Kokungenela lwemali

Umqondo lwemali

Ngaphambi ukudalula lokho "lwemali kokungenela", kubalulekile ukucacisa umqondo lwemali uqobo. Igama elithi "lwemali" livela "valuta" isiNtaliyane, okuhunyushwa ku Russian ngokuthi "ebiziwe". Lwemali - kuyinto iyunithi malini ezweni elithile, ngokomthetho. Futhi ngaphansi lwemali baqonde Ngezimali, inkokhelo kanye credit zomculo amazwe, ezisetshenziswa yokushintshisana zomnotho nezinye kwamaZwe.

Ngokuya metallic yemali lwemali Ukuhwebelana banikezwe igolide kazwelonke imali credit. Ngemva ukuqedwa izinqubo esenana izinsimbi eziyigugu, zezimali babe "iphepha".

kokungenela zokushintsha zangaphandle

Lwemali kokungenela - isinyathelo ibhange central lokukhishwa, okuyinto aqukethe e ukuthenga noma ukuthengisa lwemali yezwe ukuze silondoloze indawo yawo. Futhi, lo mqondo kuhlanganisa imisebenzi abahlosiwe eziphathelene nokuthengiswa of currency angaphandle, injongo okuyinto ukuze kukhawulwe Dynamics exchange rate for nesilinganiso esithile ukwehlisa yayo noma ukukhuliswa. Injongo uzongenela ukuze abelane isiqondiso Yiqiniso ezingeni othize.

Exchange rate - Valuation kuyinto isilinganiso zezimali ezimbili in exchange. isiqondiso sayo kuyadingeka, ukuthi ngezinga lamanje exchange rate ye emnothweni wesifundazwe isungule kangcono.

Ukuze kugcinwe kuphinde kwenziwe ngcono izinga exchange ibhange central ethengisa izimali zakwamanye amazwe ngenxa kazwelonke, kanye nokunciphisa izinga lokuthenga yayo angaphandle (ngokuyinhloko US dollars) esenana kazwelonke. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kokungenela exchange angaphandle - isilinganiso ophoqelelwe. bengathweswa njalo: ngokwesilinganiso ngonyaka, kwelinye izwe, omunye kokungenela lwemali. Nokho, ukungenela ezincane Central Bank in exchange rate Dynamics kungenzeka kaningi.

izinhlobo ukungenelela

1. Real. It wenziwa obala. Kule nqubo, iBhange ngokuzimela noma ngabameleli waqala ukuthenga eziningi emakethe. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa usuphothuliwe, imiphumela ashicilelwe futhi imiqulu ethile.

2. oyidami. Lesi sinyathelo senzeka, uma kukhona imibiko operation kungenzeka, kodwa ukusebenza ngokwalo ayikahlanganiswa kwenziwe emithonjeni ehlukene. kokungenela ngamanga kuyinto yesikhashana. It has phezu ukwazisa kakhulu ukubuyeka iba nethonya ngaphandle kokungenela langempela.

Lwemali kokungenela eRussia

ERussia, le nkulumo isetshenziswa, njengoba umthetho, kanye nokugcinwa izinhloso Yiqiniso of the ruble ngokumelene nedola laseMelika. Russian ibhange elikhulu nohlobo ethengisa US Dollars ukuvimbela lwemali ezifuywayo bawe emakethe lokushintshisana angaphandle, bese sinomthelela amandla wokuthenga we kazwelonke lwemali exchange rate kanye nomnotho. Kodwa kuyafaneleka ukuthi ukwephulwa ezinkulu kohlelo ibhalansi izinkokhelo , le nqubo kungaholela Ukuwohloka okukhulu kwamanye amazwe izinqolobane.

Ingabe kunendlela ukubikezela kokungenela?

Ukubikezela kokungenela kuyadingeka noma sina ulalele yonke izinkulumo osopolitiki kanye nabaholi kwezomnotho ngubani uxwayise mayelana nezinhloso central yasebhange noma ngokuphelele futhi ngokucophelela ahlaziye yonke imibiko ezibalo.

Kuthatha isikhathi eside kangakanani?

Njengomthetho, lwemali kokungenela kuthatha amahora amabili kuya kwamahlanu. Ukunyakaza obuqine kunabo bonke kwenziwe ezimbili zokuqala - amahora amathathu. Khona-ke intengo angaqhubeka avuke inertia. Ngemva ukukhula inertial waphawula buyisela emuva, lapho intengo uzobe kushintshwe izimo ezintsha.

Nokho, Ngakho, kwemakethe indlela yokuzithiba eziqondisayo, kokungenela uhulumeni ludingeka "ukulungiswa" of exchange rate. Lwemali kokungenela ivumela lomnotfo ukhule ngalokuphindvwe ngokuyimpumelelo.