Amafutha angakanani okufanele athululelwe enjini? Imiyalo yokukhetha nokususa amafutha

Lapho nje abantu bethenga imoto, abavele baqale ukucabanga ngokukhathazeka esikhathini esizayo. Kodwa emva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa sekuyisikhathi sokucabanga ngalokhu. Imibuzo yokuqala yabanikazi bamoto ngokuvamile iphathelene nokugcoba uketshezi oluthile: ukuthi yini ongayisebenzisa, kungakanani ukugcwalisa injini, ukuthi ungayihlola kanjani izinga layo, ukuthi ungayenza kanjani indawo, njalonjalo.

Izici ezijwayelekile zamafutha enjini

Lezinto ezidliwayo zezimoto zihlobo lwamanzi amaminerali, ama- synthetics noma i-semisynthetic.

Amafutha amaminerali ngumkhiqizo wemvelo, atholakala ngokucubungula imikhiqizo ye-petroleum. Ama-Synthetics, njengoba ecacile egameni, anemvelo futhi adala njengomphumela wokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali, kanti ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali kuzokwenziwa uma i- oven amaminerali nama- synthetic ehlanganiswa injini.

Yikuphi okungcono kakhulu? Ukuhlangana kuphikisana kakhulu futhi kuqhubeka imisebenzi yayo ewusizo. Kodwa abashayeli abaningi bathanda ifomu lokuhlanganiswa, becabanga ukuthi kungcono kakhulu.

Kuwoyela, ipharamitha ye-viscosity ibaluleke kakhulu. Iyanciphisa ukungezwani kwezingxenye zenjini ngokumelene, ngaleyo ndlela igcine impahla yayo.

Izithasiselo - ipharamitha yesithathu ebaluleke kakhulu yezimpawu zamafutha. Benza umsebenzi wokuhlanza, ukukhululeka kwamadiphozi enhlamba, ukuthuthukisa ukugaya kwezinqubo kanye namafindo ngenkathi kusebenza, ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwama-node futhi, njengoba abakhiqizi beqinisekisa, ngisho nokulungisa izingxenye, okuyiqiniso, eziphakamisa ukungabaza.

Amafutha amahle kakhulu ebusika

Esikhathini esibandayo, abanye abanikazi bezimoto basebenzisa izinhlobo ezifanayo njengenye kwesinye isikhathi, lokho kuyisikhathi sonke sonyaka. Kodwa abanye, ngokulandela izincomo zochwepheshe, shiya kumafutha akhethekile injini.

Iyini engcono kakhulu sezulu ebanda? Ukushintsha amafutha kuye ngezikhathi, udinga ukucabangela hhayi kuphela izici zayo zekhwalithi, ngokuqinisekile okudlala indima, kodwa futhi nokusebenza kwalo msebenzi ngokuya ngokusebenza.

Ngemuva kwalokho, uma imoto igaraji, lapho kushisa khona, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi imoto idinga olunye uketshezi. Kodwa ngezimoto ezintsha, awukwazi ukugcina imali yamafutha. Ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo emihle kakhulu yotshwala, abanikazi bezimoto bazokwandisa impilo yeyunithi yabo yamandla.

Indlela yokukhetha amafutha emotweni yakho

Ukuze wenze ukukhetha okulungile, okokuqala kudingeka uhlole ibhukwana lezincwadi zethuluzi. Lonke ulwazi lubekwe ngokuningiliziwe futhi luphelele: zingaki amalitha amafutha athululelwa enjini, i-viscosity ethakanyiswayo nokunye nokunye nokunye. Ngemva kokufunda lokhu, umnikazi wemoto kufanele athenge amafutha afana nalezi zici.

Kodwa-ke, ngokuqondene nokuthi yiliphi uhlobo lokuthenga, angakwazi ukuzikhethela ngokwezifiso zakhe. Kodwa kwenzeke ukuthi amanye amabhizinisi nje awafanelanga imoto ethize. Ngakho-ke, okufanayo, kufanelekile ukunakekelwa nokubuyekezwa kwalabo abazama imoto yabo efanayo. Imibono yochwepheshe kule ndawo nayo ibalulekile.

Amafutha angakanani okufanele athululelwe enjini

Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, kufanele uqale ubheke incwadi yokufundisa imoto. Kodwa kaningi kubashayeli abangenalwazi futhi ngemva kokutadisha ibhuku ekusebenzeni kunemibuzo.

Ekugcineni, kungakanani amafutha okufanele athululelwe enjini ngokuvamile axazululwe inqubo ngokwalo, nakuba umkhiqizi evame ukuhola inani elithile.

Le nkomba, yebo, incike kumthamo weyunithi. Isibonelo, injini kusuka ku-1.8 amalitha kuya kweyesibili nengxenye yaziwa ukuthi amafutha angakanani ku-injini yeVAZ kufanele ibe: 3.7 amalitha. Kodwa ekusebenzeni lokho kugcwele okungaphezu kwamalitha amathathu nesigamu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma kushintshwa ngokuphelele amafutha ayidluli, kanti amaphesenti angaba nguhlanu kuya kweshumi injini asele.

Amafutha angakanani kufanele athululelwe kwinjini yomkhiqizi wangaphandle? Ngomthamo ongenhla we-motor, umthamo uzokwenziwa ngaphezu kwezimoto zethu. Ngokujwayelekile le namba isukela ku-4.2 amalitha kuya ku-4.4 amalitha.

Okokuqala, iningi lemali edingekayo lithululwa (amaphesenti angamashumi ayisishiyagalombili wenani elinqunywe umenzi). Emva kwalokho, emva kokulinda imizuzu embalwa kuze kube yilapho ixazulula, kancane kancane yonke imali iyongezwa. Kubalulekile ukuqapha izinga, ukuze lingadluli okungenani okungavumelekile.

Indlela yokuhlola izinga lamafutha

Ukuze uthole isibalo esifanele, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungabheka kanjani amafutha enjini ngendlela efanele:

• Imoto kufanele ibe sezingeni eliphansi;
• I-injini akufanele ihlukunyezwe, ngoba lokhu kuyingozi futhi umphumela oqondile ngeke usebenze;
• Imoto akumele iguqulwe ngaphandle, kodwa futhi ukuxazulula, okusho ukuthi elula ngaphandle kokusebenza imizuzu emithathu kuya kwemihlanu, khona-ke amafutha azoba nesikhathi sokungena emgqeni;
• Noma kunjalo ezimotweni zangaphandle kungenzeka ukuhlola izinga ngisho ne-injini eshisayo (kunezinkomba ezimbili kwi-dipstick: I-cold and hot, okusho ukuthi "kubanda" futhi "kushisa").

Amafutha ageleza kusuka enjini

Phakathi nokusebenza kwemoto kunezikhathi ezinjengezikhathi ezinjengezikhukhula eziphuma emotweni. Lokhu kungabangelwa izizathu ezahlukene:

• Ukuvuza kwezici zomuntu ngamunye;
• Ukuvuza kwezimpawu zamanzi;
• Ukungasebenzi kahle okuningi;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha angalungile;
• Isikhathi sokuphumula isikhathi eside;
• I-gasket ephahliwe.

Gulf nge lubricant

Amafutha angaphumelela ngenxa yokuthi ithangi lagcwala kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukucindezelwa kwe-motor fluid yaqhuma. Amafutha agcwalisa injini angabangela ukubhujiswa kwezingxenye nezimpawu zomzimba, okungokwemvelo, ezizoholela ekuvukeni.

Indlela yokubuyisela amafutha

Ukushintshwa kwe-fluid lubricating kufanele kwenziwe kusuka amakhilomitha ayishumi kuya kwangu-20 ukusuka ku-mileage, kuye ngokuthi imodeli yemoto. Kodwa uma, isibonelo, uma i-oyili igeleza kusuka enjinini noma enye inkinga ibangelwa ukulungiswa kweyunithi, khona-ke indaba efanelekayo kufanele ishintshwe, ngisho noma ingazange isebenze wonke amakhilomitha.

Inqubo yokushintsha amafutha ingenziwa kunoma yisiphi isikhungo sobuchwepheshe. Kodwa kulula kangangokuthi ngisho nomshayeli we-novice angakwazi ukubhekana nakho kalula.

Ngakho-ke, uma kunqunyelwe ukwenza indawo esikhundleni sakho, kuzomele uthenge isihlungi esifanele samafutha nesikhewu ngokwayo. Okokuqala kufanele kuguqulwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwe-motor kusuka emafutheni angaphambilini, njengoba iqukethe utshwala nezinsimbi zensimbi.

Ukuze uthole indawo, uzodinga i-trestle noma igaraji elinomgodi. Iziqukathi ezimbili zokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisebenzisekayo zilungiselelwe, ilitha elilodwa lalabahlanu, kanye ne-pallet. Le nqubo kufanele yenziwe ngenjini efudumele, ukuze amafutha abe ingilazi yamahhala ngokuphelele futhi engenazo izinsalela.

Ngosizo lwesihluthulelo cima isitembu se-stopper картера. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi unake isikhala esiphethweni kanye nesendandatho. Lapho amafutha egobhozwa, i-tray ifakwe futhi isimo sayo, izinga lokufakwa kwe-metalli nokumiswa kuhlolwa. I-cork igxiliwe ngokumelene ne-crankcase ukuze ingabuyiselwa emuva yi-jet. Khona-ke yonke into esetshenzisiwe isetshenziselwa isitsha esilungisiwe futhi ivalwe i-ipulaki ngokuqinile.

Kubuye kuphakanyiswe ukuguqula isitifiketi senjoloba, ngoba kuyingqayizivele ukuhluka ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa. Khona-ke elinye i-gasket ligcwala ngamafutha futhi libhekene ne-stopper. Ngemuva kwalokhu, ngaphandle kokususa i-pallet, isihlungi asihambanga kahle. Omdala uphonswa kude, futhi amafutha amasha athululelwa kulowo omusha futhi ahlolwe ngokucophelela. Ngokuqhubekayo kuyadingeka ukwengeza ekugcwaliseni njengoba inani lamafutha okuthunyelwa enjini liphakanyiswa ngumenzi. Izinga lokugcwaliswa lihlolwe yi-gauge ye-feeler.

Lapho imali edingekayo igcwele, imoto iqalwe futhi ishiywa imizuzu embalwa ukuvumela amafutha abe ngilazi engxenyeni ye-crankcase. Uma usuqalile injini, kubalulekile ukuqiniseka, ukuthi akukho streaks ezindaweni zokuxhuma zakhiwa. Uma konke kuhamba kahle, ungakwazi ukuhamba ngokuphepha ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezilandelayo nge-liquid fresh.