A. A. Grechko, Marshal zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa: Biography nesithombe

Andrey Antonovich Grechko - Marshal kweSoviet Union, kabili Hero of eSoviet Union. WayeyiZwi uNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela kweSoviet Union kanye uMphathi Amandla Soviet eJalimane. abaholi beqembu kanye nesimo Akwaziwa.

umndeni

Andrey Antonovich Grechko, umndeni owaphila Rostov esifundeni, ku Golodaevke encane emzaneni, owazalwa ngo-1903, ku-17 Okthoba. Manje kule ndawo kuba edolobhaneni Kuibyshev. Unina, u-Olga Karpovna, wazala izingane eziyishumi nane. Andrei Antonovich wazalelwa nantathu. Uyise, u-Anton Vasilyevich kwaba ongumlimi elula. Kodwa njengoba umndeni lalilikhulu kakhulu, futhi izimali azanele, wabuye wathola imfundo uthisha ngokomzimba esikoleni sendawo.

ebuntwaneni

Andrey Antonovich Grechko, biography okwaqala ngokubekwa Golodaevki ngokuvamile wakhumbula ndawo yakubo. Imemori kuze kube sekugcineni ezinye ezizodlala nazo, uthisha esiqinile kodwa uhlobo nofunda nabo.

Andrei Antonovich enganginaso kusukela ebuntwaneni isibhaliso kakhulu futhi ukubuyisa. Abantu bendawo bakhumbula ukuthi akazange ihluke ukulalela, Wayevame ukubenzela kuphambene nezidingo abazali. Andrei Antonovich ebuntwaneni evuthiwe umcabango. A Umdlalo yathe ayeyithanda kwakungu "voynushki."

Ngolunye usuku wanquma ngaphandle kokubuza ukudlala ngezibhamu. Futhi ngasinda ngokuyisimangaliso. Ubaba wayevame ukutshela namadodana akhe mayelana inkonzo yezempi. Andrei wamlalela ngokujabula. Mhlawumbe esikhathini esizayo, lezi izindaba waba nendima enkulu ekukhethweni kuka-ukuphila.

Andrei Antonovich hits isigaba

Ngo-1919, amaBolshevik kwaqala offensive yokulwa Rostov. Khona-ke u-Andrew kuqala wabona iRed Army wangena emzaneni. Izakhamuzi waphuma ukubahlangabeza, futhi bayahlonishwa futhi wabheka ngomona at Budenny. U-Andreya wayebone ukuthi phakathi kwabo kukhona abantu abayishumi nesithupha yayo ontanga.

Army edinga ukulethwa esiphuthumayo nezinhlamvu. Ngakho-ke, iRed Army waboleka wonke amahhashi edolobhaneni. Andrew ihhashi lakhe wayeqhubeka neziqhumane Rostov. Bese athonya UStepan Vasilenko induna isigaba, yihambise isevisi. Ngakho kwagcwaliseka iphupho lakhe. Wathola iyunifomu, izikhali kanye wajoyina impi.

Ngemva wenkululeko Rostova Andrey wabuyela emaphandleni ukuvakashela umndeni wakhe. Wamemezela izihlobo zakhe ukuthi ebuthweni lezempi. Ubaba evunyiwe isinqumo sakhe.

Ukuqala umsebenzi lakhe lempi

Zonke Yombango esizayo Marshal Grechko, ogama umndeni asekelwe isifiso sakhe ukuba enze umsebenzi wezempi, balwa iRed Army njengoba sangasese. Izifundo izinduna wathola iziqu e Krasnodar. Futhi ngo-1926 waqala ukutadisha ngesikhathi Cavalry School. Ngempumelelo ke sesiphelile, futhi waphathiswa umyalo we Leli qembu. Ngemva kwesikhashana - a isigaba ku 1st Hlukanisa Cavalry Brigade.

Ngo-1938, u-Andrey Antonovich Grechko baba uMphathi Abasebenzi Special Cavalry Division Bovo. Futhi ngonyaka ozayo, leli thimba lalimelela naseNtshonalanga ye-Ukraine futhi Belarus kusukela amaJalimane ukuphuca eJalimane ithuba athole ukusizakala kulezi zindawo.

Ezinsukwini zokuqala ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe

Lapho iMpi Enkulu Patriotic, Andrei Antonovich wayesalokhu ukutadisha at the Academy of the Jikelele Abasebenzi. Kakade ozinikela ukuhlolwa kokugcina ngo-June 1941, Grechko waqaphela ukuthi eSoviet Union, usengozini enkulu. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezintathu, ngemva kokuba impi. Yena ube esephuthunyiswa ngaphambili, ku obukhulu sezinto, kodwa abambalwa kuphela ziye abasisiwe kusukela phakathi ofunda bakhe esikoleni.

Ikusasa Marshal Grechko, ogama biography ihlobene eduze inkonzo yezempi, wathunyelwa ukuphathwa Jikelele Abasebenzi. Andrei Antonovich kwaba zingahlelekile. Wayeqonda ukuthi lokhu esinqunyiwe, kodwa wayekukhathalela uthole enkundleni yempi. Waqala ukubheka ithuba lokufeza isifiso sakhe. Ngenxa yalokho-General Assembly Abasebenzi, wakhonza izinsuku nambili kuphela.

Umsebenzi Jikelele Abasebenzi

Abasebenzi e-General Assembly Abasebenzi enye yasebenza usuku kanzima nobusuku. Uma uphatha ukuthola ubuthongo, kwaba kuphela endaweni yokusebenza. Ngesikhathi phambi, isimo uyashintsha ngokushesha futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukulandelela Yiqiniso emzabalazweni kwaba nzima. Ulwazi etholwe Jikelele Abasebenzi, zazivame eyayivela futhi ngezinye izikhathi eziphikisa. Grechko olwenziwa ibalazwe isifinyezo isimo tekusebenta.

Okokuqala, u-Andrei Antonovich uthukuthele emsebenzini abasebenzi, ngilangazelela ukufika ku shí ezintweni - lababili bete phambili. Kwakungenxa kuphela lapho safike lapho beqaphela ukuthi kunzima kangakanani ukuba baphumelele kulolu imvelo abasebenzi e-General Assembly Abasebenzi, futhi umthwalo elisemandleni emahlombe abo. Kwakunzima kakhulu ukubika idatha olunembile. Kodwa okusadingeka ukuba kudlule "phezulu".

BOB: Grechko futhi uthola ukuba phambili

Andrei Antonovich, Ngokuzayo Marshal wase-USSR Grechko, ogama biography ihlobene eduze inkonzo yezempi ukuze intsha, ngemva kokuthandaza isikhathi eside wacabanga kodwa wadlulisela icala Yabantu Commissar Timoshenko wacela phambi. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, kwafika impendulo. Grechko waqokwa induna division nalawo agibela amahhashi. Wayezomvusa laseKharkov, South-Western Front. Ngo Priluki Grechko kwaba ukwakha 34 Cavalry Division.

Ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe: ngaphambili

Izinsuku zokuqala phambili ngoba Andrei Antonovich babe babi. Umkhuba isinyathelo sezempi kwakuhluke kakhulu imfundiso yokuziphendukela okuyinto okwakufundiswa nenkathi yokuthula. Grechko kwadingeka ukuba ukuzulazula ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kuyo leyo ndawo futhi esikhathini esifishane. Anginayo izinhlamvu ngokwanele. Kwakungekho lutho ukuyeka ngisho elihamba, ingasaphathwa amathangi. Izinhloko ngalokhu oda bethule ukunikeza kuphela ukuhlasela futhi anqobe amaJalimane. Division Grechko, namazinyo clenched, balwa mibandela okwakwenzeka.

Kodwa kakade ngo-1941, iRed Army anqoba ngokunqoba. Kulo nyaka Grechko Uye waqondisa wesi-5 Cavalry Corps, okuyinto ngo-1942 olukhishwe Barvinkove. Ngemva izimpi eziningi eziyimpumelelo kamuva, lapho u-Andrei Antonovich wayiswa kwakuwukuthi Army 12, ekuvikeleni Voroshilovogradsky isiqondiso. Khona-ke, ekwindla ka-1942, Grechko fuza phatha of Army lika-47. Leli thimba lalimelela coast Black Sea. Ngandlela-thile kamuva waba induna Army 18th, abakhonza isiqondiso Tuapse.

Ngemva kokunqoba kwaseStalingrad ngo-1943, ikusasa Soviet Marshal Grechko fuza phatha of Army 56th. Okthoba 9, waqale babikela Jikelele Abasebenzi yokukhululwa eCaucasus. Andrei Antonovich ikufakazele ngokwayo ezimpini eziningi futhi waqokwa umkhuzi oyiphini 1st Front Ukraine. Ngenxa rearrangement ngobuhlakani amaviyo kwadingeka Grechko, 3rd Armored kanye Army 38th wahlasela okuhlaselayo enamandla amaJalimane e Kiev.

ukukhululwa kwama-Europe

Ngo-1943, Grechko Andrey Antonovich (phakathi nempi amenza i eliyigugu ukulwa nakho) wayeseGibithe elisezingeni uColonel Jikelele. Wamiswa zayala 1st Guards Army, elalilisha ngalesosikhathi akhe submission ngaphambi kokuphela kwempi. amabutho Grechko nengxenye yokukhululwa Zhitomir, eCzechoslovakia, Poland. Khona-ke ibutho Grechko got ePrague.

Imisebenzi Grechko ngemva kwempi

Ngemva Ukunqoba e ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, Ngokuzayo Marshal Grechko Andrey Antonovich, wahola amabutho Kiev esifundeni. Ngo-1953 waba induna wonke amayunithi Soviet lempi elise eJalimane. Ngo-June ngawo lowo nyaka wahola nokucindezela kuvukela.

Grechko futhi ukuyovakashela ndawo yakubo. Kwakuthinta isesimweni esingesihle, it is phansi ngokuphelele. Andrei Antonovich yasiza bonke bezwe futhi, "sukuma" ngemva kwempi. Siyabonga ukwesekwa yayo kwalesi sigodi ibuyiselwe ngokushesha. Wasiza amasu emisebentini. Wathatha ukusekelwa phezu kwamanye amadolobhana nezindawo lonke abhidlizwa ngesikhathi sempi. Ukwakha amakhaya amasha, izakhiwo Ihhovisi, izikole.

Ekuqaleni 1967 kokuthunyelwe kaNgqongqoshe wezokuVikela kwaba Rodion Malinovsky. Kodwa akazange ukwamukela izitayela ezintsha (ubuchwepheshe, izindiza ezinophephela emhlane, ukuhlola umkhathi, nokunye. D.). Lokhu kwakwenziwa nje Andrei Grechko, Marshal zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Ngenxa yalokho, wakwazi ukuba bazungezé eziningi abanamakhono abasebenzi abasha, isilungele ukuqhubeka lizwe.

Malinowski uye akuphelelanga kuze kuba uthatha umhlalaphansi. Waba wabangwa nezibi waze walaliswa esibhedlela, kusukela engasatholi weza. Esikhundleni sakhe, uBrezhnev esimisiwe Grechko Andreya Antonovicha. Endimeni yakhe yokuba uNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela yase-USSR , wasebenza iminyaka 9. Wazibonakalisa umholi olinde iziphethe kahle. Angazi ukubekezelela abantu abangekho "endaweni". Kakhulu ezikhethiwe ngokucophelela abasebenzi, sokunaka umlando.

Ngokwesibonelo, Jikelele Joseph Gusakovsky wanquma ubuyekeze abasebenzi futhi rejuvenate ke. Wenza uhlu ukuxoshwa eziningi eziphakeme abalawuli bamabutho ababenolwazi emnandi kakhulu, ukuba esikhundleni saso kungene kwabasebasha. Kulethe le dokhumenti ukuvunywa Grechko. Andrei Antonovich, uhlu ukufunda, ahlinzekwa ukuhola Gusakovsky yakhe. Ngakho, i-jikelele walahlekelwa umsebenzi. Grechko zenani isipiliyoni kanye ipumelelo ababuya empini.

Marshal Grechko wayethandwa futhi akuhloniphe amasosha aseSoviet. Isithakazelo futhi ulekelele ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe obusha. Siyabonga kuye, izwe yabonakala ahlomile indiza gunships tanks Ushintshe ngcono. Wafuna ukuthi amasosha njalo bazibandakanya emsebenzini owodwa owenziwe ukuthi asesikhundleni ifomu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Ngo imiyalo yakhe ezakhiwa Emakamu empi, izikhulu ayikwazanga ukuthola indawo kusukela wombuso. amaholo Military usukhulile, ngakho izinkinga indlela ukusebenza sondle imindeni, ukuthumela izingane zabo enkulisa, zazingasho lokho. Ngenxa Grechko izwe kancane kancane rose kusukela emanxiweni. Sakha izikhungo ukuqeqeshwa entsha, njalo aphethwe umzimba ezempi nokuqeqeshwa. Officer Rank zenani "isisindo sayo igolide."

Isihloko Marshal kweSoviet Union

Kancane kancane ezihamba phezu umsebenzi wezempi, kusukela ngo-1955 Andrey Antonovich Grechko - Marshal. Lona eliphakeme isikhundla yezempi, futhi lokho wasifinyelela kusuka inkonzo yakhe kwezempi kanye iRed Army indlu elula, ngokuletha nezinhlamvu. Naphezu isikhundla esiphakeme, Grechko abazange bazame aphazamise imisebenzi i-KGB. Andrei Antonovich babekholelwa ukuthi ezombusazwe futhi ibutho - imiqondo ehlukene.

Ukufinyelela phezulu lempi

Emva kokuthola isihloko Marshal, ngo-1957, Grechko waqokwa UMbusi of the Army futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ngowokuqala iPhini uNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela ka -USSR. Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa Andrei Antonovich waklonyeliswa ngo-February 1958 i-ubuqhawe nesibindi ekulweni amaNazi.

Ngo-1960 yena waba inhloko yalawa amabutho e-United States ne-Warsaw Pact atheleka. Ngo-1973 wathola indondo yesibili "Gold Star".

Isithunzi uhlamvu Grechko

Abaningi abaye bangenela le wahlangana no-Andrei Antonovich wamkhumbula esinjengesomuntu lezwi lakhe. Intelligent, efundile abanolwazi wezokuVikela. Ngisho empini Grechko ukuthi ahlale egqoke kahle, aphuce ehlanzekile. Ukuxhumana ke bekulokhu lesifanele, wayengase ukumuzwa lo muntu akazange ukuthatha noma yisiphi isinqumo sokwahlukanisa.

Grechko (Marshal kweSoviet Union) kwaba fan ezizinikele CSKA. Wenza i-club football ngaphezu kwabo bonke abanye ongqongqoshe. Ngemva kwempi, waze ibekwe ithimba ekhaya, lapho CSKA wafika Kiev. Futhi lapho Grechko kwaba-dolobha, wathatha izinkinga club baqaphe. CSKA sibonga Grechko, ngazuza nje kuphela enkundleni enkundleni, kodwa futhi base ukuqeqeshwa e Arkhangelsk kanye nezinye izikhungo zezemidlalo.

Andrey Antonovich Grechko: izingane, abazukulu, unkosikazi

Ngo Grechko kwaba unkosikazi (uthisha) nendodakazi Tatiana. Andrei Antonovich eyafa ngo-1976. Futhi kamuva, ngo-1990, wembelwa unkosikazi Grechko. Andrei Antonovich zamukele abazukulu babo, ngamawele Claudia no-Irene, owawazalelwa indodakazi yakhe kuphela. Umkhakha osanda kubalwa "indodakazi" ekhula, bashada futhi wabeletha intombazane. Futhi, futhi, zamukele Andrey Antonovich Grechko. izingane yakhe nomzukulu ngemva kokushona komzali wakho kamuva wathola impesheni kusukela wombuso. Futhi kusukela ebuntwaneni umphathi wabheka emva kwabo.

Ukufa umholi omkhulu wempi

Lapho iposi ka uNgqongqoshe Wezokuvikela wathatha Andropov, wayezama ukwandisa izenzo wayo nokukhula kwayo kuyisimangaliso izakhiwo lwezokuphepha loMbuso. Kodwa Grechko, Marshal kweSoviet Union, banesimo sengqondo esingaqondile kule futhi "ukubopha" ongunobhala jikelele. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwabo base buhle. Izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi Andropov wafuna amandla egcwele, futhi kancane kancane "bahlanza" okunganambitheki kuye endleleni eya "Olympia yomphakathi".

Isikhathi esining impela ovelele lapha emhlabeni ukuzosifela njengomhlatshelo kakhulu nevovremya. Ngokuvamile, abantu baya embhedeni engumqemane. Ekuseni, onogada bathola embhedeni isidumbu emakhazeni. Isimanga siwukuthi kodwa Andrei Antonovich uhambo yasemhlabeni yaphela ngale ndlela. Ngo-1976, 26 April, Grechko, Marshal kweSoviet Union, wabuyela emsebenzini ngesikhathi cottage lingelakhe siyimiqemane. Njengenjwayelo, sinyenya siya ubuthongo. Futhi embhedeni ekuseni bamthola efile.

Ukufa lamfica Marshal ngokuzumayo. Grechko washona elele. Iminonjana ukufa ngesihluku yayingekho, futhi odokotela abakwazanga ukuze kutholakale imbangela yokufa of Andrei Antonovich. Kunalokho, wagomela ngokuthi Grechko kwaba isesimeni esihle. Ngakho-ke, ukufa kwakhe kwakukude ezingaphezu kuka eziyinqaba. I isitsha nomlotha Andrei Antonovich isendaweni Red Square odongeni Kremlin.