Indlela babhale indaba ekhuluma "Abantu uyaphila?"

Iyini injongo yokuphila? Kungani kukhona umuntu kuleli zwe? Iyini injongo yayo? Omkhulu zefilosofi, ababhali kanye izimbongi - Base befuna ukuphendula yonke le mibuzo. School indaba "Abantu uyaphila?" Banquma ukubhala ngesisekelo imisebenzi edume kunazo zabuna Russian. Kulesi sihloko sizohlola izinhlamvu tetemibhalo, incazelo zazo e lenza zindla umfundi ku umbuzo okuphakade zefilosofi. Akubona bonke bawumsebenzi abalingiswa nemisebenzi yezifundo zezikole. Ezinye zazo akuzona ngakho laziwa kabanzi, kodwa akukho ezithakazelisayo kancane.

ukwakheka esikoleni

On "Abantu uyaphila?" Cabangela ngokuvamile labo abonile ukuphila. Umuntu nje ukuqala indlela yabo kuleli zwe, njengoba umthetho, akuvamile siyingozi umbuzo ocishe ufane. Kodwa njengoba aphila ukuphila, cishe wonke umuntu uqala ukuba sihlaziye yempatho edlule futhi ukwazi ukuthi ndawana-thile iphutha elibi kakhulu senziwa. Ngokusobala, le indaba "Abantu uyaphila?" Kuncike ohlelweni lwezifundo zesikole ukuze baye kwakheka umqondo kwentombazane izimpendulo ngomumo eyenziwe zemibuzo kuyovela kuphela ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka amaningana.

Dostoevsky

Lapho senza lokhu, umsebenzi wokudala, intsha abangenalo nakho kokuphila, besebenzisa imisebenzi yalowo oye wabona izinhlekelele eziningi ngaphambili sibonga ithalente futhi wakwazi ukutshela umhlaba ngalo ifomu ezithakazelisayo ngisho endaweni ethile okuthakazelisayo. Fyodor Dostoevsky wayezibonele ngawakhe ukuthi umuntu uzizwa kanjani isahlulelo sokufa. Ngomzuzu wokugcina saphuma isinqumo enkantolo yamacala adlulisiwe, kodwa nakho ezabekwa kakhulu umphefumulo umbhali omkhulu. Kamuva ukuthi wazwakalisa imicabango yakhe ngokusebenzisa "Idiot," protagonist kule noveli.

Izihloko nemisebenzi

Indatshana ku "Abantu uyaphila?" Ingabe mhlawumbe lula ukubhala owayengeyena owohlu kudala on the esengozini yokufa nokuphila. Abantu abahlala yilanga, okuyinto liyashisa, izinyoni Ucula, ubuhle okuyinto inikelwe enhlanganweni imvelo ophanayo. Kodwa kuthiwani ngalabo okuphila uzolile futhi kulinganiswa, futhi ubani akasasiboni kungekho ilanga, akukho ubuhle obubazungezile? Ukuze ukufundisa abafundi ukuba baphendule ngendlela yokudala kugxile embuzweni othi: "Yini Madoda Phila ngu" imisebenzi banikela izibonelo ezilandelayo:

• "Ukubona umlingisi losemcoka endzabeni Bunin esithi" Gentleman kusuka San Francisco "."
• "Isiphetho Heroine e indaba uSolzhenitsyn sika" Matryona "."
• "USonia Marmeladov enovelini" Ubugebengu Ziyisijeziso "."

Ukuhlaziya Heroine Dostoevsky sika batawubhala ngesihloko esithi "Yini Madoda Phila ngu?" Indzaba. Imisebenzi omlobi omkhulu Christian benamandla ngokuqiniseka, okusekelwe - uthando ngomakhelwane. Kuphela le umuzwa kungasindisa umuntu ekonakalisweni zokuziphatha. Futhi munye kuphela bakwazi simjabulisa.

Sonia Marmeladov

Umphefumulo womuntu wakhiwa ngendlela yokuthi ukuphila okulula yasemhlabeni akwanele. Abantu ngokuqinisekile kudingeka balwele okuthile. Othile uyaphupha ingcebo, umuntu - wenkazimulo, umuntu - of uthando olungaphezu koluvamile. Kodwa wonke umuntu ufuna into eyodwa - ukusungula uqobo, kumelwe kuphawulwe ngaphakathi lo pilo. Nakuba eziningi ekuphileni nesabasemhlabeni ukukhathazeka ngezinye izikhathi ophoqelelwe indoda ukuzikhohlwa amaphupho abo kanye nezifiso. Futhi uqala ukuphila nje, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho bona basinde. Lolu hlobo bengathandwa abantu Rodion Raskolnikov. Wayengafuni ukuba baqhubeke behamba, futhi ngakho waqhubeka ezingamanga futhi eziyingozi.

Raskolnikov ukulondolozwa uthando - kweqiniso, okuwumhlatshelo, akudingi impendulo ukubonga nokudumisa. Lo muzwa e inoveli Dostoevsky sika emelela Sonia Marmeladov. Biography Heroine yilona impendulo yombuzo othi: "Yini Madoda Phila ngu?" Izibonelo imisebenzi kulesi siqondiso ungangena isici nezinye Dostoyevsky izinhlamvu, kodwa Sonia - samuntu sokholo nothando, izigaba ezibalulekile zokuziphatha nezingokomoya, ngaphandle okuyinto umuntu akakwazi ukuphila.

Vasiliy Fiveysky

Kwelinye izindaba Leonida Andreeva ukhuluma ngani umpristi, owalwa impilo yakhe yonke disbelief yakhe. Isikhonzi isonto - umuntu kokuba nezinjabulo abavamile kanye nosizi. Nokho, omunye wabo okuboniswe umsebenzi Andreyev, kuningi elalingakwenza lapho waze bahlanye kimi ukukholisa ngamazwi athi "Ngikholwa!", Ukuze kungabi bikho sokungabaza ukuthi kwenzekani ekuphileni kwakhe, lipulani laNkulunkulu, bese akuyona wobujamo nabulungisa jikelele.

Uma yokuphatha ngokubhala control msebenzi, focus thematic "Yini Madoda Phila ngu?", Indatshana ngesihloko, kanye ukufunda zonke izincwadi ezidingekayo kuzothatha isikhathi. Lokhu akuwona neze umsebenzi ojwayelekile okudala ukuthi engenziwa usebenzisa izinto ukuqeqeshwa. Ukubhala indaba isihloko kudinga kokuhlaziya imisebenzi yobuciko, njengalabo olunikezwa yohlelo, kufakwe ohlwini izincwadi ezengeziwe.

Nekhludoff

Esikhathini imisebenzi Lva Tolstogo waba embuzweni oyisihluthulelo: "Yini Madoda Phila ngu" Okubhaliwe, entry equkethe izingcaphuno ezivela inoveli "Isonto", kanye main ingxenye lunikezelwe protagonist kwalo mkhiqizo, kuzoveza umbono ikusasa womuntu wavele nje ngcono. Nekhludoff wahlala engacabanganga, akazange ahlupheke ngenxa mhlawumbe othile ubuhlungu. Kodwa lapho wabona owesifazana inkantolo, eye uba yisisulu khona kwakhe ngokunganaki. Ngemva kulo mhlangano Nekhludoff ukuphila washintsha.

Umuntu akaphili ngesinkwa sodwa umuntu ephila

Lokhu ibinzana ehlakaniphile nawo ezivela eBhayibhelini. Esethulweni indaba ekhuluma ngokubaluleka inoveli by UTolstoy kufanele sinake iVangeli ucaphune ukuthi umlobi sisetshenziswe njengesigungu sokufaka epigraph eziningi imisebenzi yakhe. Ngenxa kuzo kuba umcondvo lobalulekile amanoveli akhe, kanye Impendulo yombuzo ezingaphelelwa isikhathi: "Yini Madoda Phila ngu" ngokubhala, isiphetho yokutholwa ngesisekelo ukucabanga kwabo siqu - konke lokhu ngeke akwenze ngaphandle izingcaphuno ezivela encwadini ezihlakaniphe kakhulu emlandweni wesintu. Lalibhekisela nombhali "Isonto", owachitha ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwakhe ekutholeni izimpendulo zemibuzo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu okwakushiwo ifilosofi yamaGreki.

Herr von Kekeshfalva

Mayelana kwalokho, indlela kanzima bomshayeli okuyinto ubheka ukuphila kwakhe nomuzwa ekuqongeleleni ingcebo yezinto ezibonakalayo, kusho u-Ivan Bunin kwelinye imisebenzi yakhe edumile. indaba "The Man e-San Francisco," iqhawe efa ngaphambi kokuqala ukuphila. umbhali Austrian Stefan Tsveyg ephakanyiswe inoveli "I ukuntula isineke wenhliziyo, 'isici esiyinhloko yesihawu uzwela ngabantu bancishwa izidingo eziyisisekelo, okungukuthi impilo. Kodwa kukhona kulo msebenzi uhlamvu ezithakazelisa kakhulu, okusikhumbuza okuthile Bunin iqhawe azikubheki.

igama hero "The ukuntula isineke wenhliziyo" - Kekeshfalva. Uyena baron yizicukuthwane nezicebi kakhulu. Kodwa kwakungenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Uma wayemelela yena umfana yasemakhaya angamaJuda evela emkhayeni ompofu, kodwa kakhulu kanzima yokusebenza futhi imbozwe isifiso uyahlanya ukuceba, kumnyama kubomvu. Wazama kanzima, esebenza ubusuku nemini, wenza kuthengiselana abathembekile nabangamaqili (okokugcina babe okuningi), futhi ekugcineni hhayi kuphela ingcebo waqongelela, kodwa futhi yaphenduka Aristocrat Hungarian. Ngokungafani hero Bunin, yamaphutha akhe abone empilweni, lapho kufa umkakhe amthandayo futhi indodakazi kuphela phathelana zikhutshaziwe. Le noveli Stefana Tsveyga akufakwanga yezifundo zezikole. Kodwa lo msebenzi kuwufanele ukufunda kulabo zilungiselela indaba ngesihloko esithi "I-muntu uyaphila?" Umbhali Austrian owazinika inoveli yakhe ngempela impendulo enemininingwane yalo mbuzo eziyinkimbinkimbi.