Ibanga kuya Moon

Ongenayo ngigqolozele kusihlwa ecacile serene engumngane okuphakade Zomhlaba - inyanga ongaqondakali futhi ezikhangayo? Kusukela ibanga kubukeka bushelelezi futhi cishe white, kodwa lokho lokho esiyikho, nalokho Ibanga Moon? Limelela zemvelo emhlabeni satellite, okuyinto has simise eyindilinga kanye ububanzi of 3480 km. Uma iphendukele ngosizo isibonakude, ungabona wakhe nazo zonke embozwe amatshe. Ososayensi baye bafakazela ukuthi inyanga engekho ngokuphelele emkhathini, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukhiphe amanye ukuphila. Imicabango azalelwa inyanga impela eningi, kodwa ikhambi eliyingqayizivele, ososayensi baye asikafiki. Kungenzeka ukuthi ubufakazi eqoqwe kancane kancane kancane ukuvula kwesihenqo ekusithekeni.

Ibanga inyanga, kubalwa phakathi izikhungo zabo ingamakhilomitha angu-384.399 noma 0,00257 AU. Uma siqhathanisa ngayo ububanzi iplanethi yethu, indlela eya satellite kuyoba 30 Umhlaba diameters. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ngokungafani kuya nomjikelezo woMhlaba, umzila wokuzungeza zenyanga okweqanda, ngakho ibanga Moon ngezikhathi eshintsha ukubaluleka kwayo.

Esikhathini 2nd ekhulwini BC kule impahla yale planethi ngimazi usosayensi Hipparchus. Wakwazi ukubala ibanga isilinganiso nenyanga, cishe owaphila sikhathi sinye nenani. Waqale ibalwa ukuthi ulingana 30 Umhlaba diameters. Omunye usosayensi, Aristarh Samossky, emibhalweni yakhe, "On sobukhulu kanye amabanga we Ilanga Nenyanga" namanje ku III. BC wazama ukubala amabanga phakathi izindikimba zasezulwini. Wathatha njengesisekelo yokuthi Moon kuyinto ukuma approximating ukuba eyindilinga, khona siyabakhanyisela ukukhanya kubonakala ukusuka elangeni. Wayekholelwa, ngesikhathi inyanga ngo lwesigaba ezithile futhi ubukeka isigamu-disk, it yakha ukuma weJiyomethri ngesimo calantsatfu engela kwesokudla. Kodwa, ngeshwa, usosayensi wenza iphutha izibalo izikhathi 20 kusukela kwaba nzima ukuthola ukuthi ncamashi lapho Moon kuyinto phezulu-engeli kwesokudla.

Namuhla Ibanga inyanga kunqunywa izindlela eziningana njengoba elungile ngangokunokwenzeka. indlela eyaziwayo triangulation amaphuzu amabili ezikude kakhulu emhlabeni. Enye indlela kusekelwe ukusetshenziswa laser itholakala iqiniso lokuthi isikhathi elinganisiwe isignali laser ithunyelwa inyanga, bese umphumela emuva. Ingqikithi ke wukuthi the Moon, ososayensi wasebenzisa efakwe ngokukhethekile ekhoneni kugqame. Isignali laser esithunyelwa surface eMhlabeni kuya kugqame, ngaleyo ndlela ngokunembile usethe isikhathi yayo ukuthumela. Kuthunyelwe nokukhanya kubonakala zenyanga isikhashana wabuya kwesibonakude. Njengoba ibalwa isikhathi esiqondile lapho ugongolo isidlulile kude Earth Moon futhi wabuya emuva, ukucacisa ibanga kusuka umthombo emisebeni kuya kugqame.

Ngokwesibonelo, e-orbit eduze-Earth buqamama ukuze Moon kuyinto 363.104 km, futhi uma ukhipha, noma kunalokho ngesikhathi apogee, kuba elilingana 405.696 km. Ngenxa yalokho, ibanga ziyahlukahluka cishe 12%.

Earth Moon musa akhombe umzimba, ngakho ukunquma ibanga emfushane phakathi kwabo ukwenza ukubala alandelayo: ibanga ukusuka perigee ukhupha isamba radii ukuthi ayalingana 6378 futhi 1738 km. Umphumela etholakala edingekayo ibanga okungenani phakathi amaphuzu kobuso Moon Nomhlaba, okuyinto ilingana 354.988 km.

Uma saya ngezinyawo ibanga elilingana ibanga ukusuka Earth the Moon, uhamba ngesivinini 5 km / ihora ngaphandle kokuma, kwakuyodingeka ukuyinqoba kuphela emva kweminyaka 9. Flying indiza ngesivinini 800 km / h bezingaba mfushane, bekuyoba asivumela ukuya enyangeni ezinsukwini ezingu-20.

Empeleni, ukunqoba ibanga inyanga, osomkhathi American phezu mkhathi "Apollo". Yibona abantu bokuqala abahambe enyangeni, futhi kwakungekho isenzakalo esibalulekile-July 20, 1969. Ukuze wenze kanjalo, kwakudingeka izinsuku 3. Indlela esheshayo - kuyinto endiza ngejubane lokukhanya, okuyinto 300 ayizinkulungwane km / s ngesikhathi. Le inyanga kuyoba ofinyelelekayo irobhothi 1.25 imizuzwana.