I ezindawo indawo ye-Afrika. isikhundla ezemvelo nezwekazi

Yezwekazi lase-Afrika kuba esingesesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Ubizwa izungezwe izilwandle ezimbili kanye nenombolo engxenyeni yolwandle, futhi insimu yalo, esakhiwa kwezigidi ezingu 29.2 sq. Amakhilomitha, 55 uthi. Inani labantu base-nezwekazi uhlala ngaphasi kwelizinga lebuphuya, kwasinda kwamanye amazwe. isikhundla ezindawo Afrika kuwukuthi itholakala khona Nenkabazwe eseningizimu. Ngenxa sezulu lapha wehlukile kakhulu.

Extreme ezwekazini iphuzu komhlaba

incazelo yethu indawo Afrika iqale ngokuthi capes ukuthi kukhona isihlobo ngokwedlulele amaphuzu eziyinhloko. Ngakho, iphuzu esisempumalanga - kuyinto Cape Blanco (njengoba ibizwa Ras Engel Ras ben Sakka noma El-Abyad). Itholakala Tunis, ogwini Mediterranean. amaholide abaningi abavakashela leli ezweni elithile, ngokuvamile nize kule ndawo edumile. Southern nephuzu ka Afrika kuyinto-Cape Agulhas, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi ngezinye izikhathi obizwa ngokuthi Agulhas. Itholakala eNingizimu Afrika, eduze abadumile eCape of Good Hope. Western ekupheleni phuzu kulelivekati kuyinto Cape Almadies. Itholakala Senegal, enhlonhlweni ye-Cape Verde, futhi i-Atlantic Ocean. Nokho, iphuzu esempumalanga ezwekazini kubhekwe Cape hafun. Kuyinto eSomalia, uyephuza salo amakhilomitha angu-40, futhi ugcwale izizwe ogxile wendawo.

Pacific nasolwandle

Manje cabanga indawo Afrika maqondana amanzi emhlabeni ulwandle. Njengoba ezwekazini umugqa ugu unamandla kakhulu hhayi Kuhlehliswe nge amatheku, nemifula, lapha ingcosana, Nokho, njengoba kwezilwandle. Ngakho, ogwini olusempumalanga ye-nezwekazi i-Indian Ocean. Ukuze-ke adjoins eGulf of Aden, esemgwaqweni phakathi Afrika futhi eNhlonhlweni ye-Arabhiya, Red Sea, ephinde abelana la mazwe, kodwa kancane kuyo inyakatho, kanye Mozambique Channel - strait ende kunazo zonke emhlabeni, esemgwaqweni ophakathi kwezwe laseGrisi nenhlonhlo futhi Esiqhingini saseMadagascar. I lwe-Afrika olusentshonalanga wageza ngu-Atlantic. Kuhlanganisa kuphela eGulf of Guinea, lapho iphathelene emikhawulweni emazweni amaningana. Uma ucabangela sendawo of Africa maqondana Atlantic Ocean, abaningi baveza ukuthi uLwandle iMedithera, ezilandisa ogwini enyakatho-Gulf umzimba omkhulu wamanzi. Esikhathini eningizimu yezwekazi lase kungekho amatheku noma sisebunzimeni noma ulwandle. Khona-ke ukuxhuma izilwandle ezimbili.

amanzi maphakathi nezwe

hydrosphere Yangaphakathi kulelivekati akuyona obukhulu kakhulu, kodwa ngokuyinhloko lehluke njani kuletinye, futhi ubhekwa eliyingqayizivele futhi unrepeatable. Phawula futhi ukuthi ukusebenza Afrika isikhundla ezindawo okusisiza ukuba siqonde ukuthi leli zwekazi - the driest emhlabeni, ngoba zonke machibi kwalo kancane kancane iphele. Ngakho, lapho kwenzeka omunye wemifula ende kunazo zonke emhlabeni - saseNayile (ubude - 6852 km). Okunye imifula emikhulu lapha - kuyinto iNiger, Congo, iZambezi naseLimpopo noMfula Orange eningizimu yaleli zwekazi. Leli chibi elikhulu kunawo wonke e-Afrika, ubhekwa Victoria - iphuzu ejulile kuba 80 amamitha. Kulandele Lake Isi-Nyasa, Tanganyika, okuyizinto ezindaweni emaphutheni amapuleti lithospheric, kanye Lake Chad, okuyinto ngokushesha bome.

ezifakwa Iwusizo

isikhundla ezindawo Incazelo Afrika luyobe lungaphelele uma ukushalazela amaphutha wonke namaminerali ngaphansi kwamanzi. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, leli zwekazi yaziwa for imali yayo kwedayimane negolide. Lezi izipho bemvelo ukuwa eNingizimu Afrika, eZimbabwe, Mali, Ghana, Republic of Congo. Emazweni ezifana Guinea, Nigeria, Algeria futhi Ghana kukhona uwoyela. Iron, manganese, nsimbi okuhola nawokwenza phosphites bangaphansi amazwe lweNyakatho Afrika.

Ukuma futhi ebusweni

isikhundla ezemvelo Afrika ngokuyinhloko ngenxa sezwe flat. Enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye nezwekazi elalihlala Atlas Izintaba, naseningizimu kukhona Cape kanye zoKhahlamba. ETanzania, elise-East African Plateau, iphi intabamlilo Kilimanjaro - iphuzu esiphezulu kuleli zwekazi, okuyinto ifinyelela 5895 metres ubude. North Afrika - kuyinto ogwadule eSahara, lapho kukhona Highlands ezimbili (Tibesti futhi Ahaggar). Kodwa iphuzu aphansi zaleli zwekazi kuyinto zokucindezeleka Lake Assal - 157 metres ngezansi kolwandle.

izimo zezulu

Indawo-Afrika kubangela sesomile kakhulu futhi simo sezulu esishisayo. Yena ngokoqobo yayigabadela yenkabazwe, kusukela lapho nasenyakatho naseningizimu kuhluke ezipholile, kodwa futhi nge eyomile ngaphezulu esishintshashintshayo zezulu. Ngakho, kwelula kanye esifundeni yenkabazwe okushisa aphezulu ikakhulukazi, okuyinto musa ziyahlukahluka unyaka wonke. Futhi lapha ukuthola imvula ephakeme. I ibhande enkabazwe iphuzu ezishisa Afrika - Dallol. Ukuze ukusuka enyakatho uye eningizimu yenkabazwe ulandele zone subequatorial. Khona-ke kukhona nezimvula ezinkulu ngesikhathi ihlobo nobusika eziphephweni ufika lapha, ngokuletha nesomiso. Kulandele ezimbili band ezishisayo. Enyakatho, endaweni sinjalo iSahara ne-South - Lasogwadule LwaseNamibia Esibamba Amanzi kanye Kalahari. Kusobala ukuthi lezi izinto zemvelo zihlukile ubuncane imvula futhi imimoya enamandla.

isikhundla ezemvelo Afrika

Kufanele kuqashelwe izwekazi ukucushwa ukuze kutholakale izici zako ezisemqoka. Iphuzu eliyinhloko ukuthi ingxenye yayo enyakatho has a ububanzi ezingaphezu kuka 7500 km, kuyilapho elula eningizimu ngu km 3,000 kuphela. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, landscape nokuklanywa maqondana izigxobo yenkabazwe, kukhona engalingani. Futhi banake isikhundla ezindawo ka Afrika mayelana amatheku futhi becindezelwe. Abaningi babo yakha iziqhingi ukuthi singabakaNkulunkulu izici Geological ukuthi izwekazi. Phakathi kwabo kukhona Madagascar, Zanzibar, Canaries, nabanye abaningi. Bangabakhe amazwe ezifana Tunisia, iZambezi, Kenya, South Africa, Somalia. archipelagos Abaningi engabonakali ngokuphelele ngenxa yobukhulu bawo amancane, ngoba ngisho ebalazweni.