Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo isikhala, osomkhathi namaplanethi

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo isikhala, ngokuvamile ukuheha eziningi abafundi emhlabeni wonke. Izimfihlo nemikarisomraro ye yonke angeke sehluleke vusa emcabangweni yethu. Ulindelwe lapho, phezulu ngaphakathi the bhakabhaka? Ingabe kukhona ukuphila kwamanye amaplanethi? Singakanani isikhathi Kumthatha ukuya umthala ongumakhelwane?

Ngiyavuma, izimpendulo zale mibuzo Ngifuna uthole wonke umuntu, kungakhathaliseki ubudala, ubulili, noma, engiyishoyo, isimo sezenhlalo. Danae sihloko uzokutshela mayelana amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo kakhulu mayelana Isikhala osomkhathi. Abafundi bayofunda okuningi ngalokho ngaphambili nakancane.

Isigaba 1. iplanethi yeshumi esimisweni sonozungezilanga

Ngo-2003, ososayensi US wathola angaphezu Pluto enye - okweshumi - iplanethi ezungeza ilanga. Wabizwa ngokuthi Eris. Lokhu kwenziwa Sibonga kungenzeka ukuba ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe besimanje, emashumini ambalwa edlule mayelana ezifana amaqiniso ethakazelisayo isikhala namaplanethi, ososayensi abazange bazi. Kamuva yaphinde futhi sinqume ukuthi ngale Pluto Kukhona nezinye yemvelo lezinto isikhala, okuyinto yisinqumo ochwepheshe kanye Pluto futhi Eris phathelana transplutonian ezaziwayo.

Isithakazelo lososayensi ukuze amaplanethi elisanda kutholakala kubangelwa hhayi kuphela isifiso ukuhlola yangaphandle isikhala eduze ngokushesha (ezindinganisweni isikhala) iplanethi ewumhlaba. Kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi ingabe iplanethi entsha ukwamukela abantu uma kunesidingo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlola ukuthi izingozi sikhungo esisha ukuze kuqhutshwe lwezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni.

Abanye ososayensi emkhathini bakholelwa ukuthi amaqiniso ethakazelisayo isikhala jikelele futhi ukutadisha izici iplanethi yeshumi ngokukhethekile kungasiza ekuxazululeni izimfihlakalo ezihlobene izinto ezingaziwa flying, khona phansi zezakhiwo grand futhi akazange uthole incazelo yangempela giant kwezitshalo imibuthano.

Isigaba 2: I-ongaqondakali engumngane inyanga

Ingabe ngokuphelele ajwayelekile kubo bonke Earthlings inyanga yenza eziningi eziyimfihlakalo? Ngempela, amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo kakhulu mayelana isikhala abonisa ukuthi satellite loMhlaba efihla okuningi imfihlakalo. Nazi nje ezinye imibuzo, izimpendulo lapho ayikabi bikho okwamanje.

• Kungani inyanga has a usayizi enkulu kangaka? Ezisesimisweni sethu sikanozungezilanga akukho iziphuphutheki lemvelo, engaqhathaniswa usayizi to the Moon - kuba izikhathi 4 kuphela ezincane kuno ikhaya lethu iplanethi!
• Singabonisa kanjani ukuchaza yokuthi ububanzi we disc zenyanga ngesikhathi ukusitheka kwelanga ngokuphelele evala disc?
• Kungani Moon omise cishe ephelele orbit isiyingi? Kunzima kakhulu ukuchaza, ikakhulukazi uma sihlale sikhumbula ukuthi umzila wenyanga yonke eminye aziwayo iziphuphutheki yemvelo isayensi kukhona ellipses.

Isigaba 3. Ikuphi twin eMhlabeni

Ososayensi bathi Umhlaba unewele. It kuvela ukuthi ikhaya lethu iplanethi kuyafana Titan, okuyinto satellite of Saturn. Titan has izilwandle, izintaba-mlilo futhi obukhulu isikhwama emoyeni! Nitrogen emkhathini Titan kuyinto nse kuphesenteji imigomo kanye emhlabeni - 75%! Lena ukufana isimanga, okuyinto Yiqiniso, kudinga incazelo ngokwesayensi.

Ngeshwa, abukho ubufakazi kokuphila okuhlakaniphile Titan. Kodwa, mhlawumbe, usesho yezidalwa bakudala kule planethi asisona esingenathemba. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ungqimba ebusweni nge ngezinga eliphezulu Kungenzeka olwandle, 90% ehlanganisa amanzi. Ngokusobala, amaqiniso ethakazelisayo ukuhlola umkhathi kuseza!

Isigaba 4: Imfihlakalo Iplanethi Ebomvu

planethi ebomvu ngaphandle kwenkinga sonozungezilanga, njengoba sazi, ngokuthi i-Mars. izimo Ifanele zokuphila - umkhathi, kungenzeka khona amadamu, izinga lokushisa - konke lokhu kufakazela ukuthi ukufunwa kwezidalwa eziphilayo kule planethi, okungenani ngefomu bakudala, nebesperspektivny.

Kuye kuqinisekiswa isayensi, ukuthi Mars has ulele futhi wona. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ifomu elula eziphilayo ehleleke kakhulu ayikho kule nendikimba ethile esemkhathini. Nokho, ukuqhubeka nezifundo zakhe nzima kakhulu. Mhlawumbe main inkinga isici esikhulu ibanga kusuka Earth Mars, okuyinto isithiyo engokwemvelo yokufunda ngqo le planethi - the izindiza zezinkanyezi namanje ibuthaka kakhulu ngenxa ubuchwepheshe abangaphelele.

Isigaba 5. Kungani ayeke flying enyangeni

Amaqiniso amaningi ezithakazelisayo indiza emkhathini ezihlobene satellite yethu yemvelo. BaseMelika ukufika inyanga, kwathiwa ihlolwe ngochwepheshe Russian naseMpumalanga. Nokho, izimfihlakalo ahlale.

Ngemva kohambo lwendiza lwamahora abaphumelele Moon futhi esincike ubuso bayo (Yiqiniso, uma la maqiniso kwadingeka ngempela endaweni ukuba!) Uhlelo ukutadisha satellite zemvelo uye cishe ngiyaquleka. Lesi senzakalo sibizwa adidayo. Ngempela, yini inkinga?

Mhlawumbe abanye siqonde inkinga itholakala lapho ucabangela isitatimende American astronaut Armstrong wahamba phezu inyanga, ukuthi iyona umzimba cosmic selivele lithathiwe leli fomu wokuphila, ekulweni okuyinto esintwini ayinakho ithuba lokusinda. Ngeshwa, umphakathi jikelele cishe akukho ngalokho empeleni ukwazi ososayensi ezaziwayo.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi indiza-mkhathi nge osomkhathi nenyanga yahlala, abantu imfihlakalo yalokhu kungabi-satellite okungavamile njalo zidonse ukunaka kwanoma abacwaningi emhlabeni. Usithe Idonsa, ikakhulukazi uma le ndaba eduze ngezindinganiso cosmic, ukusondela.

Isigaba 6. isikhala yangasese

Dala i-olusebenza kwezimo abasebenza ngaphansi kwazo weightlessness, izimiso ezisekela ukuphila - lena umsebenzi onzima kakhulu. indle kufanele lisebenze kahle, ukuhlinzeka isitoreji biowaste kokukhwehlela esifike ngesikhathi evamile.

Ekuqaleni emkhunjini out emkhathini asihlali yini enye indlela yokusebenzisa namanabukeni ekhethekile. Lezi amathuluzi akuvumela ukuba unikeze yesikhashana, kodwa induduzo eziphathekayo kakhulu.

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo indiza wokuqala ongabantu emkhathini ibonisa ukuthi ukudalwa kwasekuqaleni kwezinto amadivayisi sanitary ngoba osomkhathi enamathiselwe ukubaluleka okukhulu. Ngokukhethekile sakhokhwa anatomy ngazinye zezisebenzi. Indlelanchubo yekusebentisa zamanje ukuba kuhlomisa impilo mkhathi zone baba ezihlukahlukene.

Isigaba 7. ze ebhodini

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amaqiniso ethakazelisayo Isikhala osomkhathi hhayi kungathinta futhi ekuphileni kwansuku zonke abavamile izikhathi, ezifana namasiko nezinkolelo.

Abaningi bathi osomkhathi - kuyinto abantu abakholelwa ezeni kakhulu. Abaningi ukwamukelwa olunjalo belungaphelelwa idale ukudideka. Ingabe kunjalo ngempela? Eqinisweni, izazi zezinkanyezi ukuba aziphathe ngendlela yokuthi kubonakala sengathi bangabantu nokungabathembi kakhulu. Ngempela flight kuthathwe a sprig of umhlonyane, iphunga kuyinto okusikhumbuza izwe lazo lendabuko. Ekuqaleni mkhathi Russian njalo zihlanganisa ingoma "Umhlaba ngokusebenzisa ifasitela lomkhumbi noma lebhanoyi."

Iqala ngoMsombuluko, uSergei Korolev akakuthandanga, futhi waze waqinisela isiqalo ngosuku ehlukene, ngaphakathi spite of izingxabano kule ndaba. Sula izincazelo kabavumelanga muntu. Lapho izazi zezinkanyezi namanje waqala uqale ngoMsombuluko, ngo-ukuqondana ngeshwa, kube inombolo ezingozi (!).

Okthoba 24 - kungcono usuku olukhethekile elihlobene ne sibhicongo e Baikonur (ukuqhuma nangomcibisholo ballistic ngo-1960), ngakho-ke, njengoba umthetho, lokhu suku ayisekho kwenziwe ngesikhathi umsebenzi kwethulwa isayithi.

Isigaba 8. engaziwa amaqiniso ethakazelisayo yonke futhi uhlelo isikhala Russian

Umlando Russian isikhala umkhakha - ukulandelana ecacile izinto ezenzeka ngesikhathi. Ngokuphawulekayo, ososayensi, abaklami onjiniyela ephethwe impumelelo. Kodwa, ngeshwa, sekube yinto embi kakhulu. Ukuhlola umkhathi - lena indawo kunzima kakhulu ezihlobene ne-umsebenzi izimo ezimbi kakhulu.

Kulabo emazisa umlando ukuhlola umkhathi, imigwaqo kanye nolwazi mayelana impumelelo esemqoka ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni isikhala, futhi zincane, futhi akazange ngisho ukubaluleka ubufakazi.

• Bangaki abantu bazi ukuthi lesikhumbuzo Yuriyu Gagarinu e Star City ine isici esithakazelisayo - ku ngakwesokunene sesihlalo Cosmonaut lokuqala aboshezelwa Daisy?
• Kwenzeka isimanga, lesi izidalwa kuqala eziphilayo, ababeyile ukuya emkhathini, kwaba ufudu, hhayi inja, njengoba kukholelwa kanjalo ngokuvamile.
• mbumbulu sokhuni isakhiwo samanje, ibanga elibahlukanisile kwaba 300 km - ukudukisa isitha, 2 cosmodrome lakhiwa 50s kwekhulu lama-20.

Isigaba 9. Funny okwatholwa amaqiniso ethakazelisayo isikhala izingane kanye nabantu abadala

Ukuvulwa embonini isikhala, okuyinto yaziwa emphakathini, futhi ngezinye izikhathi abe umlingisi ezihlekisayo, naphezu ukubaluleka yesayensi yangempela.

• Saturn - iplanethi Kulula kakhulu. Uma ukucabanga ukuthi ungachitha okuhlangenwe nakho ukuze ukucwiliswa yayo emanzini, sizokwazi ukubona ukuthi le planethi emangalisayo ngabe ukuntanta phezu kwamanzi.
• usayizi Jupiter kangangokuba ingaphakathi le planethi unga "indawo" wonke amaplanethi okuyinto ukuhambisa omise yabo njengoba uzungeza ilanga.
• A iqiniso kancane ezaziwayo - inkanyezi ikhathalogi lokuqala Hipparchus kwaba usosayensi endaweni ezikude kakhulu kithi 150 BC
• Kusukela ngo-1980, i- "Lunar embasi" uthengisa iziza surface oyinyanga - kuze kube manje, uye ithengiswe kakade 7% kobuso inyanga (!).
• Baziqambela ipeni ukuthi ingabhala zero amandla adonsela phansi, US abacwaningi baye bachitha izigidi zamadola (Cosmonauts Russian isetshenziswe ezingxenyeni ezinemiqondo mkhathi zindiza, ngokubhala ipensela, futhi akukho nkinga).

10. I engavamile kakhulu isitatimende NASA

Maphakathi NASA ngokuphindaphindiwe kwakunokwenzeka ukuzwa izitatimende ukuthi ababebheka njengoba engavamile futhi akumangalisi lokhu.

• Ngaphandle nemibandela eliwumhlaba adonsela phansi osomkhathi zihlupheke "isikhala ukugula" izimpawu ubuhlungu nesicanucanu ngenxa wahlanekezela ukusebenza zengaphakathi lendlebe.
• Uketshezi emzimbeni ivame ukuba ikhanda astronaut, ngakho kukhona ukuvaleka ekhaleni kanye ebusweni kuyinto Puffy.
• Kukhula indoda emkhathini iba ezinkudlwana njengoba ingcindezi ku yomgogodla kuyehla.
• Snoring kubantu Earth nemibandela weightlessness ephusheni akusho bungakhiphi noma yimuphi umsindo!