Iqembu-antibiotic kanye nemiphumela engemihle yemithi elwa namagciwane,

Imiphumela emibi yemithi elwa namagciwane, bavame ezidingidwa izinkundla, kodwa abantu abaningi abaqapheli ukuthi ingozi main zokuzelapha ngezilapha magciwane - cha thimu imiphumela, kanye kumiswa ukuzabalaza kwama-bacterium izidakamizwa aqinile uma umthamo wakhethwa ngokungalungile noma isikhathi ukuthi ngokungalungile ibalwa. Ukwenza self-ukwelashwa, wena engozini abanye hhayi wona kodwa futhi nokusindisa. A side effect - kungcono nje isicefe okuyinto ezimweni eziningi akukhona esinzulu. Okunye imiphumela emibi ehambisana ne-izinhlobo ezahlukene kwama-antibiotic.

Modern ngezigaba kwamaphilisi zihlanganisa beta-lactam izidakamizwa (lena penicillins futhi cephalosporins), macrolides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides.

Penicillins - endala kakhulu kwemithi elwa namagciwane. Basuke asetshenziselwa ukwelapha pheshana urinary nezifo, pheshana emathunjini, indlebe izifo ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo kanye zokuphefumula ipheshana izifo, isipatsholo. penicillins Yemvelo ngempumelelo ukuphazamisa imisebenzi ebalulekile ye -bacterium Gram-HIV ezifana staphylococci futhi streptococci, kanye isenzo ngokumelene lwegciwane enjalo esesabekayo like meningococcus (yena Gram).

Nokho, ama-bacterium aye afunda ukuthuthukisa enzyme - penicillinase - okuyinto ibulala penicillin akuzange kusize. Nokho, ezinye zazo ezinzile, uyaqhubeka ukusiza abantu. Aminopenicillins une uhla ngisho ebanzi isenzo (ampicillin futhi amoxicillin). Imiphumela engemihle nge-penicillin akuzange imithi elwa namagciwane angaphansi liphinyiselwe ukuqhathanisa nezinye izinhlobo. Ngokuvamile, kuba khona isifo sohudo. Zikhona nezinye izimpawu of izinkinga zesisu - isicanucanu nokuhlanza nobuhlungu ngeke kakhulu ezinzima esiswini. Kakhulu ezingavamile iguliswa ukusabela, imfiva, ukuqubuka, anaphylactic ukushaqeka. Ngo sokukhulelwa, penicillins ingasatshenziswa uma inzuzo kubo likulimaze. Bangabaholi izidakamizwa lokuzikhethela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngoba ezinye imithi elwa namagciwane kulesigaba wokuphila womuntu wesifazane ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa.

On lo mshini wezenzo ka cephalosporins (cefazolin, cefpirome) iyefana penicillin akuzange kusize, kodwa kuthinte amanye amakilasi kwamagciwane, nakuba zikhona zemigwaqo. Ngokwesibonelo, cephalosporins iphathwa isipatsholo futhi indlebe izifo. nazo ukusiza kahle nge yebhaktheriya, strep emphinjeni izilonda, namathansela, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula, pheshana urinary izilonda amagciwane. Kuleli qembu kukhona kakhulu ezahlukene imikhiqizo, baze banikezwe ngisho oluthathwa ku 4 izizukulwane, ngalinye elisha isizukulwane we zikhula spectrum (okungukuthi, basuke ngempumelelo yokulwa ngaphezulu izifo).

Ngokuvamile, imiphumela emibi cephalosporin imithi elwa namagciwane ziyefana for penicillins: izinkinga zesisu nobuhlungu. Nokho, ukusabela kabi komzimba kuvamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, 5-10% we iguliswa penicillin akuzange kusize yokungezwani komzimba waphawula ukuthi cephalosporins, okuyinto imikhawulo kungenzeka isicelo zomuthi. Ngezinye izikhathi asetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin, ofloxacin) siyagwinyeka ngokuphelele, ngakho avame ebekiwe amaphilisi. Lona entsha ye antibiotic. Nomkhakha libanzi: isikhumba izifo, ngomgudu womchamo, zokuphefumula. Abavumeli amagciwane ukwanda ngu ezivimbela synthesis DNA virus.

Imiphumela engemihle imithi elwa namagciwane fluoroquinolone, ngaphandle iziyaluyalu emathunjini futhi zihlanganisa iziyaluyalu isimiso sezinzwa (ubuhlungu bekhanda, ukozela, ukudideka). Zingaba yingozi umntwana ongakazalwa, ngakho asetshenziswa kuphela uma izifo ezisongela ukuphila kukamama.

Tetracyclines (doxycycline, tetracycline) e ukwakheka aqukethe 4 indandatho. Abavumeli amagciwane synthesize amaprotheni. ikhono tetracyclines ivelele ukubulala amoeba ukuthi kusiza uhudo. Baphatha imfiva, isifo saseLyme, isipatsholo.

Imiphumela emibi yemithi elwa namagciwane, kuleli qembu olubanzi - anda isikhumba ukuzwela, izilonda emlonyeni kanye nolimi, ukuncinza, uhudo. Le mithi kungathinta izinso uma ngifa yabo eshalofini. Phakathi nenkathi yokukhulelwa kungukuthi ebekiwe, ngoba ingane has ukuthuthukiswa okungavamile amathambo.

Macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin) bophezela nge ribosomes, zikhala webhaktheriya amaprotheni zamagama. Bayakwazi engena ijule amaphaphu Ngakho okuhle kakhulu ekwelapheni izifo zokuphefumula.

Okusemqoka kakhulu ohlangothini umphumela macrolide imithi elwa namagciwane - yesikhashana ubuthulu. Bangaphinde ngalesi siyingi kubangele ubuhlungu we ulwelwesi lwamafinyila emlonyeni. Phlebitis noma uma izidakamizwa iqondiswa ngemithambo yegazi. Yiba prescribers uqaphele ukuba abantu isibindi onesifo. Lapho sokukhulelwa isetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.

Aminoglycosides (neomycin, gentamicin) isetshenziswa kukho ukubhubha amagciwane Gram-HIV. Ziyakwazi asishintshi neze, ngakho iphathwa ngemithambo yegazi.

Imiphumela engemihle - bangathumela kungalimaza ukuzwa kwakho futhi apharathasi vestibular, ngaphezu, ayingozi kakhulu nezinso. Ngakho-ke, le mithi asetshenziselwa kuphela esifushane, ngokuvamile okusuke kuhambisana penicillin akuzange kusize. Lapho sokukhulelwa akuyona esimisiwe.

Ngakho, imiphumela engemihle ingase ibe mibi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ake udokotela anqume mayelana kukhethwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane, umthamo kanye nesikhathi.