I asteroyidi ngobukhulu futhi ukunyakaza kwabo. Asteroids Solar System

Asteroids namaplanethi ezincane, kakhulu kunabayeni Ubukhulu yabo anjenge ngaphakathi isimiso sethu sikanozungezilanga, efana Earth, Venus ngisho Mercury. Nokho, abakwazi kubhekwe "izakhamuzi 'agcwele ucezu yethu Galaxy.

ibhande main

Asteroids nesimiso sikanozungezilanga focus zokuzamazama amaningi. Umxhwele kakhulu babo zitholakala phakathi umzila wenyanga Mars kanye Jupiter. Lolu Phiko zemizimba elincane liye labizwa ngokuthi main ibhande elisemkhathini. IMisa zonke izinto ezibekwe lapha ngezindinganiso isikhala azinakwa: kuba% 4 kuphela mass kaMoon. Futhi umnikelo juqu lokhu kulungiselelwa kwenza asteroyidi ngobukhulu. Futhi ukunyakaza kwabo, futhi ukuhamba nozakwabo ezincane, kanye nemingcele ezifana ukwakheka, ifomu kanye nemvelaphi, baye yabakhanga izazi zezinkanyezi ngasekuqaleni XIX leminyaka: Ceres, ngaphambili kubhekwe le nguzunga ngobukhulu, futhi manje ezibangelwa inani amaplanethi yemifino, kwavulwa owokuqala ngoJanuwari 1801.

nangale Neptune

I Kuiper ibhande, Horta ifu kanye disc zihlakazeke sezisetshenzisiwe futhi wafundelwa zazisebenza njengezindawo lapho inombolo enkulu encane zasemkhathini kamuva. Eyokuqala yalezi itholakala ngale emzileni Neptune. Lalivulwe kuphela ngo-1992. Abacwaningi balinganisela ukuthi Kuiper Belt kuyinto enwetshiwe okuningi futhi okukhulu ngaphezu ukwakheka efanayo phakathi Mars kanye Jupiter. emizimbeni Small etholakala lapha zihlukile kusukela main ibhande izinto Ukwakheka: i-methane, ammonia namanzi kungcono sikunqobe rock kanzima nensimbi, "izakhamuzi 'isici Belt asteroyidi.

Nokho Amafu khona Horta namuhla akuyona efakazelwe, , lo mbono liyalingana mbono eziningi echaza zesimiso sonozungezilanga. Kucatshangwa ifu Orta, okuyinto isifunda eyindilinga elise ngaphesheya orbit amaplanethi at ibanga cishe ngonyaka ukukhanya- ukusuka elangeni. Nazi isikhala izinto sakhiwa ammonia, methane namanzi iqhwa.

Indawo disc ehlakazekile ligamanxa Kuiper ibhande eziningana. Ososayensi namanje abazi ukuthi ivelaphi. Iphinde ibekwe izinto ehlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene ice.

Qhathanisa elisemkhathini inkanyezi enomsila

Ukuze uthole ukuqonda okunembile mayelana nodaba kufanele buhlanjululwe imiqondo emibili yezinkanyezi: "Comet" futhi "Asteroid". kwakungekho isiqiniseko ngokuthi umehluko kwalezi zikhungo kuze 2006. Ngezinye General Assembly of IAU ngonyaka wathi inkanyezi enomsila kanye netshe elisemkhathini izici ezithile sigxilile, ukuvumela ucishe thembeke kuchasiselwe zonke nendikimba ethile esemkhathini ukuze isigaba ethile.

Comet - into yokuhamba ngesikhathi orbit side kakhulu. Lapho esondela ilanga ngenxa Sublimation ice, etholakala eduze kwamanzi, ukwakha enomsila kubani - ifu uthuli negesi, okwandisa yokunciphiswa ibanga phakathi into futhi sokukhanyisa zivame ukuhambisana ukwakheka "umsila".

Asteroids ikhoma asiyona futhi ngokuvamile ube orbit kancane side. Labo ezinwabuzelayo trajectories afana lezinkanyezi ezinomsila, ibhekwa njengomlando wesonto cores okuthiwa lezinkanyezi ezinomsila yokuqothulwa (inkanyezi enomsila ngokuthi izinto yokuqothulwa noma yokuqothulwa akusenanjongo izinto oluyingozi futhi musa yakha ngakho othile).

I asteroyidi ngobukhulu futhi ukunyakaza kwabo

Ngempela elikhulu ezindinganisweni isikhala lezinto ibhande main elisemkhathini lincane kakhulu. Iningi mass zemizimba elise phakathi Jupiter ne-Mars, ebangela ezine into - kuba Ceres, Vesta, uPallas kanye gig. Okokuqala phezulu 2006 kubhekwa le nguzunga ngobukhulu ke sanikwa isimo iplanethi yemifino. Ceres - umzimba kakhulu isiyingi nge ububanzi of mayelana 1000 km. isisindo salo mayelana 32% of the isisindo ingqikithi wonke amasayithi ibhande ezaziwayo.

Into enkulu kunazo emva Ceres kuyinto Vesta. On usayizi ngaphambi palladium yayo kuphela le nguzunga (emva ukuqashelwa Ceres, iplanethi yemifino). UPallas ihlukanisa kusukela ukuphumula bese-eksisi enyakazayo nonamandla ngokungajwayelekile.

Gig - yesine ngobukhulu nesisindo into Main Belt. Naphezu kobungako nobuningi bayo, kwatholakala asteroyidi kamuva kakhulu eziningana ezincane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-gig - into omncane.

Zonke lezi zindikimba lizungeza Sun luhamba luye ohlangothini olulodwa njengoba amaplanethi ungaweqi endleleni motion Zomhlaba.

Izici omise

I asteroyidi ngobukhulu futhi ukunyakaza kwabo kuncike imithetho efanayo njengabo bonke abanye ibhande ezihambayo zemizimba efanayo. omise yabo njalo sembulwa amaplanethi, ikakhulukazi i-Jupiter siba abalulekile nethonya elikhulu.

Ngu kancane ezungeza ome njengeqanda uphendukisa zonke asteroyidi. Movement asteroyidi elandelayo ukuchayeka Jupiter Yandisa kancane sigudluke ezungeza. Lezi offset lingachazwa ngokuthi i oscillation azungeze isikhundla esithile ngokwesilinganiso. On oscillation elisemkhathini ngamunye onjalo uchitha i emakhulwini amaningana eminyaka, ngakho kokuma kuze kube manje azanele ukucacisa futhi uqinisekise kwaqanjwa theory. Kukhokonke, kodwa-umbono yokushintsha omise kuvamile.

Waba yini umphumela wesibindi uzungeza ukufuduka - okwandisa kungenzeka ukushayisana. Ngo-2011, idatha basikisela ukuthi Ceres futhi Vesta kungase nekusasa zenziwe.

I asteroyidi ngobukhulu nokuhamba kwazo njalo ngaphansi kuhlolwa ososayensi. Izakhiwo ukushintsha zazo zingaphazami nezinye izici ezisikhanyisela ezinye amaphethini isikhala ukuthi inqubo ukuhlaziywa idatha ngokuvamile extrapolated nezinto kunangendlela asteroyidi. asteroyidi ukunyakaza ngenkathi ngitadisha futhi usebenzisa imikhumbi-mkhathi, okuyinto babe iziphuphutheki lezinto ezihlukahlukene okwesikhashana. Omunye Mashi 6, 2015 ngo-Ceres orbit.