"Cybernetics Yezokwelapha ': okukhethekile. Uyini cybernetics yezokwelapha

Medical Cybernetics - ohlangothini olusha kwezesayensi, eliqoqa isinqumo ukuhlola izinkinga ukuthuthukiswa ikhompyutha yakamuva. indlela enjalo yenza kube lula ukuhlanganisa nokusetshenziswa bemishini yezokwelapha ezidingekayo wokunakekela impilo yabantu.

Umlando Medical Cybernetics

Ngeshwa, ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene lo cybernetics wezokwelapha yasekhaya waqala ukuthuthukiswa yayo nge lag abalulekile. Kuphela ngo-1959, lesi sijeziso libuyiselwe ku amalungelo abo futhi ngenkuthalo ukuthuthukisa kanye neminye imikhakha yesayensi.

ESoviet Union ohlelweni ukuhlolwa ngokwelashwa lokuqala yadalwa ngo-1964. Yingaleso sikhathi-ke endaweni yokucwaninga Institute Surgery. Vishnevsky uhlelo okuzenzakalelayo kuqala eyenzelwe sitholakele yesifo senhliziyo azalwa naso lakhiwe. Kamuva, ngo-1969, i-Institute of senhliziyo Ukuhlinzwa iye yasungula uhlelo algorithm ukuxilonga ngokuzenzakalela isifo valvular. Ukukhiqizwa amayunithi wokuqala ukuze kuhlonzwe laboratory steel ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi isitshalo kubo. Semashko 70s kwekhulu elidlule. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-othomathikhi indawo elawula uhlelo (ACS) akubhekwa a gimmick, kodwa ithuluzi ngampela emsebenzini udokotela. Ngokwesibonelo, i-odokotela abahlinzayo base bethole eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuqapha "Symphony", okuyinto ikuvumela ukuqapha isiguli ngesikhathi ukuhlinzwa, uhlelo lokuqala ukuqinisekisa Medicine "Ikhemisi" iye yamukelwa nabanye. Ngakho ngaqala cybernetics yezokwelapha ezweni lethu.

ukuthuthukiswa Cybernetics ekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili

izimiso ezintsha zika- laboratory izifo ezihlukahlukene baye baveza ukuba khona State of abaqeqeshiwe. Ngakho kukhona isiyalo entsha in the ezikhungweni zokwelapha le - "Medical Cybernetics". Okukhethekile ngokushesha bakhangwa abafundi eseyintsha yayo kanye nombono. Udaba lokuqala cybernetics yezokwelapha wawuba ngasekuqaleni 1979 kwi uphiko lokuqeqeshela ezokwelapha nezinto eziphilayo Second eMoscow Medical Institute.

Maphakathi nawo-80s izimiso cybernetic ukuxazulula izinkinga eziningi zempilo ube ngokoqobo kwansuku zonke. Emadolobheni amakhulu zikhona izikhungo zokuxilonga ifakwe yesimanje othomathikhi indawo elawula uhlelo, ngokuvumela ukuxilonga izifo by imiphumela cwaningo. I eyodwa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo izikhungo - izibhedlela, izibhedlela, izikhungo zezempilo - kukhona nomagazini ezenzakalelayo ukusebenza kwedatha yezokwelapha engenayo ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo ezintsha ngokuzenzakalela ukugcina amarekhodi azo imibhede ngayinye sikhungo, sokubonana ukubona udokotela.

Yini ukutadisha cybernetics

Ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe on zonke izindawo igatsha isayensi anganikeza uMnyango Medical Cybernetics iyiphi medvuza ezweni lethu. Ngokuvamile, isayensi uyafundelwa nokuxhumana ukulawula izinqubo ezenzeka ngokwemvelo, operation ehlelekile izinhlelo ezihlukahlukene, ikhono nokusabela ezintweni ezenzeka ngaphandle, ukubuyela esimweni saso sokuqala emva isenzo zangaphandle, nokunye.

Njengoba izinhlelo ushintsho imithetho kukhona jikelele, angasetshenziswa kabanzi kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, cybernetics yezokwelapha isebenzisa izimiso zokubambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo Ukuphathwa ubuchwepheshe lokunakekelwa kwempilo, futhi zokwelapha. Njengengxenye yalolu ensimini yesayensi athuthukile mechanisms yokulungiswa izinqubo ezibalulekile, izindlela ngcono ukuthola izifo ezingathi sína kwababhemayo nasezigabeni zokuqala yenqubo isifo.

izingxenye uhlelo

Ngo umkhuba, kubukeka sengathi lokhu. Noma yiluphi uhlelo yesimanje zokuxilonga siqukethe izingxenye ezintathu:

• memory eligcina yonke imininingwane yezokwelapha eziphathelene leli qembu izifo (izimpawu, izinkomba test, njll);
• iyunithi okunengqondo ukuthi angakwazi ukusingatha ulwazi lwamanje, uqhathanisa izimpawu isiguli, imiphumela ekuhloleni kwakhe wezokwelapha we idatha etholakalayo;
• amadivaysi okukhipha etholwe ukuhlaziywa - ukubonisa, iphrinta, nokunye.

kanjani imishini zokuxilonga

Uma udala kudivayisi zokuxilonga lokuqala zonke ukuthuthukisa indlela esemthethweni echaza isimo sempilo yomuntu, yenza ukuhlaziya zonke izimpawu zokwelapha izifo. Kusukela okuholela idatha afanayo ukhethe kuphela lezo idatha afaneleka ukuhlaziywa ambalwa. Ngaphezu netinombolo nemingcele yokuqondisa uphethwe yini kuba imininingwane ebalulekile mayelana nokuvama izimpawu zokwelapha, ngezigaba zabo nezilinganiso.

Lonke ulwazi lilondolozwe inkumbulo ka idivayisi Computing. Ngesikhathi isimo iqoqo idatha wamanje isiguli nekwetfula izimpawu imoto iqhathaniswa labo babeka phansi inkumbulo sekhompyutha. Ngakho iyawakha ukuhlolisisa owandulelayo ikhadi nesineke, ukubeka ukuxilongwa kungenzeka.

Yini can ukuhlola ihadiwe

inqubo logic ifaniswe okucatshangwayo udokotela-diagnostician - izimpawu ekhona kuholele uphethwe, ogxile bonke abanolwazi kwezokwelapha odlule.

izinhlelo ezinjalo kweemboniso kunganikelwa ukwenza isiphetho kuphela isifo, imininingwane zazo egcwele ku imemori computer. Idivayisi senzelwe sitholakele isifo senhliziyo, ayoba mancane amathuba okwenza bakwazi ukuqaphela laryngitis noma ukhwaliti ubuhlungu emuva, ngisho noma zonke izimpawu ebonakalayo. ASU ezikhonjwe isifo esisha bengayi. Ukuze wenze lokhu ikhumbule umshini awulona ifakwe idatha efanele. Kodwa uhlelo ezenzakalelayo kakhulu ukusiza udokotela ekwenzeni ikhadi zokuxilonga, uma kuqhathaniswa izibalo ekwakhiweni izifo oluphelele kanye nabanye.

Sifo - lokhu akukona konke. Okubukwa yenqubo ukwelashwa, ukusetshenziswa yokwelapha ezehlukene ngokomzimba futhi kudinga eyinkimbinkimbi imishini yesimanje ukuthuthukiswa software esiyingqayizivele okuyinto uyabandakanyeka cybernetics wezokwelapha.

okukhethekile

Amanyuvesi ezikhiqiza Ochwepheshe enjalo ngokuvamile wezokwelapha. izinhlelo Good ukuqeqeshwa ahlinzekwa:

• ESiberia State University of the Ministry of Health (saseTomsk).
• Voronezh State University.
• Pskov State University.
• uju Krasnoyarsk State. University. Vojno-Yatsenetskogo.

Noma ubani ofuna ukufunda izihloko ezifana "Cybernetics Medical", ulalele amanyuvesi ukunikela izifundo ezimfushane ukuqeqeshwa oyi-inyuvesi (zero Faculty). Lapha, abafundi ubuyekeze ulwazi lwabo e izifundo - ikakhulukazi izibalo, i-physics kanye biology. Ngamunye the izikhungo ohlwini kukhona ubuhlakani okuhambisanayo. "Cybernetics Yezokwelapha 'khona - akulona okukhethekile kuphela. On Web sites, minyango zingatholakala nge ukuqeqeshwa uhlelo lokuqala, okuyinto uchaza kuloluhla lwelinanincane wafunda theory kanye nokuqeqeshwa okuwusizo.

Ingatholakala kanjani okukhethekile "Medical Cybernetics"?

Ukuze yokwemukela Imiphumela ukuhlolwa kukhona isiRashiya ezibalulekile, Tibalo kanye nebudlelwane lobukhona biology. Ukudlulisa grade - kusuka 77 nangaphezulu. Igama elithi ka isifundo at onguchwepheshe - iminyaka eyisithupha. Ungase uthole degrees impohlo, onguchwepheshe noma ze-master in "Cybernetics Yezokwelapha '.

Amanyuvesi e Moscow, okuholela ukuqeqeshwa ongoti kule ndawo, okwethulwa isikhungo esisodwa kuphela - Russian National Research University. Pirogov. Ngo-2016 wathola oda isimo abafundi ukuqeqeshwa, futhi manje abantu 16 uzothola imfundo ephakeme kuleli okukhethekile ngezithukuthuku isimo.

Isidingo ongoti walephrofayela ezikhula unyaka nonyaka, futhi uhlu izikhungo zemfundo aqeqesha cybernetics yezokwelapha, kuyokhula.

Osetshenziswayo Medical Cybernetics

Amanyuvesi eRussia baye basungula lwezifundo zabo ukuze isiyalo theory sigcwalisa futhi wenabisa nolwazi ongalusebenzisa wesisebenzi yezokwelapha esikhathini esizayo. Abafundi ezikhungweni zezempilo baqeqeshiwe ezindaweni ezilandelayo:

• hardware ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa;
• nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ezenzakalelayo;
• silungisa amasu nezisetshenziswa zokwelapha ukuphathwa;
• ekuxazululeni izinkinga yenhlangano ohlelweni lwezempilo.

Ukwethulwa okwandile computerization futhi othomathikhi izinhlelo zokulawula sekubangele ukuncipha ezinkulu kwemibhalo yephepha. Kusukela imisebenzi yabo abasebenzi bezokwelapha ingena Imininingwane kuma-computer, ithela uhlaziyo idatha efakiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kakhulu ushintshe uhlobo ukuthola ulwazi kusuka base ezivamile, kwanciphisa isikhathi nombuzo processing, ukubika ovikelekile ifomu ukuzithoba. Konke lokhu kuye kwabangela ukuba nokwanda okuphawulekayo nekusebenta izikhungo zezempilo abasebenzi. Lokhu ngcono kuye kwafeza indima ebalulekile cybernetics wezokwelapha. Lokhu umsebenzi kuyinto ngempela ezithakazelisayo ngaleyo ndlela. Futhi lapho kungenzeka ukusebenza njengendlela lobuchwepheshe?

Izindawo yokuSebenza

high school iziqu, idiploma lapho ekhethekile "Cybernetics Medical", ungasebenza emkhakheni ukuhlola wezinsimbi futhi laboratory. Uma sikubeka kalula, ukwakha imishini kwezokwelapha kanye nokugcina ke.

Uxhumano ezishintshayo uhlelo lula ukulawula umsebenzi ukunakekelwa kwezempilo izikhungo, wezokwelapha usizo ngokuzenzakalelayo izinqubo ezihlukahlukene - phezulu ukwenza imisebenzi eziyinkimbinkimbi kuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke, cybernetics yezokwelapha ezifunwayo iminyango zokuphatha wezikhungo zezempilo kanye nezifundiswa wale phrofayela kungenziwa yayala, ifakiwe, afeze ukulungisa kanye ngcono imishini enjalo.

umsebenzi okunye

izindawo engeziwe umsebenzi zingakhiqiza imfundiso noma imisebenzi yocwaningo. Ngo izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme uzimisele athole ochwepheshe oseneminyaka engu-okungokoqobo kwemishini yezokwelapha.

Ayikho ngaphansi nesithakazelo ezindaweni lobuchwepheshe cybernetics yezokwelapha izinkampani ezahlukene ukuthi ngokukhethekile ukukhanda kanye sesimanje amasistimu akhona ukuzilawula ngokuzenzekelayo. Cybernetics abalinde izinkampani ekudaleni software ye amadivaysi, izilungiselelo software ezikhona ngokuvumelana nezimfuneko zamanje kanye nabanye.