Indlela yokuvula nezimbobo: igxathu negxathu Umhlahlandlela

Njengoba nezimbobo evulekile ku-router, abaningi abawazi. Kodwa ngokuvamile kunezimo lapho umsebenzisi yenzani, kepha isheke kusukela ngaphandle ibonisa ukuthi port namanje ivaliwe. Ezinye run ku ngale nkinga futhi abaqondi ukuthi sizokwenzenjani. Enye yezimbangela ezivame uhlelo nokuvikeleka ikhompyutha siqu. Iqiniso liwukuthi ukuze ufunde indlela ukuvula nezimbobo router, umuntu owenza ingxenye kuphela indaba. Futhi, badinga ukuthi ivulekile imithetho firewall kwi computer. Okulandelayo izochazwa ngokuningiliziwe indlela ukuvula izimbobo-Windows 10 futhi izinguqulo ngaphambili yesistimu yokusebenza.

Indlela ukufinyelela izilungiselelo firewall (firewall)

Lezi izilungiselelo asezindaweni Control Panel, kukhona esigabeni "Uhlelo Security." Izinguqulo elisha yesistimu yokusebenza zingase zisebenzise lokhu elementi ideskithophu like search. Kuyadingeka ukuba baqale ukungena igama elithi "i-firewall", futhi umsebenzisi uzobona imiphumela isixhumanisi esifanele. Enye indlela ngokushesha kakhulu futhi evumelana ngokufaka amasethingi is ngokucindezela Win R inhlanganisela. Uzobona umugqa lapho ufuna ukubhala: «firewall.cpl» bese uchofoze on OK.

Indlela ukuvula iphothi kukhompyutha ku-firewall?

Ngo ukushona firewall esakhelwe, ukuya "Izilungiselelo ezithuthukisiwe", bese kuzovula nesigaba nemingcele ku Ezokuphepha Okuthuthukisiwe. Ngakwesokunxele kunebhokisi nemithetho uxhumano engenayo. Kuyadingeka ukuba uvule futhi udale umthetho. Ukuze wenze lokhu "Izenzo" ngakwesokudla icindezelwa into efanayo, futhi uzovulelwa "Iseluleki ukwakha imithetho uxhumano". Uhlobo lwesimiso Kufanele kukhethwe ethekwini. Ngokulandelayo, khetha uhlobo olandelwayo, futhi isikhala seso. Ngokuvamile, umthetho olandelwayo TCP ekhethiwe, futhi kuyaqabukela - UDP. Iphinde icacisa inombolo port. Ngazi kanjani ukuthi ungavula imbobo? Njalo game and Uhlelo kudinga inombolo ethile. Kungatholakala kubhalwe ngokusebenzisa injini yokusesha. Ngemva kwalokho, wabeka uphawu isheke ukuvumela ukuxhumana, ukudala igama umthetho bese bonke. Manje echwebeni ivuliwe. Hlola ukutholakala kwayo kusukela ngaphandle kungenzeka esebenzisa isimiso esikhethekile PFPortChecker. Uma ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi port ivaliwe, kungenzeka iphendukele inketho ezifana: ukuvumela uhlelo kunethiwekhi umsebenzi wanoma yimuphi hlobo. Indlela yokuvula nezimbobo ngendlela? Nalapha futhi, udinga ukungena izilungiselelo bese udala umthetho futhi. Kodwa manje-ke ayidaliwe ethekwini futhi isicelo. Ku-window esivula, khetha uhlelo okuyinto ukufinyelela liyadingeka. Nalapha futhi, wammisela isheke ukuvumela uxhumano ekhuphuka nge gama. Manje lo mthetho wadala ohlelweni.

Uma lesi sinyathelo kungasizi, ke nezimbobo ukuvula okwamanje? Ungazama ukukhubaza ngokuphelele firewall kuncike ohlelweni.

Indlela ukukhubaza firewall?

Ukuze ukhubaze izilungiselelo udinga ukukhetha ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi "Ukunika amandla futhi azizwe ekhubazeke kakhulu." Iwindi lizovula izilungiselelo uhlobo lwenethiwekhi. Ngayinye kudingeka nibeke isheke ukukhubaza firewall. Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ke ingasasebenzi, futhi uhlelo lokusebenza kukhompyutha zamanje uzovulelwa ngokuphelele izinsongo kunethiwekhi zangaphandle. ke Kuyancomeka ukukhubaza uhlelo Ukuvikelwa noma isikhathi esifushane ukuze uhlole nezinkinga ezihlobene ukufinyelela port, noma uma kuyiswe ohlangothini lemifanekiso iphakethe. A njalo ukusebenza inethiwekhi lokuvikela zikhutshaziwe kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu.

Indlela yokuvula nezimbobo iseva?

Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzomele uvule ukucushwa kwe-router, ngemvume, bese ufika iphuzu "firewall". I "amaseva Virtual" kukhethiwe lapha. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi wonke amagama imizila ingehluka. Iwindo lizovula lapho kudingeka ugcwalisa yonke imikhakha ngaphakathi accordance nga babe iseva idinga. Ayikho into enzima cha.

Indlela Ubuntu port evulekile?

Kuyinto imfihlo ukuthi i-Windows ibheka abasebenzisi ngisho abangenalwazi. Yingakho zonke imisebenzi eyenziwa besebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqhafaza kohlelo. Ngo-Ubuntu, njengoba bonke imisebenzi eyenziwa ngosizo amaqembu akhethekile, ebekiwe umugqa wemiyalo. kanjani lesi simiso ukuvula izimbobo?

Impendulo ingase ikumangaze: lutho. Into wukuthi azikho nezimbobo kungukuthi ivinjiwe ngohlelo lokuvikela okuzenzakalelayo. isicelo yomsebenzisi, kunalokho, kungaba ukubavimbela. Uma ngandlela-thile echwebeni yavalwa, ungasebenzisa uhlelo Nmap ukuze usihlole. It uyakwazi ukuqaphela ahlukene kwamachweba. Ngakho, i-Open isimo kusho ukuthi isicelo ukulungele ukuthola amaphakethe kule port. Ehlungiwe kusho ukuthi isihlungi noma i-firewall ekuvimbeni imbobo inethiwekhi. Uhlelo ayikwazi kungaziwa ukuthi kwakuyisifo sini ivuliwe noma ivaliwe. Kuvaliwe kusho ukuthi imbobo okwamanje ehambisana nesicelo, kodwa angavulwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Futhi, ekugcineni, unfiltered isimo kusho ukuthi imbobo aphendvule ithuluzi nombuzo, kodwa awukwazi ukuthi kusemthethweni yini livuliwe noma livaliwe.

Lapho ukuskena, chofoza ibha yesikhala, inqubo ukuqaliswa kuyoba.

Uma umsebenzisi akanakho ukuvala umbhalo, kanye ihluzo izinhlelo, kukhona Umbuso Zenmap ukuthi kuyinto GUI for Nmap. Uyazi indlela yokwakha ibalazwe inethiwekhi.

Imiphumela

Ngakho, ukuze ukuvula izimbobo kumakhompyutha, kunezindlela eziningi ezahlukene. Ezinye Site ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, elinye - for the ezinye. Ikhasimende kumele anqume ngalolo izindlela ezifanele, futhi ukuhlinzwa ngeke uthathe eziningi umzamo. Futhi ewusizo kakhulu sokuba bajwayelane umsebenzi ubuchwepheshe bama-computer kabanzi. amakhono ezinjalo njalo ewusizo.