A uphawu umnotho umyalo ... Isici esiyinhloko emnothweni umyalo

Ngokuthi umyalo uhlelo umnotho yokulima yayidumile eSoviet Union, eMpumalanga Yurophu eziningi emazweni ase-Asia nase-Afrika.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

Uma thina njani umnotho umyalo, singasho ukuthi unakho eziningi izici. Nokho phakathi lokhu kuhlukahluka ngokunikeza has engavamile lalo. Ngakho, isici esibaluleke kunazo zonke umyalo umnotho emphakathini (e umkhuba, isimo) ubunikazi izindlela zokukhiqiza kanye nemithombo, okuyinto waqaphela ngokusebenzisa oda (oda). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona monopolization futhi bureaucratization zokuphila kwezomnotho, okuyinto lungeza ngezindlela ezithile. Futhi ekuhleleni kwezomnotho maphakathi isetshenziswa njengoba ngesisekelo ubudlelwane indlela.

Thanda ungakwazi empilweni yesimanje uthuthele ku imidlalo inthanethi. Ngakho lokho kuwuphawu emnothweni umyalo kuyinto? "Avatar" noma yimuphi omunye ukuzijabulisa efanayo ukunikeza ukuqonda okuhle etindlela esetshenziswa - efana futhi ube nenkululeko senzo, kodwa elinganiselwe kanzima. Kukhona igumbi elilodwa, kodwa awukwazi uzakhe ambalwa izindlu. Kodwa manje ake sixoxe ngalesi sihloko nakakhulu.

Kwenzeka kanjani emsebenzini?

Ake sicabangele izimpendulo zemibuzo scheme nokuxhumana. Isici esiyinhloko umyalo umnotho khona isikhungo, onikeza imiyalelo nakangaka mayelana amazinga inqubekela phambili. Le ndlela kunciphisa ukuzimela yezihloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze agweme ukulimaza ubuhlobo khulula kwem phakathi amapulazi ngabanye is ngokuphelele kulawulwa inqubo ukukhiqizwa nokusakazwa. Futhi le njongo, tekuphatsa kanye zokuphatha (batch) izindlela njengoba ukuphathwa ingxenye. Lokhu kwakha isisekelo nezinye izakhiwo wale ndlela. Isici esiyinhloko umyalo umnotho ungumthombo kanye Izinzuzo ebaluleke kanye nobubi obuthile. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.

Izici eziyinhloko ukuqaliswa

Ngakho, uphawu emnothweni umyalo (impendulo yalo mbuzo sisuke sicabanga) ubunikazi yomphakathi, imiyalo control. Linikeza ukuphathwa ngqo kuwo wonke amabhizinisi kusuka isikhungo esisodwa. Le ndlela zisabalulekile ezikhathini yokuvivinywa omkhulu, nalapho leliya lizwe ubhekene nenselele enkulu, njengoba kukhona zibhaliswe zonke izinsiza ezikhona esetshenziswa ezintweni zokufinyelela lowo mgomo.

Njengoba isimo unegunya eliphelele phezu inqubo ukukhiqizwa futhi yi ukusatshalaliswa, kungaba aphonse ingxenye dolobha, ukubeletha noma izisebenzi yesayensi ukwenza imisebenzi ethile. Ngenxa yalokho, ngenxa umyalo nokulawula izindlela kungabonakala nasemkhakheni ukungabi emali (noma eduze yayo kangako zero ezingeni ukukhula), abampofu babhekane nezinga elikhulu kwezenhlalo, ukungasebenzi ubuncane kanye ukungabikho obumbi isicebi kanye umncintiswano enkulu ekwakhekeni imikhiqizo. Lokhu singasho sithi izinzuzo. Kodwa kukhona izinhlangothi negative - ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu asabela ngokushesha izidingo zomphakathi, yingakho kungenzeka kusilela kwezimpahla namasevisi bayindlala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile benza izinqumo okungalungile mayelana nokutshalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile konke yakhiwe ngendlela yokuthi abakhiqizi abanalo ugqozi zisebenzisa izinsiza ngokuyimpumelelo, bandise imikhiqizo futhi ukusungula.

Imininingwane yalolu ukuqaliswa

Ake unake iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu - umphathi we-Human Resources. izinqumo luyingxenye imadlana kutawentiwa basakaza waqothula yinoma ubani, iyona State. Empeleni, lo msebenzi aphathiswa bureaucracies. Inevitable kuleli cala, inani elikhulu amaphutha ukudala nakusoleka. Lokhu kuncike kakhulu ukuntuleka efaneleyo lwabaphathi futhi ikilasi ukulinganiselwa add amakhono abalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkinga eziphawulekayo oyinkimbinkimbi ukuletha ukuxhumana. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ngesikhathi edonsa ongoti abaqeqeshiwe kanye namasu eziningi for kokulawula kanye nokwenza imisebenzi yenqubo kunganciphisa ohlangothini negative, kodwa-ke ngeshwa, kuba kuze kube manje akekho oye wakwazi bakwenze.

I engavamile izindlela zokuphatha

Le ndlela idinga ukuthi ukubaluleka izimpahla namasevisi uqokwa isimo futhi akuxhomekile nesidingo zamanje ngabo kanye okunikezwayo okutholakalayo. Umthamo inzuzo nenkokhelo asethwe kusengaphambili.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kuleli cala, kuncane kakhulu incike isinyathelo lokusungula lwabasebenzi. Ngenxa yalokhu, akukho isisusa ukusebenza ngempumelelo futhi bafeze imisebenzi ezintsha. Ngenxa yalokho, zikhona izici ezimbi like ukuntuleka isinyathelo abasebenzi abangekho nentshisekelo umphumela wezenzo zabo, okwehlisa intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, kukhona ukuntuleka emnothweni kanye okushiwo umenzi.

Njengoba wonke amalungelo kuya izindlela zokukhiqiza basonta isimo, impahla izakhamuzi kukhawulwe impahla yabo siqu kanye amapulazi amancane.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kuqashelwe abanye ezicini ezinhle ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuphatha. Ekuqaleni, ukunakekelwa okufanele ikhokhwe lokho kudalwa livikela kakhulu emathonyeni zangaphandle emnothweni. Kulokhu, abantu abanazo unethemba esikhathini esizayo, ngisho ukusatshalaliswa izimpahla elibalulekile emphakathini kunomthelela nokuqina yayo ngokuzuza ukungalingani kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, azikho izinkinga nge umsebenzi.

isiphetho

Kangakanani inhlanganisela enhle kangaka? Ngokuvamile, inombolo yezici lokulawula umyalo bese indlela angase ezaqedwa ne ngekhono elingcono. Ngakho, ngokuvamile ngenxa ukubambezeleka enqubeni zesayensi kanye lobuchwepheshe (lokhu kwenzeka ngoba isikhungo akanayo isikhathi ukucubungula lonke ulwazi) abantu ababili kwenziwe umsebenzi, okuyinto kwaba ngempumelelo bebekezele wedwa. Ngakho-ke, nakuba isici esiyinhloko umyalo umnotho kuyinto isimo obungajwayelekile, kusenzima sikude kakhulu nokuphelela. Futhi singasho kugcwale umlomo ukuthi isimiso sezomnotho kuhlelwe ziyonikela ezingaphezu kweyodwa isixazululo ezinhle.