Yukon River e eNyakatho neMelika: isithombe, incazelo

Yukon River, esemgwaqweni ngezansi isithombe, uvala phezulu nemifula ezinhlanu elide kakhulu eNyakatho Melika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho le nkomba, itholakala endaweni 21 emhlabeni. Olimini zabantu bendawo Aboriginal igama lakhe lisho ukuthi "River Omkhulu." nemizana elikhulu elalizokwakhiwa okukuwo Marshall, Circle, Raylot Station, Fort Yukon nabanye.

incazelo jikelele

Yukon River kumephu eNyakatho Melika kuyinto ikakhulukazi enyakatho ntshonalanga okuyingxenye. Kugeleza US nase-Canada. Uhulumeni wase-US of Alaska ongaboni ihlukaniswe lo mfula zibe izingxenye ezimbili zilingana. Ekuqaleni kwalo uthatha ensimini ka isifundazwe Canadian ebizwe eBritish Columbia. Umlomo iseningizimu okuphambene esiqhingini St Lawrence, eduze Gulf of Norton. Le ndawo ingqikithi elisemcengezini, okuyinto ezijulile, emincane futhi eside, idlule uphawu abayizinkulungwane 855 amakhilomitha square. Yukon ubude 3185 km. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-umzila wamanzi oxhumanisa omude kunayo yonke, ogeleza udlule endaweni ka-Canada.

ukutholakala

Kuleli emfuleni lwesintu cishe akukho lutho olwaziwa kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye. Kuthathwa iphayona Potr Korsakovsky ezivela eRussia. Kwaba incazelo yakhe eningilizayo umlomo, sangomhla-1819, manje kubhekwe endala kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, compatriot yethu eminyakeni embalwa kamuva eyasungulwa settlement lapha, ngokuthi redoubt St kuMichael. Ngemva 49 Alaska baba isimo US, lethiwe St Michael. Ngaphansi kwaleli gama komnikazi eyaziwa namuhla. Ngo-1843, isikhulu Russian asolwandle L. Zagoskin echazwe sifinyelela engezansi mfula.

Manje River Yukon yayithandwa kakhulu yizivakashi. Abaningi babo bancamela ukuba ahambe ke ngezikebhe noma ngezikebhe kule ndawo. Ngo-1897, izindawo eziseduze wavakashelwa umlobi odumile Dzhek London. Wayelethwa ngakho umxhwele ukuthi wachitha lapha izinyanga ezingaphezu kweziyisithupha.

Ukudlula

umthombo River, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, itholakala enyakatho eBritish Columbia. Basuke ibhekwa njengeBhayibheli Atlin Lake, esemgwaqweni endaweni engamamitha 731 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle. Kanye amachibi eziningana kudala uhlobo uchungechunge, isixhumanisi lokugcina okuyinto Lake Marsh. Enyakatho nje kuba isikhungo esiyinhloko nezokuphatha North Canada futhi insimu federal - emzini Whitehorse. Naphezu ukubaluleka kwalo, mncane kakhulu futhi inabantu zezakhamuzi 21.000.

Ngemva River Yukon egoba bazungeza, yena odlula kuya enyakatho-ntshonalanga isiqondiso luqhubeke amakhilomitha amahlanu, kanjalo zakha isimiso echibini Laberdzh. ubude bayo wechibi imayelana amahlanu amakhilomitha. Ukusakaza aqueous ephambana US umngcele, bese ujika e-Alaska. Lapha isiteshi endaweni enezintaba, akumangalisi ukuthi umfula ugcwele Rapids. Ngokushesha ngemva edolobheni elincane Eagle, yena uya sezwe flat.

Eduze nedolobhana entabeni uqala Yukon Delta. Bendawo akusho ngisho ukufinyelela uphawu eziyinkulungwane abantu. Abantu kukhona ngezindinganiso American badla imbuya ngothi. Ngenxa yalesi zokuhlala ekusakazeni aqueous sehlukaniswe sebuningini iziteshi, bese ugelezela oLwandle Bering. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uqaphele yokuthi endaweni ephakathi kwemifula Yukon futhi Kuskokwim e Alaska kuyinto endaweni eluhlaza.

Climate namanzi umbuso

Winter ku Umthambo amanzi echibi ihlala izinyanga ecishe. Ngalesi sikhathi, zikhona izikhathi lapho izinga lokushisa komoya lehla degrees amahlanu ngaphansi kwezingaqhwa. Mayelana nesimo sezulu okunjalo esifundeni libhekene uhlobo ikoloni. Iningi lala madolobhana lapha mancane, kodwa labantu babo - izikhathi ezimbili ngaphansi kuka kwakuphakathi rush igolide. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, eMfuleni Yukon has a Hydropower engaba amakhulu. Kuvele isici esithakazelisayo kuba ukuze ngalo yayithathe amabhuloho ezine kuphela.

Mfula ubizwa mhlawumbe inikwa amandla yi iqhwa. Ukuze kwesikhathi kusuka ngoJuni kuze Julayi, ngesikhathi kufika isikhukhula. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lamanzi lapha ongasukuma nanhlanu noma amabili amamitha. The main nemingenela kwesokunxele - kuyinto Novita, Beaver futhi Birch, futhi ilungelo - Tiislin uStuart Palley, Milozitna, Klondike, Nadvizik nabanye. Kusukela engxenyeni yesibili Okthoba kuze ekucaleni May, phakathi nale minyaka ice nokuma. Kuzo zonke lonke ngonyaka umfula imikhumbi. Ihamba ungangena yona Whitehorse imibundu at ibanga cishe 3200 ukusuka semifula.

abantu basemadolobheni emfuleni

Ngenxa yokudlanga kokuxhashazwa okushisa aphansi, izimila pool akuyona zahlukahlukene kakhulu. I ukudoba amaningi asethuthukile ne bendawo amakhulu eminyaka lokudoba. Isimo ayikashintshi ngisho nanamuhla. Iqiniso lokuthi eMfuleni Yukon indawo eziyizimbangela aphinde abhukude abuyele omningi salmon. Ngaphandle kwakhe kwamanzi alo atholakala kanye nezinye izinhlobo izinhlanzi ezibalulekile, kuhlanganise whitefish, Pike, Grayling ne-salmon esethinini emhlophe. Namhlanje, okudoba Yukon ngokomthetho kuvunyelwe. Izindleko yamalayisense yonyaka ukuqaliswa salo 35 zamaRandi Canadian. It akusebenzi abantu bendawo Aboriginal abanelungelo konke ukudoba khulula kulolu lwandle. Ngokuqondene nezilwane, ngesikhathi lomfula kuhlale beaver, amabhere amnyama, imvu bighorn nezimpungushe.

ligolide

Kusukela ngasekupheleni kwawo-yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, eMfuleni Yukon eNyakatho Melika uye bazuza idumela emhlabeni wonke. Iqiniso lokuthi ngo-1896 kule ndawo segolide lokuqala kwatholakala yenkambo yakhe ka abafuna ezintathu. Ngemva konyaka, lapha e-San Francisco silethwa amathani amaningana lokhu yezimbiwa. Ngemva kwalokho, kwaba khona-buzz omkhulu nezinkulungwane fortune abazingeli baphuthuma Yukon futhi Klondike emifuleni beyofuna impunzi okusheshayo. Laba bantu baba abasunguli iningi amadolobha lokusinda kanye nasezindaweni zasemakhaya. Abaningi babo ngokushesha okukhulu lufinyelele ezingeni eliphezulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sekube labo abaye phakade ehlane abandayo, mini ngekhephu. Ekupheleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye isihlabathi segolide izinqolobane siyingcuba, futhi injabulo iphelile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igama elithi igolide kulezi 1899 kwatholakala ukuthi Seward, ngakho iningi eyinhloko yezilwane ezimba wathuthela lapho. Zonke oseleyo imfiva - lena inkumbulo steamship umugqa Yukon kuphela.