Car Ukucaciswa GAS-53: umthwalo, idivayisi, futhi wesifunda

Gorky Automobile Plant esikhathini kusukela ngo-1961 kuya ku-1993, ukubeka phansi odabeni lokufaneleka ukugeleza naphakathi emsebenzini amaloli Gaz-53. Imoto Isisindo zazisuka amathani 3 kuya 4.5, kuye ngokuthi ukuguqulwa. Kubhekwe umshini libhekisela isizukulwane sesithathu lesi sigaba. Lokhu imoto, nazo zonke kugucuka, waba obanzi kunayo ku ekukhiqizweni amaloli Soviet. izimoto abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezine zavezwa ngesikhathi ukukhiqizwa.

Umumo (GAS-53-F)

Kuze 1967, sibangelwa futhi silwenza Gaz-53 F. Auto zalala ukuba six-cylinder namandla iyunithi four-PPC. Fuel ukusetshenziswa kwaba mayelana 24 amalitha ngamunye amakhilomitha angamakhulu. I-node ibhuloho ine amagiya wotho, injini 11 kusukela GAS-booster ukwandisa ingxube kokucindezelwa.

Kubhekwe imodeli imoto GAS-53, okuyinto umthamo kwaba amathani 3.5, futhi kwaba ifakwe amathayi amasha base lakhulisiwe. Ngesisekelo kulo mshini yakhelwe amaloli flatbed, alahle amaloli, ubisi emathangini avuzayo nokunye. Banikezwe ukwehluleka njalo izingxenye, amandla ongaphakeme futhi eziningi design amaphutha, izimoto kwakungafanele ethandwa futhi wakhishwa ukukhiqizwa ngo-1967.

Series 53 53A

Phakathi 1964 1983 wabona ukukhululwa onobuhle Gaz-53 53A. Lezi ukuhlela kabusha basuke ifakwe ngamandla ZMZ-53 ku-115 wamalitha namandla kakhulu. Umklamo inikeza anda yesivinini 85 km / h endaweni ukugeleza isilinganiso uphethiloli (amalitha / km) - 25/100. Ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza iloli zanikezwa yokulahla platform ilungiselelo, umzimba ezimboziwe, idivayisi zokususa amandla futha wokubacindezela.

Isisindo GAS-53 laliphansi 0.5 elithi ton (u-3.5 kanye 4.0) kunaleyo 53A iphethini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwehlukahlukana yesibili has izinzuzo ezilandelayo:

• isikhungo se-eksisi Okuningi enamandla.
• Ikhipha le gimbal entsha.
• I eyinkimbinkimbi ayo.
• Kubuyekeziwe Ukuvikelwa kurediyetha.
• Impinda amasignali vula ophahleni.
• Entsha gumbi Ukushisa somoya wiper kwi drive.

Imodeli sibuyekezwe weloli Soviet waklonyeliswa State Quality Mark wase-USSR.

ukuguqulwa 53-12

Lokhu GAS-53 imodeli, okuyinto umthamo kwaba amathani 4.5, ikhiqizwa 1983 nonyaka 1992. Umshini injini ifakwe ZMZ-511 amandla 120 amandla nehhashi, ngesivinini esiphezulu 90 km / h. Fuel ukusetshenziswa anda ukuze 30 amalitha angamakhulu ngayinye, kodwa kukhona kungenziwa agibele amahhashi gas ukufakwa igesi ukugcwaliswa kuncibilike noma onomfutho.

Iloli yakhelwe kokuthutha imithwalo ezahlukene phezu track futhi emgwaqeni owubhuqu ngesikhathi i lokushisa kuma of -40 kuya +40 degrees Celsius. Le modeli yisihumusho ngcono yochungechunge 53A. Auto wathola injini ethuthukisiwe, amathayi osabalalayo, okwenza bakwazi ukwandisa Dynamics kanye nekhwalithi imoto walkable. Izimoto nge agcina igesi ekhishwe ngaphansi kophawu 53-27 futhi 53-19.

I olusha amandla iyunithi ifakwe amaphampu amaningi ngenxa yamafutha, ukugeleza isihlungi izakhi ngokugcwele, inhloko entsha isilinda, ukupholisa crankcase Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa loop avaliwe. Futhi ugongolo Axial waba njalo nakakhulu cushioning futhi Uhlaka izakhi, qeda kwekhabhoni kwehle ngo-cishe amaphesenti angu-20.

Export and yesimanje izinguqulo

Ethwele nomthamo Gaz-53 ngemoto, uya emazweni angaphandle, safinyelela amathani 4.5. Ukuze ukugcwaliseka zokuguqulwa kwezilwandle babe iziqephu 53-50 futhi 53-70. Babethi izimoto abekade iBelgium, iFinland, emazweni sezenhlalo. Cuba kanye Bulgaria kwadingeka amandla ukukhiqizwa ukwakha izimoto kusuka kits ezivezwa Gorky Automobile Plant.

Olwesimanje futhi ukuthekelisa uchungechunge ngasekupheleni ukukhululwa eyisitezi ifakwe phambili, ukuthungela iyunithi non-contact, zanamuhla ukukhanyisa izakhi, alamu inzwa, Hydro-Vac, ingcindezi distributor lapho unyathela amabhuleki kuwo wonke izimbazo.

Ngokwesibonelo, umthwalo GAS-53 (tipper) nge Inkomba 02 kwaba ngaphezu 4 amathani umthamo nokugumbuqela-metal umzimba platform amamitha amahlanu cubic wezimpahla. Tipper iye kabanzi embonini kanye nezolimo. Ngenxa izici isakhi athula wenziwa endaweni ukhululekile ukusebenza ecaleni.

izakhiwo Technical

Ezibekiweko oyinhloko Gaz-53 imoto wesifunda kagesi:

• Amandla isitshalo - piston uhlobo carburetor, ezine, senziwa aluminium ingxubevange.
• Umthamo (cc.) - 4250.
• Amandla (hp ..) - 115.
• Cooling ketshezi.
• Ukwakhiwa - Uhlaka, ngendlu ezimbili-kwesobunxele amasondo ayo ukubekwa.
• Ukumiswa Umhlangano - phambi (ezivamile, entwasahlobo ugongolo), ngemuva (okufanayo leaf entwasahlobo).
• Transmission - mechanical, izigaba ezine.

imishini kagesi siqukethe izinto ezilandelayo:

• Ibekwe ku imishini gumbi.
• Ibhethri (75 a / h).
• generator yokuqalisa.
• Wiring.
• Motors ngokuba ingilazi kanye Ukushisa iyunithi.
• Elements ukuthungela iyunithi.

uphethiloli iloli yokuhlala 90 amalitha, ijubane esiphezulu kuyinto 85-90 km / h endaweni ukugeleza rate of 24 amalitha uphethiloli ngayinye amakhilomitha angamakhulu.

Okunye idatha

GAS-53, esiphezulu umthwalo umthamo kanye nezinye izici zimi kanje:

• Ubude / ububanzi / ukuphakama (m) - 6.4 / 2.38 / 2.22.
• isondo Base (m) - 3.7.
• Landelela (phambili / bakhulise) m - 1.63 / 1.69.
• Clearance (cm) - 26,5.
• Isisindo semoto ukugijimela oda (m) - 3.25.
• Gross isisindo imoto (m) - 8,25.
• Inkokhelo max (t) - 4.0.
• Brake uhlelo - sigubhu kuwo wonke izimbazo, amandla wokubacindezela.
• Clutch - disk, uhlobo eyomile drive isigwedlo.
• amasondo Steel.

Lezi ukucaciswa imodeli ejwayelekile Gaz-53. Thina ethuthukisiwe ukwahlukahlukana ethwele amandla izinkomba, Dynamics kanye injini imithombo Kuthi ephakeme.

Izinzuzo nezingozi wonke chungechunge

wezimpahla Domestic Gaz-53, okuyinto has umthamo eyanele ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yasendlini, umgomo has ngebuhle nebubi. Izinzuzo izimoto zihlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukwenza Izinto Zibe Lula nokwethembeka enkonzweni.
• Lula ukusebenza.
• imisebenzi ifinyeleleke futhi kufinyeleleke, kanye enifeza ukulungiswa ezincane cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo.
• Lapho esikhundleni esifike uwoyela nokuhlunga powertrain kulungiswe ukuphila ifinyelela amakhilomitha ayinkulungwane 400 nokuningi.

Phakathi bokwenza yenkinga ezinjalo kuba angawodwa:

• Isevisi ukuphila esifushane kwabhoboka nasemhlanganweni bamba.
• Decent petrol.
• izakhi Uxhumano olungalungile gimbal, distributor kanye variator.
• Inqubekela phambili ngemuva olukhulu eziveza motor uwoyela uphawu.

Naphezu kwazo zonke lezo amaphutha, ukubika iloli zingatholakala namuhla traffic yasekhaya, okuyinto enye eqinisekisa kwayo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisemakhaya.

Izici

Uma ucabangela isikhathi ukukhululwa, Gaz-53 wabheka pretty yesimanje. Imoto has a eyodwa isiqeshana ngesankahlu-on izibani kurediyetha ezingeni. Uzimele oqinile isetshenziselwa zokuxhumana iningi amayunithi kanye amayunithi imoto. Uma zokuthutha ezidingekayo ngaphandle chassis babekwazi kwenziwe ingxenye yomzimba futhi ngaphambili.

Uphethiloli itholakala ngaphansi esihlalweni somshayeli, entanyeni Gulf uphethiloli etholakalayo gumbi emaphethelweni umnyango somshayeli. Le isixazululo odlale indima eqakathekileko aphuma likaphethiloli igesi, ngoba iyunithi igibele ngaphansi umzimba, lapho izimoto kakhulu uphethiloli.

Umshini lalifakwa nge ukuziqalela kagesi, induduzo inhlangano gumbi futhi asekelwe Ukushisa elektrostekloochistiteli. Isihlalo umshayeli nomgibeli kuhlanganiswe yinye, "usofa". I lounge inikeza isitoreji linezingxenye ababezithola phansi benze amathuluzi nezinto zokuhlobisa. Kunalokho, uwoyela ingcindezi inkomba kanye ammeter uvele isignali izinzwa, kanye emilindweni.

ukugxusha yangaphakathi

umthamo High Gaz-53 kunikezwe hhayi kuphela luhlaka okuqinile. A indima enkulu Dynamics nokusebenza iloli ukudlala izinhlelo zangaphakathi kanye nezindlela.

Emqulwini amabhlogo ezenziwe aluminium ingxubevange yohlobo Al-4. Umklamo V emise candy ibha ukuthi thermally kusetshenzwe, unelungelo engela izimbazo. izakhi Piston baphonswa we ingxubevange Al-30 uhlobo. I piston ngokwayo uyisiyingi isesimweni nge ukuncishiselwa emzimbeni anemifantu umhlahlandlela izindandatho.

Landing esihlalweni valve, le crankshaft is ezensimbi, eqondisa sleeves - ingxube zethusi-graphite. Emabhuloki isilinda amakhanda awashintsheki ndawonye esebenzisa izinduku threaded nge gaskets uphawu. Ngu ukufuduka Axial we crankshaft ivikelwe washers ezimbili ayeba nhlangothi zombili we support entanyeni.

isikhathi

Isikhathi indlela ulingisa indima yakhe, kuhlanganise namathonya yokuthi, amandla ngesikhathi Gaz-53, kuye ngokuthi ukuguqulwa. Ngo imodeli standard indlela nge valve phezulu-agibele amahhashi. I Lendawo ibandakanya:

• Camshafts futhi tappets.
• AmaGiya.
• Rocker ingalo futhi boom.
• Kuqondisa bushings neziphethu.

Uhlelo ugesi kuhlanganisa uphethiloli ithangi, amapayipi, amapayipi amanzi, futha mechanical nge carburetor diaphragm emakamelweni amabili, izakhi zokuhlunga. I futha uwoyela ikhuthaza uwoyela ligeleze ngomshikisho izingxenye indlela amandla adonsela phansi noma sicindezelekile. Lemifanekiso air - uhlobo inertial, lapho izinhlayiya imali ezingcolisa ethangini uwoyela.

Uhlelo ukupholisa uphiko avaliwe futha. Siqukethe amanzi ijazi block, futha, kurediyetha, thermostat, umlandeli nge bezinhlamvu, amafasitela kanye izakhi isixhumi. Lokufuduka iyunithi - 22 amalitha e ukumelana ukuthungela wesifunda.

isiphetho

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sithi sithukwa eSoviet imoto umkhakha, kukhona amasampula amaningi ngokwanele ekwenzeni umsebenzi walo. Enye yalezi izimoto kwaba Gaz-523, i-iloli elikhulu kakhulu, kokuba ukuhlela kabusha ahlukahlukene. Wasiza abalimi, nezimboni, motor ezokuthutha amabhizinisi aqhube, kwaba linesizotha e nokusebenza kanye nokugcinwa. Kulo msebenzi GAS-53 (inketho ibhodi) kuyinto 3-3.5 amathani nangaphezulu onobuhle zamanje futhi alahle osilivayut ukuba 4.5 ton umthwalo.