Idolobha laseRoma: indawo, inani labantu, izixhumanisi, umlando

IRoma iyinhloko-dolobha yase-Italy. Leli zwe lidumile ngesisekelo saso sezokuvakasha, izivakashi ezivela emhlabeni wonke ziza lapha zizojabulela ubuhle, ukunethezeka nokuzijabulisa.

IRoma ibhekwa njengenye yamadolobha amadala emhlabeni wonke. Ngokungafanelekile kuye kwaziwa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo njengomuzi ongunaphakade, noma uMbuso emagqumeni ayisikhombisa. Eminwe ungabuka amadolobha anomlando wasendulo futhi adonse izivakashi emhlabeni wonke ngezindawo zabo ezinhle nezakhiwo zokwakha.

Idolobha nezindawo zalo eziye zahlolwa zacwaningwa futhi zacwaningwa kuzo zonke izinhlangothi hhayi nje kuphela ochwepheshe-archeologists nabasebenzi bezikhungo ezihlukahlukene zocwaningo ezivela emhlabeni wonke, kodwa futhi nabantu abavamile abathanda ukuhambela izindawo zasendulo. Eminyakeni edlule, izakhiwo nezakhiwo ezakhiwe zomuzi omkhulu kangaka njengeRoma ziheha imibono yokubonga yezivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba.

Leli dolobha emlandweni walo omude liye labhekana nezimpi eziningi, izinhlekelele nezinye izenzakalo ezimbi ezingenakukwazi ukuzenza ngaphandle kokushiya imibhalo ekubukeni kwayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho evuka emlotheni nakakhulu kakhulu.

Indawo yezindawo kanye nezixhumanisi zaseRoma

I-Roma yanamuhla ihlala emfuleni i-Tiber futhi itholakala emagqumeni ayisikhombisa awakhiwa ezikhathini zasendulo, ehlala ethafeni laseCampagna Roman, elingekho kude neLwandle iTurrenic. Isimo sezulu eRoma sinomusa kakhulu ukuhlala okunethezeka, njengoba lesi samuva sinomusa kakhulu.

Ihlobo, nokho, liyashisa lapha. Futhi omunye uhlangothi olubi lwesimo sezulu yisimo esinamandla esivela eningizimu. Izifiso ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuthi i-sirocco yendawo. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa lithemba kancane, ngakho-ke kulokhu edolobheni likhululekile. Kodwa kule nkathi umoya wenyakatho obizwa ngokuthi "tramontana" ungase uphazamise.

Izixhumanisi zaseRoma geography zichazwe kanje:

• 41 ° 53 '41 "(41 ° 53 '68) we-latitude enyakatho;
• 41.89474 ngamadijithali;
• 12 ° 29 '2 "(12 ° 29' 3) ubude bempumalanga;
• 12,4839 ngamadijithali.

Umlando Omfushane weRoma

Indawo yokuhlala yasendulo ichazwa emhlabeni wonke njengoMuzi Ongunaphakade. Leli gama livela emlandweni omkhulu we-Rome. Emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka idolobha labhekana nokubhujiswa nokubhujiswa okuningi, okuyinto, okwamanje, eyenza kube yinto enhle kakhulu. Zimbalwa izindawo zokuhlala ezazisinda ngemva kwezenzakalo ezinjalo ezake zashaya iRoma. Ngokubuyiselwa ngokuphindaphindiwe, idolobha liyakhanga abantu. Akuyona ingozi ukuthi esikhathini eside esidlule baqala ukusho ukuthi yonke imigwaqo iholela eRoma.

Kunezinkolelo ezihlukahlukene mayelana nale dolobha, enye yazo ehlotshaniswa negama, ngokusho kwezinganekwane ezivela emadodaneni kaMars - Romulus noRumus. Bakha iRoma ndawonye, kodwa omunye wabazalwane baseRomulus - banquma ukuchitha uRom ukuba abe yinkosi kuphela. Wakwazi ukusebenzisa lo mqondo. Usuku lokumiswa nokudalwa kweRoma yi-twenty-first of April, eminyakeni engamakhulu ayisikhombisa namashumi ayisihlanu nantathu ngaphambi kwesikhathi sethu.

Ithonya lomuzi lasakazekela kuqala ehloneni lase-Apennine bese kuthi kuwo wonke amazwe aseYurophu. Kakade ngekhulu lesibili leminyaka yenkathi yethu, kwakhiwa uMbuso Omkhulu WaseRoma, owabusa ezindaweni eziningi kusukela eNgilandi kuya eNyakatho Afrika, kuhlanganise naso wonke ogwini lwaseMedithera, kanye nolwandle oluseningizimu.

Ngekhulu lesine iRome lase liyisikhungo sobuKristu sezwe lonke, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo salahlekelwa izikhundla zalo emkhakheni wezomnotho.

Kuwo wonke umlando walo omude, iRoma iye yabhekana nezingxabano eziningi, kuhlanganise nokunqotshwa kwedolobha yiFrance. Izinhloko zesonto lamaKatolika zaxoshwa edolobheni izikhathi eziningi. Futhi kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-70 ekhulwini leshumi nesishiyagalombili idolobha lagcina libuyiselwa emva kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezingxabano ezingapheli. IRoma yaba yinhloko-dolobha yase-Italy.

Ngamanye amazwi, ukukhuluma kafushane ngomlando woMbuso WaseRoma, lokhu sekuyikhulu leminyaka engamashumi amabili nesishiyagalombili ukukhuphuka nokuwa ngokubhujiswa okuphelele kwedolobha nezindawo zalo. Kodwa ngokunqotshwa komunye umuzi wawubuyiselwa futhi, kubonisa inzuzo.

Indawo yeRoma ku-Sq. I-Km

IRoma inendawo enkulu kakhulu - cishe amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalolunye, kuhlanganise nedolobha elizimele laseVatican, elihlanganisa indawo engamakhilomitha angu-0.5 square. Isikwele saseRoma siyingxenye yesifunda sase-Italy saseLazio. Idolobha ngokwayo lihlukaniswe izifunda ezingamashumi amabili nambili.

Iminyaka engakanani iRoma?

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, iRoma yaqalwa ngo-753 BC futhi ingenye yemizi endala kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, ungabala ukuthi yiminyaka eminingana idolobha laseRoma. Umlando wayo uhlanganisa iminyaka engu-2770.

Umlando womuzi uqala nomzana omncane owavela ekhulwini lesishiyagalolunye BC, bese wandisa ama-horizons ayo futhi waba yinhloko-dolobha yase-Italy. Umlando waseRoma ngo-2017 usuvele usuyiminyaka engaba ngu-2800. Ngakho idolobha lingabizwa ngokuthi lingunaphakade.

Abantu

IRoma, inabantu bayo cishe abantu abayizigidi ezintathu, idolobha elikhulu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, elinye lamadolobha amadala kakhulu adumile ngenxa yezwe lonke. Njalo ngonyaka inani labantu liyakhula - liyisici sokukhula komzimba nokufuduka, okungukuthi, ukuhamba kwezakhamuzi zakwamanye amazwe kuhulumeni. I-Square ye-Rome iyivumela kuze kube manje.

AmaPoles, amaRomania, amasiko ase-Ukraine nase-Albania ahlala edolobheni - imiphakathi enjalo yiyona iningi kakhulu, kanye namaPeru, amaNdiya, amaPhilippines namaShayina. Amazwe amancane ahlanganisa amaphesenti angamahlanu kuphela abantu baseRoma, kanti abanye base-Italy.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi iRomania ngumholi e-Italy ngokuvumelana nenani labakhileyo balo kanye nenani lezizakhamuzi zakwamanye amazwe.

Ukubunjwa kobuhlanga baseRoma

Phakathi kwabantu bakuleli dolobha, njengoba sekushiwo kakade, abantu bomdabu babantu ikakhulukazi - amaNtaliyane, inani labo ngamaphesenti angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaNtaliyane ahlala eRoma, azibhekisela ezihlotsheni ezihlukahlukene:

• ITuscany;
• Ama-angidi;
• AmaCalabri nabanye.

Ulimi olukhulunywa eRoma

Ulimi oluyinhloko lapho umuzi ukhuluma khona iningi labantu yi-Italian. Kodwa izakhamuzi eziningi zisebenzisa futhi ulimi lwesiRoma, okuthiwa i-romanesque. Yiqiniso, asikho isimo esisemthethweni esisungulwe ngumthetho wezinhla ezingenhla kanye nezinye izilimi zesiNtaliyane.

Inkolo yaseRoma

Ngaso sonke isikhathi, inkolo iye yaba ingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwezakhamizi zaseRoma. Inkolelo yokuqala kumaRoma yayiwubuqaba, ngoba izakhamuzi zomuzi oPhakade zakhulekela onkulunkulu abaningi. Kodwa ngokuqhubekayo, ithonya elikhethekile kwabakhileyo lase lihlinzekwe yiSonto LamaKatolika.

Ngokomlando, ensimini yeRoma kwakuyisikhungo senkolo yamaKatolika, okuyiyona idolobha laseVatican, okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi laba umbuso wamaKrestu ohlukile. Ukuqhubeka kulokhu, singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi iningi labantu izakhamuzi zaseRoma yiziKatolika. Futhi phakathi kwezinye izakhamuzi kanye nomuzi, kanye nombuso wonke, ezinye izinkolelo nezinkolelo zenkolo zivamile. Lokhu kufaka:

• UbuJuda;
• I-Orthodoxy;
• I-Islam;
• Ubhapathizo nabanye.

Ngakho-ke, singasho ukuthi iRoma idolobha eliyingqayizivele, lisinda izimpi eziningi nokubhujiswa. Kodwa ngakho konke lokhu inhloko-dolobha yase-Italy ayizange ilahlekelwe yikhiqizi layo nokunethezeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuze kube yilolu suku iRoma, indawo okukuvumela ukuba uthole futhi uhambisane nabahambi abaningi, ingenye yezindawo ezifunwa kakhulu ezokuvakasha. Lapha kufika izivakashi ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba.