Impi Falklands: umlando ingxabano nasemiphumeleni yaso

Kulesi sihloko, sizokhuluma ingxabano elilandelayo kwekhulu XX, futhi imayelana Falklands neMpi. Le mpi kwalwiwa phakathi kwe-Argentina naseGreat Britain ngo-1982 Lo mbuso waqhubeka ubusa esingaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu. Kungani kwenzeka nokuthi lokho kwabangelwa yini kula mazwe ukuqhuba nabanye lokulwa ngamunye? Funda okwengeziwe.

prehistory

Ekupheleni kwekhulu XVII zaseFalkland, iqoqo leziqhingi zitholwe amatilosi European, kodwa ngenxa indawo eduze Argentina, kuleli zwe Ucabangelé njalo kubo ingxenye insimu yalo. Leli qoqo leziqhingi laqala ehlanganisa ezimbili ezinkulu futhi iziqhingi ezincane engaphezu kwamakhulu ayisikhombisa nasemifantwini yamadwala, kwakungekho bomdabu, futhi phakathi neminyaka edlule lapho isidlulile ngokuphindaphindiwe isuka kwesinye isandla iye. Kuleyandawo XVIII leminyaka isiNgisi, kodwa ngesikhathi yayisekelwe lapha American Revolutionary War , eBrithani waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye izwe. Ngo-1820, izakhamuzi ezingamaPutukezi Argentina kufika ku-Falkland Islands. IGreat Britain olawule eziqhingini 1833, begcizelela amalungelo abo kulezi zindawo.

Engxenyeni ekhulwini XX yesibili, Argentina uthethe izinyathelo eziningana zamanxusa ukuqeda isimo wamakoloni we-Falkland Islands. Leli zwe kwadingeka yesimangalo kulezi zindawo, futhi efisa ukudlulisa nobukhosi bawo kuwo. Umbuzo ka decolonization ukuthi kuxoxwa ngakho emihlanganweni eNhlangano yeziZwe, kodwa engakaze ukuxazululwa. Falklands neMpi ngo-1982 nje kwenzeka ngenxa le ngxabano kungalungiswanga.

Ubani okufanele basonta esiqhingini?

Isimo saba sibi kakhulu ekuqaleni kuka-1982, lapho inhloko yabangamashumi Junta ezempi ngo-1979, waqala ukubusa ngo-Argentina, wanquma ukuba bahlasele zaseFalkland. Impi waqala ngesikhathi lapho Argentina ayedabula akuyona izikhathi ezingcono. Kule ndaba, umbuso lempi Jikelele Leopoldo Galtieri Uzame nilidle iziqhingi ukuze ukuphazamisa ukunaka kwabantu kusukela izinkinga zangaphakathi yezwe, kanye ukuqinisa sibe nokuziqhenya ngobuzwe baso nasebunyeni abantu ngokumelene isitha esifanayo, kulesi simo-UK.

Ukuthwebula seziqhingi-Argentina

Kusukela ngo-April 2, Argentina zamabutho empi lawela phezu Falkland Islands, kanjalo ukukhulula ukungqubuzana olandelayo. Ukuthwebula seziqhingi, okuyinto ukuvikela cishe ayisishiyagalombili British amasosha kumi e Port Stanley, kwakungekho wokuchithwa kwegazi. AmaNgisi lacela umaluju, Falklands wamisa uhulumeni omusha, eliholwa Argentine Jikelele Menendosom. Kule ndaba, futhi kwakukhona impi Falklands, izimbangela zazo amanga eqinisweni lokuthi zombili izinhlangothi ukuze isimangalo ukungqubuzana ensimini.

Ngakusasa, ngemva kokwehla amayunithi Argentina e-Falkland Islands e-UN Security Council lathatha isinqumo nibiza amaqembu ukuba impi ukuze isisombulo soxolo. Britain Ngahlukana ne-Argentina zonke izinhlobo enobudlelwane esifundeni yathuma amabutho, ogama msebenzi kwaba ukuze uthole kabusha ukulawula zaseFalkland. Argentina, nayo iye amasosha ngaphezulu yabatshela ukunxenxa of angamarizevu. Amazwe nqumela unswinyo olubhekiswe nomunye. Falklands neMpi kunesokuqala sase siqalile ukuvunguza.

kwengxabano ukungqubuzana

Britain bahlela iqembu injongo ekhethekile, wathola umsebenzi ukubuyela kulesi siqhingi. Apreli 25 amasosha British layilamula lawela kusukela yempi, kwaba esiqhingini matasa saseNingizimu Georgia, etholakala ngaphansi kuka 1,300 km kuya empumalanga Falklands. Ngosuku olulandelayo, uNobhala-jikelele weZizwe ngokuthi ku-United Kingdom ngiwuqede ukuziphatha izingxabano, kodwa izwe sinqatshiwe izincomo. Falklands neMpi uye waqhubeka kukhuphukele emakhaleni ami, aboshiwe izinhlangothi zempi esifundeni amabutho ezengeziwe.

Apreli 30 United Kingdom umkhankaso iziqhingi ukuvinjelwa luphelele ngokubuyekeza ngwenya bese izindiza. Britain wayezimisele impi zone ngenhloso ububanzi amakhilomitha angu-200, okungadingi eza Kunconywa izitsha ezivamile izindiza. Ngokwe-izikhundla Argentina ugwaze, owabangela umonakalo eside kwabangelwa ukuba izindiza, zezindiza kanye nezinye izingqalasizinda.

I okunye phakathi nempi. ukunqotshwa Argentina

Meyi 2 Britain Ngishoné yi impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu Argentina General Belgrano, owawukwazi sabulala zezisebenzi 323. Umphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe ngesikhathi kakhulu kwabathukuthelisa kakhulu ngalesi senzo, ikakhulu esikhathini lapho ngwenya British torpedoed le impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu, yena waba ngaphandle umise ngokwaso njengoba UK 200 olungamakhilomitha engaba. I-Argentina Navy wabizwa ukuba lezisekelo zazo futhi abasahilelekile ingxabano.

Esikhathini esizayo, inkambo main we Falklands Impi iye wathuthela wezasemoyeni. Juni 12 eBrithani kwenziwa yahlasela Port Stanley, eye bagxila amabutho ayo ayinhloko Argentina. Falkland neMpi waphethwa. Lo msebenzi abathintekayo eBritish amasosha kanye paratroopers, njengoba bombardment enamandla lalowo muzi kwathiwa kwenziwe, okwaholela lezakhamuzi ezafa.

Ngemva Stanley wagcina sizungezwe amabutho aseBrithani emkhatsini lamacele ingxabano yasayina isivumelwano kwi sekubekwe. Ngakho, ngo-June 14 amasosha Argentina lacela umaluju, British sahlala komuzi. Kulesi ukungqubuzana wayephezu, zaseFalkland emuva ngaphansi kolawulo British.

Imiphumela kanye nemiphumela

Ngenxa empini Falklands, eBrithani elahlekile amadoda 258 abulawe, 700 balimala. Argentina wabulala abantu 649, balimala ezingaphezu kuka-1000, futhi ezingaphezu kuka-11 eziyinkulungwane. Ukuthunjwa.

I Falklands War of 1982, lapho i-Argentina anqotshwa kabuhlungu esikhathini esizayo ombangela kokugumbuqelwa Junta lempi, Leopoldo Galtieri. Kodwa-UK, le mpi encane enqobile bazuza ngokuvusa izakhamuzi kazwelonke bakwethembe uhulumeni nokuvumela izwe ukuqinisa ukuma kwayo emphakathini ngamazwe.

Isimo samanje

Argentina kanye ubuhlobo UK saba sibi kakhulu ngo-2010, ngemva yokugcina sekuqalile umkhiqizo kawoyela eshalofini we-Falkland Islands. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-England ubeke iziqhingi amabutho eyengeziwe maqondana okuyinto Argentina usegxeke ke, isola militarization yesifunda. Falklands neMpi futhi impikiswano kungalungiswanga namanje imbangela kuba nokungezwani phakathi kwalawa mazwe amabili.

Ngo-2013, i-Falkland Islands, inhlolovo owawuse, lapho umbuzo owabuzwa njengoba isimo sabo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi 98% wabaphenduli uzovotela i-isiqhingi ukuhlala indawo British Overseas. Kodwa iziqhingi zase-elinabantu abangaba izinkulungwane 3. Abantu, iningi lazo lendabuko British. Argentina, nayo yathi ngeke iyamukele imiphumela inhlolovo, njengoba kwenziwa ngaphandle UN ukwamukelwa. Ngakho-ke, izwe kuze kube yilolu suku siyaqhubeka walala isimangalo kulezi zindawo, kuhlanganise bebodwa.

Ngeshwa, ngisho nakuleli zwe lanamuhla kukhona izingxabano ezinjalo, njengoba neMpi Falklands. Vele ngabaningi babo siyazi kancane. By the way, e-Argentina, i-Falkland Islands abizwa Malvinas.