Chess: umlando, amagama. Life - umdlalo: zugzwang - kuba ugqozi extra, hhayi ekupheleni

Checkers kanye chess - ke ingenye imidlalo yesimanje ethandwa kakhulu. Kunzima ukuthola umuntu wanamuhla ongalokothi ekuphileni kwakhe abahambanga ibhodi izibalo black nomhlophe, ecabanga elihlakaniphile zijike ngokushesha. Kodwa abantu abambalwa kakhulu ngaphandle abadlali professional, ujwayelene amagama chess. Nokho, imiqondo le avame ukusetshenziswa ukuchaza izenzakalo zangempela zokuphila emphakathini. "Zugzwang" - ingenye esingaphezulu kwalemibandela.

Umlando omncane

Checkers kanye chess - kuba imidlalo ngempela lasendulo. Ososayensi emhlabeni wonke baye bahluleka ukunquma uma zivela. Kukholakala ukuthi Checkers udlalelwe e eBabiloni lasendulo. Chess uvele kancane kamuva - cishe ingxenye eyodwa nengxenye abantu eminyakeni eyinkulungwane edlule e-India. Namuhla, kuzo zombili imidlalo abhekwa nabanengqondo futhi ibekwe ezindaweni okuphawulekayo yokuzilibazisa abantu abafuna ukufunda indlela ukucabanga ngokunengqondo. Futhi sibonga ukuthuthukiswa zekhompyutha namafoni smart, futhi ukusabalalisa okwandile ngesivinini Inthanethi ungakwazi manje ancintisane Umphikisi virtual yonke indawo, hhayi ukulinda abangani zibuthanela etafuleni. Ungakhetha umdlali we ezingeni lakhe, futhi ungesabi ukuthi zugzwang - kuwukuphela inketho ekupheleni ukugembula umdlalo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu

Ukufunda yisiphi isihloko esisha njalo iqala nge apharathasi lomqondo. Ukuze bakwazi ngokuzimela beveza i iqhinga ezithakazelisayo, kufanele uqale ukujwayelana izincazelo ezinkulungwane kakade inhlanganisela ukudlalwa. Futhi lokhu ngeke kwenziwe ngaphandle ulwazi imigomo. Ezemfundo kunoma iyiphi ingxenye iqala indaba indlela izibalo zibizwa kanjalo. Umqeqeshi uchaza Wabasaqalayo ukuthi indlovukazi, round wasehhovisi kanye loshad- ke isiqu okungalungile. Lezi zibalo ngokuthi kanje: indlovukazi, rook, umbhishobhi futhi knight. Okokuqala okubili ezihlobene isigaba "ezisinda" kangaka, kwesibili - "ukukhanya". Ubude umdlali ngamunye pawns eziyisishiyagalombili, izindlovu ezimbili, ihhashi isikebhe, omunye indlovukazi yinkosi. Zonke izingcezu hamba ngezindlela ezahlukene. Pawns - kokubili nendawo futhi zibheka, izindlovu - ngokuphambeneyo, amahhashi - incwadi "G". Queens futhi AmaKhosi maningi izibalo ephathekayo, ngakho sihlanganise izitayela zabanye.

IBhodi kanye notation uhamba

Chessboard siqukethe 64 tikwele: omunye uhhafu - omhlophe, omunye -Black. Emaceleni kukhona "amhlophe" namabutho "black". umugqa acabangwayo ehlukanisa kubo libizwa ukutjheja imikhawulo. Qala Party, noma DEBUT walo - ezihlukahlukene gambits nokuvikelwa. Isigaba sesibili futhi ezinde kunazo zonke - ke middlegame. It iphela ukunqotshwa, draw futhi sinqobe. Zugzwang - lena kuphela umphumela Lesisemkhatsini. Uma umdlali idlula isikhathi esabelwe ecabanga ukugijima, he is a ohluliwe. Kulokhu thina bathi wayengumuntu ngesikhathi sokuhlupheka.

Uthuthela umdlali ngamunye kulotshwe ifomu ekhethekile. Ngo incazelo yabo ezisetshenziswa njengeziwusizo izifinyezo izibalo (Kr, F, C, A, K), futhi uma kubhekiselwe wabuka (izincwadi) kanye verticals (amadijithi). Castling bhala amaqanda.

Chess amagama

Amagama umdlalo izimo eziningi asetshenziselwa ukufanekisa izenzakalo zangempela zokuphila emphakathini. Kunzima ukuthola umuntu akazi ukuthi mat ezinjalo. Ngokungafani Shah kulesi simo akuseyona kungenzeka sindisa inkosi, futhi umphumela umdlalo uba kuzenzakalele. Pat - ke empeleni ophoqelelwe draw, ngoba akekho abadlali abanayo kungenzeka sife-. Castling e chess ezihlobene ukuvikelwa yenkosi, sifishane noma eside. Zugzwang - it is a ukuma okuthi ethutha esilandelayo yimuphi omunye amaqembu ngeke sibe sibi isimo umdlalo wakhe. Fork - isimo lapho uhlaselwa ezimbili nje izingcezu isitha sika.

zugzwang isikhundla

Ngokokuqala ngqá leli gama butholakala chess izincwadi German eziphathelene ekhulwini 19. IsiZulu Analogue yakhe ukusetshenziswa kabanzi emva iqhawe emhlabeni Emanuel Lasker ngo-1905. Kodwa umqondo wayaziwa abadlali zugzwang eside ngaphambi eside. Ngo-1604 u-Alessandro Salvio, ongomunye wabacwaningi lokuqala chess, ngowokuqala ukuchazela eziyimbangela yalokhu. Nakuba ezinye izazi zigomela ngokuthi zugzwang achazwa imibhalo Persian ka shatranj ezihlobene 9th AD leminyaka.

Life - umdlalo

Little amantombazane nabafana sengathi onodoli kanye amasosha ithoyizi. Nabo, balahlekelwa isimo empilweni yangempela. Njengoba sikhula, si- qongelela isipiliyoni, kodwa isidingo sekulingisa izenzakalo kungukuthi iqedwe. Checkers kanye chess ngokukhethekile - isibonelo okusobala. Bavumela wena ukubaleka nasempilweni yangempela kanti ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuzijayeza okuhlushwa inkumbulo. Zugzwang e chess lisifundisa ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi indlela engcono awulona khona, ngakho kudingeka senze ngokuvumelana hhayi prokrastinirovat, ngifuna intuthuko non-akukho. Ngezinye izikhathi kuyasiza ngiyeke, ulinde bese uthatha isimo ezandleni zabo siqu. Shah - akusona isiphelo, futhi isisusa nokufaka umfutho. Into esemqoka - ukuvimbela mat! Nakuba ithuba bathuthukise amakhono abo futhi bashaya umdlalo engakaze kukhanselwe, ngakho konke curled kuwe!