Ingabe Spot on the Sun kuthinte okuvela izindawo esikhunjeni esikhumbeni

Iqiniso lokuthi inkanyiso yethu ngezikhathi ezithile avele amaphethini amnyama, Isaga sithi, ezwakalisa umbono wokuthi emhlabeni akukho muntu futhi akukho lutho uphelele: ". Futhi ilanga kukhona izindawo" imihlola enjalo iye yabonakala isikhathi eside, futhi ngokubona okubonakala ngeso lenyama, bese-ke ilandisa ukufakaza. Ngokwesibonelo, zemihla ngemihla Russian ukubalula ukuthi sunspots babebhekwa "izinzipho ako." Ngempela, uma ukubukela inkanyezi eyinhloko uhlelo lwethu ngokusebenzisa ingilazi ngibhema, ungabona amaphuzu ambalwa, ngezinye izikhathi ebuthana izingcezu ezinkulu noma ezincane. Kuyini lokhu mkhuba, futhi imaphi amandla has abantu Zomhlaba?

Okokuqala, kumelwe kushiwo ukuthi ukuze angabonwa ngaphandle izindawo isibonakude elangeni, kufanele abe ubukhulu esingekho ngaphansi eziyikhulu amakhilomitha, okuyinto amashumi amaningana izikhathi ubukhulu planethi yethu. Futhi kusobala ukuthi sehlelwe inhlekelele omkhulu onjalo akakwazi azithalalise yizwe, ngoba ukuphila kule planethi yethu kuxhomeke ngokuphelele amandla elanga. Ngakho kwenzekani lapho, phezu komlilo, izigidi amakhilomitha away? wacelwa Lo mbuzo phambi kwabantu. UGalileo Galiley Okuskeshiwe waphawula amnyama, futhi waphawula ukuthi akukhona kukhona eyohlobo. Zakhiwa kunjengokungathi kusukela black core (uGalileo walibiza shadow) futhi umbuthano mnyama (le penumbra).

Usosayensi brilliant ngomunye wabokuqala waphawula ukuthi sunspots kuyagcinwa hhayi iyunifomu yonke indawo, futhi esevile eminyakeni engu-zindawo. Babonakala zivela kuma-pole, bese "umbukiso" nenkabazwe, kodwa ungalokothi uwufinyelele. Ngo-1841, ososayensi baphetha ngokuthi leyo mithi 'amabala "yokukhanya has a imvamisa - engaba ngu-11. Okokuqala, kukhona izinto ezimbalwa, zihlakazeke, amaphuzu amancane, khona-ke kukhona ngaphezulu, zibuthana khona amaqembu lapho kukhona giant evele ezimbili emnyama - zasempumalanga futhi onqenqemeni esentshonalanga iqembu. Njengoba bafundelwa iminyaka eyikhulu edlula, polarity kulezi zinkanyezi, ososayensi baye baphetha ngokuthi zingabantu - njengoba izigxobo ezimbili okuphambene uzibuthe.

Kungani ngiba endaweni ethile e-Sun? Ababhula Ngezinkanyezi ukuhlobanisa le mkhuba nge okwandisa kazibuthe inkanyezi ensimini umsebenzi (okuyinto ngenhlanhla Ubuye PERIODICITY zeminyaka 11). ukuzungeza Enhanced solar plasma kwekhabhoni prominences nesenzakalo njalo yenqubo ukukhiqiza kazibuthe. Lokhu, kuholela yokuthi endaweni ethile uwela lokushisa we ketshezi kanye degrees ayizinkulungwane isigamu kuqhathaniswa ebusweni ezizungezile we photosphere. Kusukela ngemisebe ngendlela "cool" indawo buthakathaka, amehlo ethu azibonayo kule ndawo njengoba endaweni emnyama.

Kungakhathaliseki lunendima kokuvela futhi anyamalale amnyama kudiski solar inkambo evamile yokuphila emhlabeni? Bebodwa, cishe ngeke. Kodwa njengoba sunspots ibonisa umsebenzi elandayo izinkanyezi, bakhonza 'nesiphepho isixwayiso "kithi amadoda. Iziphepho Magnetic nokusakaza eqinile izinhlayiya asithinti nje kuphela ukwanda wegazi ukuthi igcwele ngoba iziguli abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme hhayi kuphela kwandisa ingozi yokumelwa yinhliziyo kulezo ezithandwa kubo, kodwa futhi kuholele ikhanda kanye uzizwa ukhathele engaqondakali abantu ngempela enempilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi solar uyakwazi ngisho ukuvimba umsebenzi kwemibhoshongo Translational, ngenxa nabashayeli bezindiza phansi abalawuli ukuphazamisa yezokuxhumana mobile.

Kodwa amnyama ukusuka elangeni kuncike ngokungaqondile kakhulu. elementi Cutaneous obhekene melanin futhi isikhumba elihlwelwayo (njengoba yilanga Imininingwane noma njengoba iphuzu amnyama), kuveza emisebeni ultraviolet. Lapho Esikuncela lezi rays, melanin ngaphezulu kwesikhumba ukhiqiza. Kodwa ukuchayeka amagagasi UV kuncike, kunalokho, hhayi ilanga, futhi kusukela ukuvikelwa ungqimba Umhlaba okwakhiwa. Elidumile-ozone imbobo - ngenxa yokudebesela yethu ngemvelo - attenuate esivikelo ungqimba ebangelwa umkhathi, ngakho okuthuthukisiwe ultraviolet ngemisebe. Libuye iyehla iyenyuka ezibalulekile kwesizini lokushisa emkhathini. Ngokwesibonelo, entwasahlobo (May - June), izingqimba engenhla azikakabi sekuqala ukufudumala, futhi ilanga liphuma kakade okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ngakho-ke kwangathi Tan - ayingozi kakhulu: kungaholela izindawo engadingeki futhi yilanga.