Marshall Plan - ngxabano kuqala phakathi ngalokutsite esigodzini aseNtshonalanga Kapa kanye naseMpumalanga

I zithi kwempi Europe owasinda izimpi abanolaka WWII, kwakukhona isibalo imibuzo yemvelo ngo-1947. Endaweni yokuqala they namatha akhe imizi abathintekayo, indlela yokuphila nesimiso sezomnotho, demobilization lempi, sokudlulisela elinokuthula ithrekhi umkhakha. Kuyaphawuleka esingaphansi kokubhubhisa empini alethwe Zisizwa enqamula --United States. Nokho, futhi lapha thina nezinkinga zabo ukuthi kwakudingeka okumele kubhekwane nazo. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, isimo engengaphansi acute kwaba umbuzo demobilization nokuhlela nokuphila kwangasese amasosha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa lempi kwadingeka ukuba usongwa futhi kabusha ngokuhambisana nemibandela ukuthula. Kodwa lokho izimakethe zizogcwaliseka mikhiqizo? Uma i-pre-impi eYurophu kwakuyi enhle kakhulu ukuhweba umlingani nge izakhamuzi kuphela, manje nezwekazi lalingamanxiwa, futhi abathengi zendawo ayengayisebenzisa ukunikeza nesidingo ezidingekile yezimpahla ezingena. Yokutakula yayinenzuzo zonke. Umphumela waba ukuqondana yezinhloso LukaMarshall. Kafushane njengoba lalibizwa kanjalo, ngoba iqoqo izinyathelo kwezomnotho ehlongozwayo ngu Wezangaphandle George Marshall.

Ingqikithi yalo Uhlelo Marshall

Izici kuqala yephrojekthi kwaxoxwa ngo-July 1945 engqungqutheleni Paris. Ekuqaleni, lo Hlela Marshall wanakekela iqhaza ne-Eastern European States. Phela, ukwehluleka eyinhloko empini ncamashi Engxenyeni esempumalanga yeYurophu. Uma eqhathaniswa Warsaw, ePrague futhi Krakow, Brussels naseParis kwakubonakala angathintwanga impi izindawo nje ethule. Nokho, onqenqemeni esempumalanga yeYurophu uye sincike uhulumeni wamaSoviet. A nabaholi baseSoviet wesaba ukuthi usizo olunjalo ngeke US sokuqinisa ithonya kula mazwe futhi kwehlise udumo lwawo ku Socialist Party. Empeleni, lezi izizathu, kuwo onke amazwe sezenhlalo sebemukele sokuma uyaziqhenya futhi benqaba ukusiza. Kuyathakazelisa ukuphawula ukuthi phezu Marshal uhlelo ngokwalo belingenakukwazi ukuyiqukatha enwetshiwe ngenxa CPSU (b) uphike kwesabelo sezimali futhi khona izinkinga eziphawulekayo. Esebenzisa ezingaba Umphikisi wenqaba, ukuphuma emsebenzini ukushaqeka. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ukuvuselelwa eSoviet Union benza e ijubane layo akakunikanga indlela European, ake yathela ezinzima zabasebenzi.

Ukuqala kokusetshenziswa the project

LukaMarshall ekugcineni ukusakaza emazweni nesishiyagalombili yaseBrithani zaseScandinavia Islands, Western, Southern futhi eYurophu Ephakathi. Lolu hlelo kwezomnotho isibe omunye impumelelo (e hlobo) e wonke emlandweni wesintu. Isikhathi esifushane kakhulu isikhathi esivunyelwe Plan Marshall ukwakha kabusha umnotho babulala uthi European, okwenza izwe abadlali echumayo izilomo enkundleni geopolitical global. Njengoba sinazo zonke lezi zinzuzo Kumelwe kuphawulwe futhi ukuthi impumelelo uhlelo ngokwezinga elikhulu predetermined United States ukubusa emhlabeni entshonalanga. Ngokwesibonelo, yisibonelo esikhazimulayo leli qiniso yiyona igunya ukuqhubeka umbuso wezempi nezombangazwe orientation block wadala eminyakeni embalwa kamuva. Le yunithi kwaba NATO.