ngeke kwenzeke.

Noma kunjalo, kufanele kuthiwe kunzima kakhulu ukubikezela ngokunembile ukuvuthwa. Ngempela, umzimba wesifazane awuwona umshini omuhle. Uma ungafuni ukukhulelwa, kungcono ukuthi ungathembeki ekubaleni kwakho, kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho uzivikele ngezindlela zanamuhla, zithi, amakhondomu.

Ukushisa okuyisisekelo

Sifunda ngokuqhubekayo umjikelezo wenyanga. Ukujwayelekile nokuphambana kufanele kwaziwe kuwo wonke owesifazane. Ngifuna futhi ukukhuluma ukuthi ungazimela kanjani ngokuzimela ngezigaba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukulandelela igrafu lokushisa elisezingeni eliphansi (njengoba kuyaziwa, lokhu kuyisilinganiso sokushisa ngaphakathi kwesifazane noma ku-rectum). Ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokuphuma kwegazi, izinga lokushisa kufanele ligcinwe ngaphakathi kwe-37 ° C. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvame ukunciphisa kancane, bese "kuqhuma" ku-0.5 ° C futhi kuvame ukuba ngaphezu kwama-37 ° C. Ngalesi sizinga, izinga lokushisa lihlala njalo cishe, kodwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuqala kokuya esikhathini kunciphisa. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, singasho ukuthi le ntombazane yakhulelwa. Uma izinga lokushisa alishintshi nhlobo phakathi nomjikelezo wonke, kusho ukuthi isigaba sesithathu - ukuvuthwa - okwenzekile.

Mayelana nokushayeka

Abesifazane banamuhla bavame ukubhekana nenkinga enjengokuphulwa komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. Yiziphi izimpawu ezingabonakaliswa ngalokhu:

1. Ukwandisa igebe phakathi kokuya esikhathini, ukushintsha okuphawulekayo.
2. Ukushintsha kwezinsuku emjikelezweni (ukuphambuka okungaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu kunoma iyiphi indlela).
3. Ukubona okuncane noma okubi.
4. Ukuphela kokungena kokuya esikhathini okungenani izinyanga ezimbili (uma lokhu, akulona uphawu lokukhulelwa).
5. Ukubonakala kokuphuma kwegazi ngezigaba ezihlukene zomjikelezo wesimiso (hhayi kuphela kokuqala).
6. Isikhathi sokuphuma kwegazi sikhulu kunesonto noma ngaphansi kwezinsuku ezintathu.

Lezi yizinkinga eziyinhloko owesifazane odinga ukuphawula. Kulesi simo, kufanele uhlale ufuna iseluleko ku-gynecologist bese uthola izimbangela zalezi zenzakalo.

Izimbangela

Uma owesifazane elahlekelwe umjikelezo wanyanga zonke, izizathu zalokhu zingase zibe ngale ndlela:

1. Izinguquko zesisindo - ukukhuluphala noma ukulahlekelwa okubukhali. Ukuzila ukudla, kanye nokudla kokudla okulimaza umzimba nokudla ngokweqile, kuthinta wonke umzimba, futhi ikakhulukazi isisu sobunikazi. Ngakho-ke, nomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini.
2. Ukucindezeleka. Kulesi simo, le ndoda iyakha i-prolactin hormone, engavimbela ukuvota futhi ibangele ukulibazisa esikhathini.
3. Imithwalo yemvelo.
4. I-Acclimatization. Uma owesifazane eguqula ibhande lokuhlala - kusukela ekushiseni kufinyelela emakhazeni noma ngokuphambene nalokho, umzimba uphendukela emagodini okuzivikela, angathinta umjikelezo wesifazane.
5. Uma lona wesifazane elahlekelwe umjikelezo wenyanga, imbangela yalokhu kungaba ukwehluleka kwe-hormonal (ukwephula ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni athile).
6. Izifo zesifazane. Umjikelezo ungabanjwa uma le nkosikazi inenkinga elandelayo: ukuvuvukala kwesibeletho, ukubeletha kwesibeletho sakhe, ama-cysts, isibeletho sesisu, ama-appendages akhe.
7. Ukwamukela izitho zomzimba zomlomo. Uma owesifazane esanda kuqala ukuthatha amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha, okokuqala, ngenkathi ukujwayela komzimba kuqhubeka, kungase kube nokuphazamiseka okuthile. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu kamuva, uma imithi ikhethiwe ngendlela efanele, umjikelezo ocacile futhi ojwayelekile wemigqa yokuya esikhathini uzosungulwa.
8. Ukukhula nokuya esikhathini. Phakathi nalezi zikhathi, umjikelezo wesifazane ungase ube ongavamile, ongeyona inkomba yezinkinga ezikhethekile zomzimba. Enentombazaneni encane, umjikelezo wokuqala wokuya esikhathini ngeke kube yikhombisi yokuthi empini efanayo, futhi ngaphezulu, kuzoba njalo ngenyanga.
9. Le nkosikazi izoyeka ngokuphelele ukuya esikhathini uma ikhulelwa.
10. Izinkinga ezinkulu nomjikelezo zizoba lapho kwenzeka ukukhipha isisu okungenandaba noma okuhleliwe.

Izifo

Uma owesifazane eqale isikhathi sakhe phakathi komjikelezo noma uma enenkinga ethile, kumele ngokushesha afune iseluleko sezokwelapha. Phela, lokhu kungaba isizathu sezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu nomzimba. Yiziphi izinkomba ezizoxilongwa ngabesifazane?

1. Ukuphenya (ukuthola ulwazi olugcwele mayelana nezimbangela zokuphulwa).
2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-gynecological kwesiguli.
3. Ukuthatha wonke ama-smear adingekayo ekuhlolweni.
4. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nomchamo.

Uma lezi zinqubo zingapheli izimpendulo ezigcwele kumbuzo othandekayo kudokotela, lo wesifazane angabelwa izifundo ezengeziwe:

1. I-ultrasound yezitho zomzimba noma isisu somzimba.
2. Ihlaziya ama-hormone.
3. I-MRI - imaging resonance imaging (ukuzimisela ukuguquka kwezifo ezithinta izicubu, kanye nokuseshwa kwezingcingo ezikhona).
4. I-hysteroscopy (ukuhlolwa kwezindonga zesisu sesiguli esebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile).

Ukuhlanganiswa kwalezi zindlela zokuhlola isimo sesiguli kunganikeza isithombe esiphelele sezimbangela zokugula kwakhe, okuzoholela ekwakhiweni kokuxilongwa okufanele nokuqokwa kokwelashwa okunempilo.

Izifo

Ngaphezulu kwalokho kwashiwo ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezingase ziphakame ngomjikelezo wesifazane ukuya esikhathini nokuthi izifo zivela kuphi ngalesi sizinda. Nokho, lokhu akulona uhlu oluphelele.

1. Hypomenorrhoea. Lokhu kubonakala okuncane kakhulu.
2. I-Opmomenorea. Ukunciphisa okuphawulekayo kwesikhathi sokukhishwa kwamanzi kulesi sinkosikazi.
3. Oligomenorrhoea. Lokhu kunyuke ekukhawuleni phakathi kokubonakala kwendodakazikazi.

Zonke lezi zinkinga kufanele zidale ukukhathazeka. Wonke owesifazane kufanele akhumbule ukuthi ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa kokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu.

Izinkinga

Uma owesifazane elahlekelwe umjikelezo (phakathi kwezinkathi zenyanga, isibonelo, kunezikhathi ezahlukene) noma uma kunezinye izinkinga zempilo yabesifazane, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela ngokushesha ukuze uthole ukwelulekwa okufanelekayo. Phela, uma lesi sifo singatholakali futhi siphathwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, singaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, kuyoba nzima kakhulu ukubhekana nayo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kamuva ukudalula izifo ezibangelwa ukukhubazeka komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kungaholela ekutheni akwazi ukukhulelwa, kodwa ngisho nasekufeni kwendodakazi encane.

Ukwelashwa: amathiphu alula

Uma owesifazane enezifo ezincane zomjikelezo wesimiso, ungazama ukulungisa lesi simo ngaphandle kokungenelela odokotela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukulungisa kahle isimiso sakho nsuku zonke nokudla. Okusho ukuthi, udinga ukukhipha ekudleni konke imikhiqizo eyingozi, ukhokhele kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo nemifino, kanye ne-porridge. Ngenani elanele, lona wesifazane kufanele futhi abe nokuphumula: okungenani ukulala ubusuku obusuku obuyisikhombisa, ukuphumula emisebenzini, ukusebenza ngokomzimba nokuhlala emoyeni omusha - kuphela lezi zingu-nuances ezingalungisa umjikelezo wesifazane ngokuphazamiseka okuncane.

Ukwelashwa kukaDokotela

Uma intombazane usadinga ukufuna usizo lodokotela, impatho uzobe ngokusekelwe ezizathwini ezaholela ukwehluleka hormone.

1. Uma imbangela ukucindezeleka, isiguli uzobe sedatives kunikezelwe.
2. Uma kukhona izinkinga kanye ukubeka amabala, owesifazane akunakubangelwa izidakamizwa hemostatic, aminocaproic acid (ukuze ukuqeda ukopha uma eza ngenyanga phakathi umjikelezo).
3. Uma esindayo ukopha lady ungakwazi uthele ezinikelwe igazi, uketshezi olungenambala olusegazini.
4. Mhlawumbe ukuhlinzwa (e t. H. Hysterectomy, t. E. Ukususwa kwesibeletho).
5. Kwezinye izimo, le ntombazane angase aphathwe ngezilapha magciwane (uma imbangela ukungasebenzi - izifo ezithathelwanayo).
6. Izindlela ezivame kakhulu sokwelashwa - ukuqokwa izidakamizwa hormone i ukukhokhela amazinga ama-hormone.