Yini lokushisa ukumelana izithombo utamatisi in zokugcina, e ekhanyayo, emphemeni, ngaphansi ikhava impahla e greenhouse?

ezisuke zithandwa ngaleso kakhulu ukutshala abanikazi Cottages zasehlobo notamatisi. ezithela aphezulu ewusizo yemifino balimi abazikhandlayo uthole cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo zezulu. Umbuzo wokuqala Wabasaqalayo tomatovodov - kuyinto okushisa elilungile kanye ovumelekile. Umbuzo uwukuthi, lokho lokushisa ukumelana izithombo utamatisi, umsindo e okuhlukile, ngoba kuyadingeka ukwazi izimo lokushisa ukuhluma kwezinhlobo imbewu, zitshala, izithelo uvuthwe ezimeni ezahlukahlukene. Izimpendulo kudingeka ukukhetha elilungile indlela elula yokuthola isivuno esihle.

Okwazalelwa futhi umlando komnikazi utamatisi

Ekhaya, ezindaweni ezishisayo yaseNingizimu Melika, futhi manje likhula zilwane zasendle utamatisi. Ukwazi lokhu, singakwazi ukuphendula ngokucacile ukuba umbuzo, okungukuthi, ungakwazi ukumelana kanjani okushisa umnkantsha utamatisi izithombo. Cha Frost emoyeni, ikakhulukazi ngezizathu simila akusho asukume afe. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani yawela ngesandla ukukhanya Columbus. Lokhu kunjalo lapho siyazi usuku oluqondile - Ngomnyaka wesithathu nanye namakhulu amane namashumi ayisishiyagalolunye. Hlakulela ngezinhloso Culinary yaqala kuphela phakathi ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha emazweni olufudumele European. Futhi onesandla ukukhanya zabantu base-Italy "apula osemqoka", abizwa kanjalo lapha izithelo izitshalo babe "Pomo Doro" - inguqulo yezwi nezwi. Yingakho-Russian - "utamatisi". Impendulo yombuzo, kungaba kanjani ukumelana lokushisa iconsi utamatisi izithombo e laseRussia aqala ngobudlova ufune phakathi nokubusa uCatherine II, iqembu eliholwa umfuyi EA Grachev kanye umsunguli Russian kwenhlabathi A. Bolotov. Nge esandleni sabo ukukhanya imifino namanzi uvele kwi amatafula zabantu ezweni lonke.

incazelo Botanical

Utamatisi - isitshalo herbaceous we nightshade. Ekhaya kungaba eside. Emazweni ne sezulu posurovee - yonyaka. Uhlelo impande - induku kunothile amagatsha side, kuyahlanganiswa kunothile izinwele. I ongaphandle phansi evuthayo ezindaweni eningizimu, izimpande ukufinyelela imitha ubude. I zokugcina eyenziwa amathathu ngamasentimitha. Roots akhiwa kalula kunoma iyiphi ingxenye ye-stem. Sami sifanamsindvo kuthiwa sokwakha noma adinga garter, kanye nesimo sokukhula: ekhelini njalo - indeterminate futhi, kunalokho, determinant. Ihamba ukuma evamile, kodwa izinguquko umbala wabo ngaphansi kwethonya kwezimo zangaphandle kanye nesimo isitshalo. Izimbali zabo bobubili ubulili eqoqwe inflorescence "izithelo cluster." Izithelo - esinamanzi kanye namanzi amajikijolo, letingemasayizi lahlukene nomumo. Umbala lezithelo zasehlobo - kusukela golden ensundu onsomi, kuye ngokuthi ezihlukahlukene. Utamatisi - self-impova plant. It uqala eziqhakaza emhlabeni izinsuku zamashumi amahlanu ngemva ukuhluma kwezinhlobo imbewu izithelo ngisho emva kwezinsuku ezingamashumi ayisithupha uvuthwe. Phakathi nale nkathi, noma yiziphi izinguquko okungazelelwe zangaphandle, ikakhulukazi lokushisa ekushintshashintsheni ingase ibe yingozi isivuno. Bese itawufuneka ukwazi ukuthi izinga lokushisa aphansi ukumelana utamatisi izithombo, hhayi ukuvumela isitshalo ukufinyelela emazingeni okushisa eqisayo - ngezansi degrees ezinhlanu. It izokufa futhi ukushisa ngaphezu degrees amane nantathu.

Kukhethwa izinhlobonhlobo utamatisi

Endabeni ukukhetha izinhlobo okwakuhlalwa kuzo lapho kusaqalwa, ungasebenzisa izincomo balimi abanolwazi, kodwa okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho siqu kuyigugu ngaphezu. Kunoma ikuphi, udinga ukuthenga imbewu ngezinhlobo ezithile notamatisi. Ukuze usebenze ukuhluma yabo izithombo kufike ukuvuna. umsebenzi Autumn sizobonisa ukuthi luhlobo luni utamatisi wakufeza lokho okwakulindelwe ngokuqondile engadini yakho. Lapho ekhetha imbewu utamatisi zokugcina endaweni evulekile ngaphandle umbuzo yokuqala kufanele ibe elandelayo saziso: lokho lokushisa utamatisi ukumelana izithombo etshalwe ekhanyayo? Lapha kubalulekile ukuba makudle ongaphakeme-okhula izinhlobo hybrid nge ukumelana okuhle okushisa kohlelo impande. Futhi akufanele ngokweqile ngalokho lokushisa okungenani izithombo amelana utamatisi, thatha ku inkonzo isimo elandelayo. Kuhle ukukhetha izinhlobo yokuvuthwa, ekuseni khulu, okulingene ekuseni. Izitshalo zinokuphila okunempilo kulawo maqembu, ngokulandelana, sihamba ukuba ayisikhombisa ayisishiyagalolunye izinsuku eziyikhulu. Isibonelo determinant izinhlobo: internet, okumnandi futhi eliphezulu ukuhoxa ukugcwaliswa White, ekuseni khulu, iyunifomu ngobukhulu Agatha izithelo, amelana lokushisa nesiyaluyalu nge ekhethekile utamatisi ukunambitheka Sanka, pink amnandi Demidov, ekahle lokulondolozwa izintokazi iminwe. Umbuzo wakho ngokuqondene nalokho lokushisa ukumelana izithombo utamatisi kule abamba ukushisa, uma lusekelwe yinkatho yakho, kubaluleke endabeni le ezihlukahlukene kwekhethelo abamba ukushisa. Lapha kungenzeka makudle nzalo indeterminalnym. Sikwazi ukukhula Isiqu oyinhloko izinhlobo ezahlukene utamatisi isihlahla esingaphezu konyaka. grade ukuphakama ingwane 1, isibonelo, cishe ezine amamitha, kanye umqhele ihlanganisa indawo yabangamashumi amahlanu square metres. Ukuvuna ngoba ngonyaka kanye amathani nengxenye. Lona ezihlukahlukene kangcono zokugcina, embozwe nje ifilimu, yesimanje izinto okusobala plastic kubalimi, osomabhizinisi. Okukhulu namabanga kufanelekile isikali ezimbonini. Ngisho ngesikhathi abandayo isizini abalimi abakhethe lolu hlobo lwezinto, akukho ukukhathazeka mayelana nombuzo yalokho izinga lokushisa ebusuku utamatisi ukumelana izithombo. It has a ukumelana ngokuzumayo lokushisa izinguquko, futhi izifo eziyinhloko notamatisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto zokuthutha eside ungawoni kubo isethulo yayo. Ngo ukunambitheka abamba ukushisa engcono ezihlukahlukene okusheshayo-ukukhula, abantu abaningi bakholelwa pink Mikado. Izinga likashukela anda kwenza izithelo uginindela elimnandi kanye namanzi. Uma ungumuntu fan of big utamatisi sakhe sakhula, futhi indawo ukulima kukhawulwe ifulethi edolobheni isakhiwo eliphezulu liphumele ke sekuyisikhathi ukuthola ukuthi yini lokushisa izithombo amelana utamatisi on emphemeni. Kulesi simo kungcono ukukhetha izinhlobo izithelo ezincane nezihlahla-okhula ongaphakeme ezifana cherry, Red Cascade, Red Pearl. Bonke - abalandeli ekuseni nobe ntsambama ilanga futhi ukumelana ubusuku Ukushiyeka amadigri nambili.

Izimfuneko ukukhanyisa futhi ayakhala

ukukhanyisa Good izitshalo ukukhanya-onothando - isimo ezidingekayo. Ukuze utamatisi izithombo yokuntula ukukhanya kuyingozi ikakhulukazi. Izithombo ukuthuthukisa kabi, kufihlizwe basondela, futhi buthaka. Abadala utamatisi nokushoda ukukhanya cishe ziqhakazile, ukuwa esibelethweni. Lesi sitshalo liphenduka eziqongweni green. Ikakhulukazi kabi ngokungabi ilanga utamatisi izinhlobo eningizimu yilezo etshalwa zokugcina izithombo zokugcina izithombo. Ukuswelakala kokusebenza ngokuhlanganyela ukukhanya - siyimbangela abampofu ukunambitheka izimfanelo utamatisi. Solanaceae likhule ngaphandle ilanga, kungaba anobuthi. Ngo zokugcina, akukho ukukhanya yemvelo, izitshalo, maningi amathuba okuba abantu bayagula kunalawo esekhulile endle. Kulokhu, khumbula ukuthi nhlabathi futhi zokugcina ezahlukene ngenkasa imibuso.

Ukuze akhulule izitshalo abamba ukushisa kusuka leaf isikhunta, ukunciphisa ukuthambisa. Ezindaweni evulekile zalesi sihlahla kufanele uyophuziswa njalo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi lapho izithelo akhiwa futhi abavuthiwe. Umhlabathi ngaphansi izimpande akumelwe zome futhi jikisa uqweqwe. Ukunisela ngokuvamile kushintshane ziba ngcono. Ukuthululela amanzi kufanele kube empandeni, hhayi ukuthola amaqabunga, izimila musa akubekezelele. Amanzi kahle ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ukuvikela kangcono emini. Akufanele kube abandayo - kungcono umbuzo mayelana nokuthi uluphi uhlobo lokushisa izithombo amelana utamatisi endle. Umswakama ezidingekile inhlabathi 70% umoya - 60%. umswakama Ukwandiswa futhi ukuntula ukushisa kunciphisa isivuno.

Izidingo phansi omakhelwane

Enhlabathini akuzona elawula ukuze ukukhanya nokushisa. Hhayi-ke, uma ungakwazi ngiziqhayise mhlabathi omnyama vysokoplodorodnym engadini noma kule abamba ukushisa. kuhambisana kahle loamy ukukhanya nenhlabathi sandy we asidi isilinganiso. Encwadini enhlabathini ene-asidi kakhulu kudingeka wenze lime. Utamatisi musa batusa ukutshala iminyaka amahlandla angaphezu kwamabili alandelanayo endaweni efanayo. Kubi ngoba isivuno utamatisi, uma eziningi izakhi kule ndawo ukuze usukhulile pepper, eggplant kanye nezinye nemifino, ethathwa inhlabathi. ababengaphambi Good kubhekwe anyanisi, amazambane, iklabishi, zucchini, ukhukhamba, amathanga kanye izaqathe. Solanaceous imifino, amazambane kanye pepper ayifanele njengoba omakhelwane in the imibhede, impande uketshezi yabo zinqanda ukukhula notamatisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isifo kanye izinambuzane ezifanayo, okwandisa ingozi yokulimala. Eceleni utamatisi abatshalwé kahle u-anyanisi, asparagus, parsley, calendula. Lezi omakhelwane okunenzuzo futhi ukuvikela yilezi zinsizi.

Lungisa imbewu izithombo

Growing utamatisi izithombo ziqala ukulungiselela imbewu. Isigaba sokuqala - isheke yabo. imbewu Quality - saline, e amaphesenti amahlanu agcwele bona minza. Konke okhuphuka - imbewu angenalutho noma abolile. Amasampula agezwa kahle ngamanzi abandayo nokugijima futhi egxilile imizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu in isixazululo amaphesenti omunye potassium permanganate. Emva kokubulawa kwamagciwane futhi wageza ngamanzi abandayo kanye kakade ubusuku ofakwe isixazululo micronutrients ekhethekile. Kungcono ukuthenga isakhiwo ngomumo eyenziwe for isixazululo. imbewu ofakwe for pipping ukusabalala on ngendwangu emanzi. Phakathi nale nkathi, mhlawumbe kuze kube ngesonto, indwangu kufanele kube esemanzi njalo. umswakama okweqile, kanye omiswe, ibe nomphumela ongemuhle ukuhluma.

izithombo ezikhulayo

Umhlabatsi ukuhluma kwezinhlobo imbewu achanyuselwa kusiza ukulungiselela bebodwa. Kufanele kube okuxekethile futhi kulula, umoya omuhle futhi umswakama permeable. Ungakwazi uhlanganise ngokulinganayo ukuhambisa Turf umhlabathi, isihlabathi, humus kanye Peat. Kubalulekile ukuthi inhlabathi angaphambilini akakhulelanga izitshalo bomkhaya Solanaceae. Esikhundleni isihlabathi kungenziwa exutshwe sawdust umlotha t. E. Thatha izingxenye ukuthi ungathola. Ukuchelela isixazululo substrate amaminerali ibhalwe kusukela cishe abangamashumi amabili amagremu superphosphate kanye eziyishumi amagremu yamanzi urea kuya ebhakedeni. Ukuze ukutshala imbewu esetshenziswa made, ikesi lokhuni kangcono, lapho bebembeke yebhangqa udlawana ezimbalwa amasentimitha ngaphandle, ngendlela inkatho flat eside ezilungiselelwe lakwa amasentimitha owodwa nengxenye ukujula. Fafaza phezulu phansi futhi embozwe ifilimu. Amabhokisi ibekwe endaweni efudumele. Lapha-ke siyafaneleka ukubuza ukuthi hlobo luni lokushisa utamatisi ukumelana izithombo ngaphansi izinto ezihlanganisa. lokushisa Border ukuhluma - izinyathelo eziyishumi; ukuze kusheshiswe umsebenzi, udinga degrees okungenani abantu abayishumi nesithupha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuze kube amaqabunga ambalwa, zinesilinganiso sezinga lokushisa kumele abe phakathi degrees amabili amabili nane, liguqubele bavunyelwe degrees elishumi elinamithandathu. Night - kusukela nanhlanu nesikhombisa degrees nge uphawu lokuhlanganisa, kungenjalo ukukhula uyama. Lapho imbewu ziqhume, bona zidluliselwa endaweni elikhanyayo. Uma kungekho zemvelo, isicelo doosveschenie yokufakelwa. Kubalulekile ukuqapha lokushisa emoyeni nasenhlabathini, uma konke kuhamba kahle, usuku ifilimu ihlumela. Ikamelo lapho izithombo ukulungiselela, udinga ingashaywa, kodwa okusalungiswa akufanele kube. Lapho amahlumela ivele amahlamvu ezimbili zokuqala, baba usuhleli, komkhuba for balimi - dive ephepheni encane noma izinkomishi plastic nge izimbobo ezansi ukuze liphume igazi. Izithombo akhethiwe enempilo, izimpande eziqinile. Ukukhuthaza lateral ukukhula impande Taproot Undercut. Ngena kubo enhlabathini lelungiselelwe, bazithela futhi igcinwe ukuxoxa nabo degrees amabili. Lapho amahlamvu kuyoba lemine, emva kwezinsuku eziyishumi ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini unomphela, imini nobusuku lokushisa kuyehla ambalwa degrees. Ungabeka izimbiza emgwaqeni, futhi izidleke kanye zokugcina ukususa phezulu ewindini for lukhuni izitshalo, inqobo nje uma ingeke ibe khona yesithwathwa ebusuku. Okungukuthi. Kufanele njalo sikhumbula lokho lokushisa okungenani izithombo amelana utamatisi, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi wayengeneme ngaphansana degrees nambili. Ngemva eqeda zokutshala izithombo kuncike enempilo, ne uqweqwe ngasesinqeni, ahlanzekile, stem bushelelezi. Lapho ekhula, ngaphandle ukukhanya nokushisa, izithombo zidinga yokudla. Okokuqala okudingeka uyenze izinsuku eziyishumi emva zitshala izimbiza. Awu ukulungiselela Umanyolo eziphilayo. Ukuze lokhu siphela emanzini slurry endaweni Ingxenye eyodwa kuya ezine noma umquba wenkukhu in the Ingxenye eyodwa kuya nanhlanu. Lokhu futhi wengeze amagremu amabili superphosphate nokhuni umlotha kancane. Kuyadingeka ukuba silondoloze njalo ngezikhathi ezithile phakathi kusaladi cishe amasonto amabili.

isikhathi zokutshala

On lapho ohlela ukuhambisa izithombo utamatisi emhlabathini, endaweni yokuhlala unomphela ngo-greenhouse noma kuvulandi, khetha isikhathi ekutshaleni imbewu. Futhi kuncike isimo sezulu sendawo nenhlabathi ekilasini abakhethiwe. Izithombo efanele izinhlobo ezivamile zingatshalwa amahlanu - izinsuku ezingamashumi ayisikhombisa futhi utamatisi imidondoshiya imigomo anda ukuze izinsuku ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye. On the ekhanyayo maphakathi no-zindawo, isibonelo, athathe izithombo ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ukuze abamba isikhathi kungenziwa wawugxilisa isichibiyelo yombuzo, lokho lokushisa utamatisi ukumelana izithombo kule abamba ukushisa. Kudingeka ungacabangi ukuthi uhlobo, lokho isigubungelo - ifilimu noma polycarbonate. Ukuze balcony izithombo kudingeka ucabangele kuphi ukushiya amafasitela emphemeni evulekile noma ezicwebezelisiwe, lokho ukwahlukanisa oyisebenzisayo. Uma emphemeni itholakala ohlangothini eningizimu-mpumalanga, futhi ngci ifasitela plastic, nezinsuku kwehla zifana imigomo abamba ukushisa, kanti wena ithi impendulo langempela yombuzo, lokho lokushisa utamatisi ukumelana izithombo kule abamba ukushisa.

Izimfuneko nemibandela abamba ukushisa

Ekuqaleni kokufika kwesikhathi, ngakhoke isikhathi kufanele abamba ukushisa okulungiselelwe. Uma ushayele uvikelekile abamba ukushisa ifilimu isakhiwo ngaphandle Ukushisa, izithombo kuwo zingasuswa kuphela phakathi kuka-May, ukubuqeda ngokuphelele kungenzeka ebusuku frost endaweni yangakini. Uma isimo sezulu sivuma, abamba ukushisa ngaphandle Ukushisa ifilimu ehlanganiswa izingqimba eziningana, futhi asebenzise extra ikhava iphepha futhi ayakhala ngamanzi afudumele, kungenzeka ukutshala izithombo ezinsukwini zokugcina ngo-Ephreli. Esikhathini zokugcina ifilimu, lapho kukhona amalahle, izithombo zitshalwa kusuka eyeshumi nanhlanu ka-Ephreli. Ngokuphelele mbuzo ongadinge mpendulo, lokho lokushisa ukumelana utamatisi izithombo ku polycarbonate abamba ukushisa, ngoba ngokuvamile ukwakha ngoba unyaka wonke ukutshala imifino.

Manje, ngobukhulu ezweni ngaphansi abamba ukushisa. Izithombo izinhlobo yemifino zitshalwa at ibanga ngamasentimitha amathathu ngaphandle. Ukuze ubude akudingeki esingaphansi amane amasentimitha indawo. Ibanga phakathi emigqeni lokutshala ubuchwepheshe, kufanele kube kusuka ngamasentimitha amahlanu ayisithupha. Ukutshala izihlahla uvalo kangcono - imigqa emibili, irowu izikhala, njll endaweni mayelana nengxenye kuya square metres ezimbili angazamukela eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kweziyishumi nambili utamatisi asehlathini ... Ukuze zokugcina ibhizinisi Polycarbonate kudingeka ezinhlanu noma eziyisithupha amahektare amaningi endawo. Kunoma abamba ukushisa badinga izibani ezengeziwe - manje tube-noma sibonakalisa yelanga sibonakalisa ebusweni. Izingcweti wasebenzisa ngisho abavamile yasendlini ucwecwe ku ipulangwe. Esikhathini abamba ukushisa noma isayithi kufanele babe umthombo wamanzi, oholela kangcono - kahle noma Borehole. Ukukhumbula ini lokushisa ukumelana utamatisi izithombo kanye bazithela ngamanzi abandayo ukuthi zingakwazi, udinga isitokwe amathangi, lapho amanzi luhlala kanye kuzosithinta elangeni noma idivayisi ekhethekile. Futhi uma ukutshala utamatisi kule abamba ukushisa ngawe - aliyona nje enye ochungechungeni ucwaningo kuhlulekile, kungcono banakekele ezengeziwe ukushisa umthombo ngaphandle elangeni.

Abanikazi zokugcina ngaphambi zokutshala omusha ngamunye ukuze uqiniseke zonke izingxenye izindonga nophahla isakhiwo ukusingatha bleach, fafaza futhi inhlabathi. Upper, pyatisantimetrovym ungqimba lwenhlabathi zokugcina washintsha kumuntu substrate entsha, bagubha futhi bazithela nge isixazululo potassium permanganate emva kokuvuna ngamunye. Zonke lezi zinyathelo kuyosisiza ukuvimbela njalo izifo abamba ukushisa imifino. Ngokuvamile, imibhede abamba ukushisa umusi ehlelwa uhlobo imisele lapho kuqala ukubeka umquba esishisayo, abantu abangamashumi amathathu ukuba amathathu ngamasentimitha amahlanu, bese elungiselela ukuphuma njengoba yisithombo, izakhi ingxube nanhlanu sentimitha up. Nokho akufanele sikhohlwe ukupholisa amandla futhi evamile ye zokugcina. Ukwakhiwa zokugcina kuzomele sifake hhayi kuphela izikhala ezinhlangothini, kodwa futhi phezulu.

Utamatisi kusuka engadini

Uma umgomo wakho - hhayi utamatisi ibhizinisi project, futhi sesivuthiwe, amnandi, utamatisi namanzi eyodla engadini yakho siqu ekhaya, khona-ke unqume ekugcineni yombuzo, lokho lokushisa utamatisi ukumelana izithombo e ekhanyayo, futhi uqale. Khetha indawo engadini ngaphansi kombhede lapho ukukhanya okuningi, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kuyoba efudumele. Ngonyaka odlule, lapha, endleleni, ukhukhamba kahle esekhulile. In autumn kuthanda wena, njengoba kulindeleke, isayithi bemba futhi wenza umquba. Ngemva ebusika futhi ngaphambi kokufika waphinda zonke is Uzithukululile kahle futhi wanezela nitrogen umquba. Ekupheleni kuka-May, izinga lokushisa njalo. Ntambama we degrees amabili nambili ezingamashumi amabili nanhlanu. ifudumele ebusuku azikho plus esingaphansi nanhlanu. Kungaba itshalwe. Amanzi emthonjeni emgqonyeni elikhulu engadini emini ilanga lifudumeza ngenhla degrees amabili. Kukhona okuthile uyophuziswa. Futhi akekho "elwa" elindela isivuno, nje lapho esebenza isifiso, okuhle nothando bemvelo - nje aphumelele.