Dinosaur amathambo. Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe nge amathambo ka izibankwakazi

Bayalithakasela Isasasa Esinalo ukhona izibankwakazi, izimpilo zabo futhi abangele ukushabalala ukubonisa izingane nje kuphela kodwa futhi abadala emhlabeni wonke. Ngalesi ilukuluku dinosaur amathambo eziye zatholakala emazweni ahlukahlukene, embukisweni we kwezazi Museum of emadolobheni amakhulu. kwezazi ukusebenza ukuthola uhlobo olusha izilwane ezingasekho ziqhubeka ezinsukwini zethu, ngoba Umhlaba njalo lapho bengena kusimangaze izimfihlo zabo futhi izinto ezintsha.

Isayensi-paleontology

Uma ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka museum dinosaur skeleton u boring Igumbi enothuli ziphephile, esikhathini sethu ubuchwepheshe okusezingeni eliphezulu kusenzima izindawo ekhangayo ukutshela ngokuphila kwezilwane nezakudala.

Ngenxa yesayensi, i-paleontology nesayensi, ososayensi kancane kancane kabusha isithombe umsuka zinhlobo futhi ukuphila emhlabeni kuze kube indoda. imishini yesimanje ivumela kuze kufinyelele 90-95% ukucacisa yobudala zamathambo futhi imprints izitshalo ezingqimbeni phansi. On izimo zokuphila, ukukhiqiza kabusha ukunakekelwa yenzalo kwezilwane nezakudala zingatholakala ku izinsalela amaqanda imivubukulo yobufakazi futhi abasha. Eyokuqala dinosaur skeleton ezitholakala iqanda kwakungekaNkulunkulu hypselosaurus yabuye yatholakala eFrance ngo-1859.

Ngakho, ukwakha njengesisekelo esinembile sokubalwa kwezikhathi egcwele yalezi nezikhathi nezakudala yokushintsha futhi izinhlobo esasiphila ngaleso sikhathi. Athole izinsalela zezinto eziphilayo lasendulo njengoba kuqala, futhi ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla ezinamehlo omkhulu nezilwane ezincelisayo ephakeme kungabonwa eminyuziyamu kwezazi emhlabeni, kodwa akuwona wonke zihlanganisa phakathi nemibukiso amathambo ephelele izibankwakazi. Ngokuvamile, zikhona amathambo ngabanye noma izingxenyana ugebhezi kwezilwane lasendulo, ngakho yonke uhlala paleontology kubhekwe yokuthola kwekhulu, kanye nabanye abasebandleni ababenemibono izimo abashiwo.

I iminyuziyamu edume kunazo akhiwe Melika, Canada, Russia, China, Turkey naseNgilandi. Ngo-US amadolobha 4 kungaba bancintisane, abanale amathambo ka izibankwakazi amadala, eziyingozi kakhudlwana futhi kujabulise.

Chicago Museum

Fildovsky Museum of Natural History Chicago, iqukethe emahholo yayo izinhlamvu zemali eziyizigidi ezingu-21, kodwa akunjalo kuphela abadumile. ithengiswe Amathikithi Museum ngoLwesihlanu bahambile kusasele izinyanga, njengoba kukhona kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuJuni, wonke umuntu angakwazi uhlale ebusuku.

Kwanele ukuletha esikhwameni ingalali, khetha imodeli ngaphansi kohlaka dinosaur futhi bachitha eduze kwakhe ubusuku bonke. Lo mcimbi kuthandwa kakhulu, hhayi nje phakathi kwemindeni nezingane, kodwa futhi abadala.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe yasungulwa ngo 1893, futhi lethiwa sibonga Marshall Field, abantu abanikele ngamaqanda nesidoda ukusungula kwakhe $ 1 million ngo-1894.

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke emhlabeni, hhayi kuphela kwezazi, kodwa abalandeli izibankwakazi skeleton ephelele amaningi Tyrannosaurus Rex okuthiwa Sue nje ngazo kulo mnyuziyamu Chicago.

"Ukuvela Planet" nokuchaza Museum ngokulandelana kwezenzakalo ubonisa izenzakalo zomlando emlandweni womhlaba. Awukwazi kuphela ukubona amathambo ka izibankwakazi lezinkathi ezahlukene, kodwa futhi bheka ifilimu enengqondo kakhulu ngokuphila 3D-format ukuthi mammoth noma utholakale kanjani "Sue."

Museum of Natural History e-New York City

Lokhu Museum wayedume ngisho nangaphambi kokuba wenze ifilimu "Ebusuku Museum." Yaqalwa ngo-1869, kuthatha 4 amakota eManhattan futhi kuba Museum elikhulu isayensi yemvelo emhlabeni. Ngokomfanekiso, ihlukaniswe yaba amakamelo, ngamunye elimelelwa hhayi nje ngenxa yezinkulumo nezikhathi ezahlukene zentuthuko le planethi, kodwa futhi abantu bendawo yonke.

Adume ihholo "umlando wemivubukulo 'akwenzeki ezingenalutho, ngoba ugcwele eqoqwe ekukhuleni umnyuziki dinosaur izinhlaka zamathambo, nenyama yabo emathanjeni abo, izingebhezi, amaqanda kanye izinyathelo nasemizimbeni.

Ngamunye inkathi dinosaur ukuphila lapha lunikezelwe ekamelweni elihlukile. Amakhasimende babesuka Igumbi eyodwa kuya kwenye, qaphela indlela izimila nezilwane zomhlaba kanye nongqi omusha ngamunye zomlando. Phakathi ziphephile akuzona izinsalela zamathambo kuphela ezitholakala Melika, kodwa futhi kusukela Afrika kanye nase-Canada.

Carnegie Museum e Pittsburgh

Lolu cwaningo uvele Museum sibonga isithakazelo usozigidi kanye UMuphi Endryu Karnegi ukuze izibankwakazi. It Nguyena futhi owanika imali 1899 ukucinga zamathambo kule Wyoming. Into ezithakazelisayo kakhulu ukuthi baletha skeleton of a yokwemba dinosaur ezazingaziwa nohlobo isayensi Diplodocus.

Le khophi iyi eminyakeni embalwa zihlanjululwa emadwaleni eliwumhlaba, elibuyiselwe eqoqwe, ngemva kwalokho kokuqendwa Diplodocus omele waklonyeliswa igama Carnegie. Sekukonke, umnyuziyamu presents 19 ephelele dinosaur ziphephile afakwe "kungokwemvelo" imvelo yabo. Ngakho, izivakashi Museum ungabona ukuthi izimila kwaba ngaleso sikhathi, nokuthi kushintshile ngaphansi kwethonya kwezimo zangaphandle.

Namuhla, i-Museum ine amakamelo 20 anikezelwe umlando ukuthuthukiswa wokuphila emhlabeni futhi has iqoqo elikhulu kunawo wonke kabusha dinosaur amathambo emhlabeni. Ezinganeni isiteji ezikhethekile ababebeka angafeza ekumbeni, ukufunda ukusebenzisa amathuluzi ngemivubukulo kanye nomuzwa kwezazi.

Fernbank Museum e-Atlanta

Labo yibo bonke izinhlobo izibankwakazi uncamela nababamele omkhulu, kangcono ukuvakashela Fernbank Museum e-Atlanta, e-USA.

It okuthenjiswa lapha imidondoshiya, eziningi zazo ezitholakala olusePatagonia. Emincane kakhulu Museum zezinhlobo wayephila esikhathini Cretaceous engenhla walinganisa mayelana 3 amathani - kuyinto loforotony, eyaziwa ngokuthi izibankwakazi platypus.

Uma ubuza umbuzo, lapho amathambo Museum of izibankwakazi enkulu, impendulo Fernbank Museum. Nangu skeleton Argentinosaurus, ogama isisindo safinyelela amathani 100, ubude - ezingaphezu kuka-35 metres.

Izivakashi Museum abakwazi kuphela zibabaza izinsalela bethukile lwemidondoshiya lasendulo, kodwa futhi ukuba kudlule "ngokusebenzisa isikhathi", ngokuvakashela esichasiselweni enikelwe esifundazweni saseGeorgia kusukela esikhathini izibankwakazi kuze kube namuhla. Kuyasiza ukubona ukuthi kancane kancane washintsha izitshalo, nezilwane wombuso kanye landscape yayo.

Ipaki Jurassic eTurkey

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke futhi ngobukhulu emasontweni aseYurophu, ukupaka "izilwane" nezakudala iyona Land Jurassic eTurkey. Akukho ukuba nohlaka lwamathambo wangempela, kodwa animatronicheskie amakhophi abo zinengqondo ukuze lube scary lapho ungena ezweni zabo besebenzisa 4D-Simulator.

Ezinganeni ihlelwe yemivubukulo, lapho bangakwazi ukuthola "wangempela" amaqanda futhi dinosaur Isazi bese uthola isitifiketi.

Museum of Natural Sciences Tsekung

Kuyinto Museum kuphela emhlabeni, sise indawo. UZigong City ine izihlalo 200, lapho kukhona khona izinsalela izibankwakazi zitholakele. Museum ngokwalo ihlanganisa indawo ka 25,000 square metres. amamitha futhi ingenye esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

Abaningi ziphephile kukhona lapho atholakala, kodwa kule site mlando eqoqwe futhi abuyiselwe 18 izibankwakazi izinsalela ezitholakele amathambo amaningi nezinye nezakudala izilwane, izilwane eziphila emanzini nasezweni, ezihuquzelayo nezinyoni.

Eyokuqala dinosaur skeleton ezitholakala Tsekung, ngokuthi gasosaurus. Kwatholakala nasesakhiweni ka iphayiphi ngo-1972, kodwa ukuyeka ukwakhiwa futhi aguqule endaweni omkhulu ka abavubukuli Museum ayengakwenza kuphela ngo-1987.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-Museum kwakuqala ukwanda emhlabeni wonke, futhi yayo abantu abayizigidi ezingu-7 uvakashele ngonyaka. Ngosizo lwezobuchwepheshe banamuhla, izivakashi "dive" ezweni Dinosaurs 3D yemidlalo eziklanyelwe.

Royal Museum of Paleontology e-Alberta, eCanada

Lokhu Museum ine lwezinto ezingaphezu kuka-80 eziyinkulungwane esisogwini kuka 4000 square metres. amamitha, kuhlanganise izibankwakazi 40 ibuyiselwe. Ungumholi phakathi kwezinye izinhlangano kwezazi ngenani amathambo ephelele.

Ngaphezu abameleli ezweni nezakudala zomhlaba, umnyuziyamu ungaphakathi Alberta izivakashi zamakhorali mockup ezazikhona angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-300 edlule.

Kukhona ehholo nginombono obuseduze kakhudlwana futhi ajwayelekile kubantu abaningi yasendulo amakati, izilwane ezihuquzelayo, mammoth kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziningi yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene zalabo izikhathi.

Ngenxa etimviwabukelwa namaphrojektha ziphephile "liphile" nezivakashi ungabona ukuthi eqinisweni bake olufana ukuzingela kanye nokunakekela izingane.

Moscow kwezazi Museum neHholo

Umsuka walo Museum kwezazi eMoscow kuhlehlela emuva Kunstkammer, kodwa baba lehlukile ngo-1937, ethula okwatholakala izivakashi kusukela Mesozoic, Cenozoic nezinye nangenkathi. Kusukela ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe II futhi kuze 1987, cishe ayisebenzanga, njengoba egumbini akumfanele yokwamukela izivakashi.

Namuhla, amathambo ka izibankwakazi Museum ithatha 5,000 square metres eMoscow. amamitha enkulu enhle yokwakha ngesitini esibomvu futhi has 6 amakamelo amakhulu, ngalinye ngokuzinikela isikhathi nezakudala.

Egumbini lokuqala izivakashi baziswa isayensi-paleontology futhi kulandiswe Museum ngokwalo. Lo mbukiso yesiteleka kakhulu ehhovisi - lwamathambo odumile woolly, lokwatholakala 1842 eSiberia. Waphila kwaze kwafika futhi kule ndawo cishe 40 000 edlule, esingamathani angaba ngu-5 futhi kwaba 3 metres ubude.

Amakamelo ezinhlanu ezilandelayo anikezelwe ezithile nezakudala.

AmaHholo kwenkathi Precambrian, le Paleozoic Okuqala eMoscow

Mhlawumbe lena akuyona egumbini ezithakazelisayo kakhulu Museum, njengoba kungekho izibankwa giant, kodwa ubapha ngokugcwele umqondo wokobana inomboro iplanethi savela futhi ugcwele izidalwa eziphilayo.

Inkathi Precambrian futhi ekuqaleni kuka Paleozoic ethulwa mikhondo omdala eziphilayo emhlabeni - eziphilayo ezinamangqamuzana amaningi, eziningi zazo eziye "yasinda" kuze kube yilolu suku.

Huge silwanyana amagobolondo imprints izitshalo niyikhulume kwenkathi ngaphambi Dinosaurs.

Kuyinto egumbini owesincane Museum, njengoba inikeza imibukiso ambalwa ezingenamgogodla zasolwandle kanye eyisinambuzane ophilayo ensimini ka eMoscow esikhathini karbonsky. Ukuba khona kwabo kubonisa ukuthi lapho le ndawo kwakungu-olwandle.

Ehholo Late Paleozoic, Mesozoic futhi Cenozoic

Mhlawumbe lena amahholo ezithakazelisayo kakhulu, njengoba abakubonisayo amathambo ka izibankwakazi. E-Moscow, abathandi kwezilwane nezakudala iyindawo ozithandayo kakhulu futhi ezivakashelwa njalo.

Ehholo Late Paleozoic futhi ekuqaleni kuka Mesozoic lisisiza izivakashi ne abameleli lokuqala yezilwane ezinomgogodla, okuyinto zifana experiment kothile kuka izibankwakazi. Lezi zilwane abe imilenze phezu emaceleni omzimba, okuyinto awubavumelanga ukuhambisa ngokushesha ezweni, akumangalisi ukuthi ngokushesha safa.

ihholo Mesozoic ngeke sijabulise abalandeli izibankwa giant. Basuke imelelwa skeleton ingane saurolophus nasezilwaneni eziyingozi - Tyrannosaurus Rex futhi Tarbosaurus. Herbivorous kuleli gumbi kukhona estemmenosuchidae omkhulu ngabanye nasezintweni ezazisetshenziswa kudala evela emkhankasweni UProfesa Amalitsky - ezihuquzelayo kwesikhathi Permian. nezikhathi Jurassic futhi Cretaceous ngikulandise hhayi kuphela izibankwakazi emhlabathini, kodwa futhi nalabo abamele izinyoni lasendulo.

Ehholo lesithupha kukhona ziphephile we Cenozoic inkathi, bhá okuyizinto ezibalulekile giant skeleton paraceratherium, mastodon-gomphotherium, emhumeni ibhere kanye nezinyamazane omkhulu.

Museum kuthatha izivakashi ezivela ngoLwesithathu ngeSonto kusukela 10.00 kuya 18,00.